Abstrak.docx

Pengaruh Kadar Filler ZnO, Plasticizer Gliserol dan Nisbah Air terhadap Sifat dan Morfologi Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Sagu Annur Fauzi Syaputra Laboratorium Teknologi Bahan Alam Dan Mineral Program Studi Sarjana Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Riau [email protected]

ABSTRAK Kebutuhan plastik sebagai kantong plastik, kemasan pangan atau barang semakin lama semakin meningkat. Bioplastik merupakan salah satu alternatif pengganti plastik konvesional yang membahayakan bagi lingkungan. salah satu bahan yang dapat dijadikan bioplastik adalah pati, namun bioplastik berbasis pati masih mempunyai kelemahan terhadap sifat mekanik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik pati dari batang sagu, mengetahui pengaruh nisbah air, komposisi filler ZnO dan plasticizer gliserol terhadap sifat mekanik dan morfologi bioplastik. Pati sagu diuji komposisi amilosa dan amilopektinnya sedangkan bioplastik yang dihasilkan diuji sifat mekanis, yaitu kuat tarik (tensile strenght), elongasi, water uptake, biodegradasi, dan persebaran filler melalui SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) dan analisis data menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Tingkat signifikasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebesar 0,05 sehingga variabel paling signifikan dapat dilihat dari nilai pvalue < 0,05 dan lack of fit > 0,05 yang menunjukkan bahwa model sesuai terhadap hasil penelitian. Faktor yang paling berpengaruh signifikan terhadap semua respon adalah komposisi filler ZnO dan diikuti oleh plasticizer dan nisbah air. Hasil terbaik didapat pada komposisi filler 15%, plasticizer 10% dan nisbah air 100 ml dengan kuat tarik sebesar 15,484 MPa, elongasi 2,691%, water uptake 28%, dan biodegradasi 22,12%. Kata Kunci : bioplastik, filler ZnO, gliserol, pati

Influence of Filler Content ZnO, Plasticizer Glycerol and Water Ratio Of Properties and Morphology Sago Starch-Based Bioplastics Annur Fauzi Syaputra Laboratory of Technology of Nature and Minerals Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Riau [email protected] The need of plastic as plastic bags, food or goods packaging progressively increasing. Bioplastics is one of the alternative to replace conventional plastics that are harmful to the environment. one of the ingredients that can be used as bioplastics is starch, but starch-based bioplastics are still lacking at the mechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of sago starch, determine the effect of water ratio, the composition of the ZnO filler and plasticizer glycerol on mechanical properties and morphology of bioplastics. Sago starch was tested for the composition of amylose and amylopectin, while the bioplastics is tested for mechanical properties such as tensile strength (tensile strenght), elongation, water uptake, biodegradation, and dispersion of the filler through SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) , Significance level used in this study is 0.05 so that the most significant variables can be determined from pvalue value of <0.05 and a lack of fit> 0.05, which indicates that the model according to the research results. The factors that most significantly influence all responses are ZnO filler composition and followed by the plasticizer and water ratio. Best results are obtained on the composition of 15% filler, plasticizer 10% and the ratio of water 100 ml with a tensile strength of 15.484 MPa, elongation 2.691%, water uptake 28%, and 22.12% biodegradation. Key Words : bioplastics, filler ZnO, glycerol, starch