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HYDRONEPHROSIS is therefore not itself a separate disease, but rather a physical manifestation of the disease process that keeps urine from draining out of the kidneys, ureters and bladders. Disease associated with hydronephrisis include: •

ACUTE BILATERAL OBSTRUCTIVE UROPATHY - sudden blockage of the flow of urine from both kidneys, which can cause the back- up of urine and kidney injury

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CHRONIC BILATERAL OBSTRUCTIVE UROPATHY - involves prolonged or progressive blockage of flow of urine from both kidneys, causing kidney (renal) damage

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REFLUX NEPHROPATHY - condition in which damage to internal kidney structures occurs from the retrograde (backward) flow of urine into the kidney

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NEUROGENIC BLADDER - urinary problem in which there is abdominal emptying of the bladder with subsequent retention of incontinence of urine

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BLADDER OUTLET OBSTRUCTION - is at the base of the bladder and it reduces or prevents the flow of urine into the urethra

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UTEROPELVIC JUNCTION (UPJ) OBSTRUCTION - abnormal narrowing of the ureter at the level where the kidney pelvis and ureter meet