30
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Part 7
Chapter 30 A.
Homologous Series of Carbon Compounds
Multiple Choice Questions
1. 2.
B. B.
(1) and (3) only
3. 4. 5.
A. A. C.
6. 7. 8. 9.
C. D. D. C.
Their general formula is CnH2n+2. (1) only They are gases at room temperature and pressure. CnH2n+1OH butan-2-ol 3,3-Dimethylbutan-2-ol 2-Methylpropane
B. 1. 2. 3. 4. C.
7.98 g 1.0 g mol 1 = 7.98 mol General formula of alkanols: CnH2n+1OH Number of moles of H in 1 mole of CnH2n+1OH = 2n + 1 + 1 7.98 = 2n + 2 n = 2.99 ( 3) Since n = 3, the molecular formula of Y is C3H7OH. =
(b)
(c)
Fill in the Blanks 4.
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)
5.
(a)
organic compounds Structural formula Hydrocarbons, saturated, unsaturated functional group Comprehensive Questions
1.
Homologous series is a group of compounds which can be represented by a general formula.
2.
Alkanes, alkenes, alkanols and alkanoic acids
3.
(a)
Mass of 1 mole of Y = 60.0 g Mass of hydrogen in 1 mole of Y = 60.0 g 13.3 % = 7.98 g Number of moles of hydrogen in 1 mole of Y Mass of hydrogen in 1 mole of Y = Molar mass of H
Chapter 30 Solutions (EE).doc
(b)
(c)
2,2,3-trimethylbutane 3,3-dimethylbut-1-ene 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid 2,3-dimethylbut-2-ene 2,3-dimethylbutan-2-ol 2,3-dimethylbutanoic acid
Chapter 30
(f)
(d)
(e) (g)
(f)
(g)
99
Molar mass of HX Mass of HX = Number of moles of HX 7.4 g = 0.10 mol = 74.0 g mol1 General formula of alkanoic acids: CnH2n+1COOH 12.0 (n + 1) + 2n + 2 + 16.0 2 = 74.0 14n + 46.0 = 74.0 14n = 28 n=2 Structual formula of X: CH3CH2COOH Name: ethanoic acid
(h)
6.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(e)
Hydrogen gas Using a burning splint to test the gas, it will give a “pop” sound. 2HX(aq) + Mg(s) MgX2 + H2(g) Number of moles of H2 Volume = Molar volume
1 200 dm 3 1 000 = 24 dm 3 mol -1 = 0.05 mol According to the equation, the mole ratio of HX and H2 = 2 : 1 Number of moles of HX reacted = 0.05 mol 2 = 0.10 mol
Chapter 30 Solutions (EE).doc
Part 7
Chapter 30 A.
Homologous Series of Carbon Compounds
Multiple Choice Questions
1. 2.
B. B.
(1) and (3) only
3. 4. 5.
A. A. C.
6. 7. 8. 9.
C. D. D. C.
Their general formula is CnH2n+2. (1) only They are gases at room temperature and pressure. CnH2n+1OH butan-2-ol 3,3-Dimethylbutan-2-ol 2-Methylpropane
B. 1. 2. 3. 4. C.
7.98 g 1.0 g mol 1 = 7.98 mol General formula of alkanols: CnH2n+1OH Number of moles of H in 1 mole of CnH2n+1OH = 2n + 1 + 1 7.98 = 2n + 2 n = 2.99 ( 3) Since n = 3, the molecular formula of Y is C3H7OH. =
(b)
(c)
Fill in the Blanks 4.
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)
5.
(a)
organic compounds Structural formula Hydrocarbons, saturated, unsaturated functional group Comprehensive Questions
1.
Homologous series is a group of compounds which can be represented by a general formula.
2.
Alkanes, alkenes, alkanols and alkanoic acids
3.
(a)
Mass of 1 mole of Y = 60.0 g Mass of hydrogen in 1 mole of Y = 60.0 g 13.3 % = 7.98 g Number of moles of hydrogen in 1 mole of Y Mass of hydrogen in 1 mole of Y = Molar mass of H
Chapter 30 Solutions (EE).doc
(b)
(c)
2,2,3-trimethylbutane 3,3-dimethylbut-1-ene 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid 2,3-dimethylbut-2-ene 2,3-dimethylbutan-2-ol 2,3-dimethylbutanoic acid
Chapter 30
(f)
(d)
(e) (g)
(f)
(g)
99
Molar mass of HX Mass of HX = Number of moles of HX 7.4 g = 0.10 mol = 74.0 g mol1 General formula of alkanoic acids: CnH2n+1COOH 12.0 (n + 1) + 2n + 2 + 16.0 2 = 74.0 14n + 46.0 = 74.0 14n = 28 n=2 Structual formula of X: CH3CH2COOH Name: ethanoic acid
(h)
6.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(e)
Hydrogen gas Using a burning splint to test the gas, it will give a “pop” sound. 2HX(aq) + Mg(s) MgX2 + H2(g) Number of moles of H2 Volume = Molar volume
1 200 dm 3 1 000 = 24 dm 3 mol -1 = 0.05 mol According to the equation, the mole ratio of HX and H2 = 2 : 1 Number of moles of HX reacted = 0.05 mol 2 = 0.10 mol
Chapter 30 Solutions (EE).doc
