3-metabolismo.pptx

METABOLISMO MICROBIANO

METABOLISMO MICROBIANO Aceptores de electrones reducidos

Nutrientes

Anabolismo Energía para Biosíntesis

Anabolismo

Energía para el movimiento y transporte de nutrientes Catabolismo

Macromolécula s

Reacciones de oxido reducción Aceptores de electrones

Compuestos reducidos orgánicos/inorgánicos Luz

BIOSÍNTESIS DE MACROMOLÉCULAS Azucares Polisacáridos  Aminoácidos Proteínas  Nucleótidos Ácidos nucleídos  Ácidos Grasos Lípidos 

ADN/ ARN

Biosíntesis

Monosacárido s

Polisacárido s  ADP + Glicogeno + ADPG + Glucogeno Glucosa

adenosindifosfoglucosa

Biosíntesis Aminoácidos

Proteínas

Biosíntesis Nucleótidos

Ácidos Nucleicos

Biosíntesis Ácidos Grasos

Catabolismo

Glicolisis

GLYCOLYSIS: EMBDEN-MEYERHOFF Glycolytic  Cytoplasm  Anaerobic  End products 

2 Pyruvic acids  4-2 = 2 net ATP by substrate level phosphorylation  2 NADH  2 H20 

GLYCOLYSIS: PPP (PENTOSE



  

PHOSPHATE PATHWAY)

Breakdown 5-6 C Cytoplasm Anaerobic End products 1 ATP  2 NADPH  CO2  4,5,6,7 C 

AA  Nucleotides  Glycolytic pathways  Photosynthesis 

GLYCOLYSIS: ENTNER-DUODOROFF [E-D]   NADP+ NADPH

 

Glycolytic Cytoplasm Anaerobic Different enzymes Pseudomonas  Enterococcus 



End products     

2-1 = 1 net ATP NADPH NADH 2 Pyruvic acids H20

ANAEROBIC PROCESSES 

Lactic Acid 



Mixed Acid 



Clostridia

Butanol-Acetone 



Klebsiella Enterobacter

Butyric Acid 



Enterobacteriaceae

Butanediol  



Lactobacillus

Clostridia

Propionic Acid 

Corynebacteria

FERMENTATION SUMMARY     



Anaerobic Cytoplasm Partial Oxidation Small amounts of ATP generated via substrate level phosphorylation Organic intermediaries as final electron acceptors End products Acid: Lactic Acid, Acetic Acid, Butyric Acid, Acetone  Alcohol: Ethanol, Isopropyl  Gas : CO2, H2  Contaminants 

Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) guanosine diphosphate (GDP)

ACETYL COA FORMATION

KREBS CYCLE METABOLITES 

For every AcetylCoA    



2 CO2 3 NADH 1 FADH2 1 ATP (substrate level phosphorylation from GTP)

Regenerates CoA  Oxaloacetic acid 

EUKARYOTIC ETC (ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN)

PROKARYOTIC ETC

Vit B2 Riboflavin based Flavoproteins Metal Proteins with ions (Fe, S, Cu) Iron based Cytochromes (b,c1,c,a,a3) Ubiquiones based on Vit K (CoEnzyme Q)

ETC STEPS Electrons from NADH or FADH2 to flavoproteins (FMN)  H+ pumped into periplasm  Electrons transported 

 

To Iron-Sulfur proteins from NADH To CoQ (Ubiquinona) from FADH2

Cytochromes transfer electrons  Final Electron Acceptor 

 

O2 if Aerobic Other inorganic molecule if Anaerobic

ETC: CYTOCHROMES

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION 



Use of another compound than O2 as final electron acceptor in the ETC Examples 

Nitrate ion NO3-

[Pseudomonas, E coli, Bacillus]   



Sulfate ion SO4= to H2S 



NO2N2O N2 Methanogens

Carbonate ion CO3= to CH4 

Methanogens

OTHER CATABOLIC PROCESSES 

Lipid Glycerol  FA  Beta oxidation  Acetyl CoA 

ETC: NAD NADH + H+

Fermentación

Compuestos orgánicos

Quimiotrofos

Respiración Aerobia

Quimiorganotrofo

Respiración Anaerobia

Respiración Aerobia

Quimilitotrofo

Respiración Anaerobia

Fototrofos

Fotoheterotrofo Compuestos orgánicos

Fotoautotrofo