6 Andreas Huegli.pdf

Solar Energy Conference 2014 Kristiansand , Norway, 18.06.2014

Meyer Burger Ertex

BIPV Roof Integrated Solar Systems

B2B Photovoltaic Product Engineering | Project Development and Planning of Solar Power Plants. Member of entrepreneur network © reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

swisspearl

reech gmbh Andreas Huegli Trumpf Strasse CH-7214 Gruesch (Switzerland) [email protected] // T +41 (0)81 325 34 11

Agenda

1. Enablers & Barriers for Building Integrated PV

p. 3

2. BIPV evolving into a multifunctional brick

p. 4

3. The «Roofing Evolution» ?

p. 8

4. «Snow & PV» : proven approaches

p. 13

5. BIPV Regulation: Trends in Standards and Guidelines

p. 21

6. Conclusion

p. 28

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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BIPV Enabler & Barriers EC pushing towards «Net Zero-Energy Buildings» (2020) Significant cost reduction in photovoltaics Mind change of end consumers

BIPV makes «life more complicated» Multifuntional component: «Building Envelope & Energy Production» Higher planning, engineering efforts and project coordination Customization (BIPV) vs. economy of scale (BAPV) Decisions based $/kWh instead of $/m2

Lack of harmonized standards (electrotechnical + construction) and guidelins to ease product development and qualification Some countries require full IEC61215 (performance) / 61730 (safety) module certification even for customized modules

…. but: BIPV open doors to enter new possibilities in design and function ! © reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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Roof integrated BIPV Systems

Wien, Austria I BIPV Insulation Glazing Elements 1.8 x 2m Opaque Lamination Foil & Screen Print on Backglass, 7.2kWp © reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated Manufacturer: MGT-esys GmbH, Feldkich, Austria June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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«Umweltarena» Spreitenbach, Switzerland I Roof Integrated Frameless, Shingle Design, Megaslate, 750kWp 33 trapezoidal Roof Surface Areas, Slope 6 – 32° Manufacturer: Meyer Burger, Thun, Switzerland

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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Roof integrated BIPV Systems Gais, Switzerland I Roof Integrated Full flat Topography, 8.5kWp Manufacturer: MGT-esys GmbH, Feldkich, Austria

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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Unterstammheim, Switzerland I Roof Integrated 202 kWp Frameless Glass/Foil Modules, Shingle Design, 5’400 N/m2 Glass/Glass: higher loads in testing Standardized Roof System, Fiber Cement Dummy Elements Integrated Lightning Conductor, no Potential Equalisation required Manufacturer: swisspearl, Niederurnen, Switzerland

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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The «Roofing Evolution» ? Designergy Triactive® Core Technology Available color codes:

TCR BIPV element

robust pre-fab sandwich construction roof element U = 0.75 W/m2K (130 mm) … 0.17 W/m2K (270 mm) no thermal bridges Energy density 145 Wp/m2 glass/glass PV solar panel with 54 mono c-Si cellls Maximum mechanical load 10’000 N/m2 hail impact resistance 25 mm, 82km/h, 11 locations unbeatable fire resistance, dc arc resistant ! walkable IEC61215, IEC61730 certification ongoing Relevant fire tests EN13501 ongoing R&D collaboration with Swiss BIPV Competence Center labour cost saving cladding method © reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

TCR dummy element

standard with white backsheet all black terracotta (2015)

PV solar panel metal back plane rock wool thermal insulation layer metal bottom layer

pre-shaped to custom format, or shapable on construction site

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TCR Pilot Roof Installation on Designergy SA Test Field 1. Metal alignment tray on roof board / sheating

2. Team instruction, 1st TCR* placed

3. Rapid placement: TCR integrated alignment

4. TCR fixation on sheating

*with protection foil

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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«TCR» Pilot Roof Installation on Designergy SA Test Field 7. TCR roof element intersection

6. Gap fill with insulation material

b. flip a. Glue application on construction site

Fab attached sealing membrane

5. TCR integrated handle bar

Water vapour barrier sheet (recommended, full coverage)

Water vapour barrier tape (not recommended, partial coverage)

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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«TCR» Pilot Roof Installation on Designergy SA Test Field 8. Electrical wiring

10. Safe to walk on !

9. Top cover assembly

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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«TCR Triactive Roof Design» Triactive Roof Design: Available Q3/2014 5 patents Swiss product (R&D and production) Suitable for local manufacturing / licensing: Design suitable for local manufacturing in regions Scalable production concept Low carbon footprint: continue to work with qualified local suppliers for thermal insulation, solar panels in case of local manufacturing Product Development: Next generation R&D through Designergy AS Full product technology transfer support Technology Partner SUPSI/ISAAC Lugano (CH) © reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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Snow Loads Typical cause of damage & counter measures Problem Snow sliding-off from PV roof (>10°), spontanously Danger for persons, animals, building parts and other goods !

Root Cause

Possible counter measure

Missing snow guard despite hazardous area.

Robust snow guards

Insufficient snow guard sizing

Adequate fixing points for snow guards

Shorter snow guard distance

Deicing (creating water film through PV module heating). Not appropriate to limit static load !

Module breakage due to heavy snow load

Insufficient mechanical load compliance BIPV system

Ensure mechanical load compliance: several roof integrated Systems designed for high snow loads released in 2013/2014 (>8’000 Pa). Additional supporting beams on BIPV system

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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PV & snow: Deicing irradiation at >10cm snow height in relation to yearly irradiation

9.9% 10.3% 10.1%

Source: Markus Markstaler, NTB

9.9% 10.1%

7.4% 6.7%

9.6%

8.0% 6.8% 5.5% 5.7%

Altitude [m.a.s.l.] Kristiansand, 40°, 0°S Irr. 1’136 kWh/m2/yr Nov – March: approx. 9%

Meteo data Samedan (St. Moritz, Switzerland), 1’720 m.a.s.l., Meteonorm 7.0 , Inclination 40°, Azimuth 0° S

Solar irradiation in winter (Nov – March): approx. 35% of yearly production ! Snow load 8.2kPa, 840kg/m2 Snow height 2.1m (dry & sintered) © reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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PV & snow: Deicing Type of Snow

Density [kg/m3]

Fresh snow

100

Snow, dry & sintered

300 - 400

Dog Snow (wet)

400

Dog Snow compressed

600 - 700

Ice

917

Snow removal, worldwide IP 1):

1)

Markus Markstaler // Interstate University of Applied Science, NTB, Buchs (Switzerland)

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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«Snow & PV» : proven approaches Deicing

∆ T [°C]

Typical heat up curve

Tair -1°C Voc 875V Current factor 120%

Time [min]

Conditions for safe operation:

Source: solutronic energy gmbh

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

> -5°C air temperature frameless PV modules > 25°C roof inclination no obstacles 16

Alpine BIPV Facade Integrated PV – the better alternative for heavy snowload areas ? Klein Matterhorn, 3’840 m.a.s.l. Zermatt, Switzerland Europes highest Building Integrated Solar Power Plant

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated Source: BKW I/ all ib Hostettler June 18, 2014 rights reserved.

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© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

Source: BKW / ib Hostettler

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Construction challenges on 3’840 m.a.s.l.: -

Wind speeds up to 250km/h Facade to be snow proof: - Ensure permanent drain (melting & freezing) - Prevent snow sticking on facade (load) - Logistics (transport, storage, handling) - Delays due to weather conditions © reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated Building construction according to «Minergie-P» energy standard June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

Source: BKW / ib Hostettler

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Energy Production Energy Production Monitoring Data 2011 PVPP Klein Matterhorn, Zermatt, Switzerland, 3’840 m.a.s.l., Installed Power 22kWp Facade integrated, 108 solar panels, 200 m2, total glass thickness 18mm ! Azimuth 0° S, Inclination 70°, Commissioning: 05/2009

1’573 kWh/kWp 34’600 kWh in 2011

Consider different electrical sizing due to specific project location: -

Irradiation peaks up to 1’700 W/m2 regularely up to 1’400 W/m2 for several hours at noon

Source: BKW / ib Hostettler

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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BIPV Regulation: Trends in Standards and Guidelines prEN 50583 Within the last 4 years a new BIPV Standard has been developed and distributed for vote (CLC/TC82). What does it consist of ? Normative References Part I: harmonized Standard for BIPV Modules

Part II: a Standard for BIPV Systems

Source: Franceso Frontini (SUPSI) ; Christoph Erban

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

Source: Franceso Frontini (SUPSI)

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PV as a multifunctional brick prEN 50583 2 module design families: glass and non-glass modules

5 categories for PV modules with glass

A

(laminated safety glass EN14449): A. Sloped, roof-integrated, not accessible B. Sloped, roof integrated, accessible

B E

D

C. Non-sloped, mounted not accessible D. Non-sloped, mounted accessible

C

E. Externally integrated (shades, railings) Accessible, here: «…from within the building» Source: Franceso Frontini (SUPSI)

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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PV as a multifunctional brick prEN 50583 Part 1 Part 1: requirements on module design and functionality based on the 7 Construction Product Directives (CPD) or «Bauproduktegesetz (BauPG)» in addition to LVD and other electrical requirements: 1. Mechanical resistance and stability 2. Safety in case of fire 3. Hygiene, health and environment 4. Safety in use an accessibility in use 5. Protection against noise 6. Energy economy and heat retention 7. Sustainability Source: Franceso Frontini (SUPSI)

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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PV as a multifunctional brick prEN 50583 Part 2 Part 2: requirements on usability and functionality of PV modules within a specific BIPV system. As for example: Wind load resistance Snow load resistance of structure

Source: Franceso Frontini (SUPSI)

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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PV as a multifunctional brick prEN 50583 Part 2 Part 2: requirements on usability and functionality of PV modules within a specific BIPV system. As for example: Temperature coefficient and heat retention Fire resistance

Source: MPA Stuttgart (GER)

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

Source: Franceso Frontini (SUPSI)

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PV as a multifunctional brick prEN 50583 Part 2 Part 2: requirements on usability and functionality of PV modules within a specific BIPV system. As for example: System water tightness (CEN/TR 15601)

Source: Franceso Frontini (SUPSI-ISACC, Swiss PV Test Center)

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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Conclusion BIPV modules do need to comply to electrical and building specific functionalities: cladding, heat retention, shading, noise protection , … INTEGRATED: Energy production + function of building envelope To further reduce project cost and to ease engagement of BIPV: Need of standardisation for the integrated use of PV in buildings: prEN 50583 part 1 and 2 INTERDISCIPLINARITY: building industry, facade and roof manufacturer to further bring in their expertise into the PV industry. Flexible SME manufacturers very valuable also for retrofit or repair work of customized BIPV elements. © reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

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«Thank you for your attention»

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gss Gebäude-Solarsysteme GmbH (D)

gss Gebäude-Solarsysteme GmbH (D)

gss Gebäude-Solarsysteme GmbH (D)gss Gebäude-Solarsysteme GmbH (D)

MGT-esys (A)

MGT-esys (A)

gss Gebäude-Solarsysteme GmbH (D)

MGT-esys (A)

MGT-esys (A)

© reech gmbh I Solar Energy Conference 2014 Norway – BIPV roof integrated June 18, 2014 I all rights reserved.

MGT-esys (A)

MGT-esys (A)

Meyer Burger (CH)

Meyer Burger (CH)

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