21-03-2019maximization Of Lpg.pptx

GUIDED BY Dr. ANTONY BERTIE MORAIS Head Of the Department Department of Petroleum Engineering RGCE

Dr. JAYACHANDRAN Assistant Professor Department of Petroleum Engineering RGCE

Presented by K.AJAY KUMAR(211915219004) J.ARUN(211915219011) K.ARAVIND(211915219009) I.ARUN KUMAR(211915219012)

INTRODUCTION A typical refinery distillation

process seperates crude oil into several fractions all of which requires secondary processing to meet the quality requirements.

NAPTHA  A flammable oil containing various

hydrocarbons , obtained by the dry distillation of organic substance such as coal, shale or petroleum.

TYPES OF NAPTHA  On basis of boiling point 1. 2.

Light Naptha (30*C – 90*C) Heavy Naptha (90*C – 200*C)

 On the basis of structure 1.

2.

Light Naptha ( 5-6 C atoms per molecule ) Heavy Naptha ( 7-9 C atoms per molecule)

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE To produce on specific LPG from the stabilizer feed. To supply treated light

straight run gasoline(LSRG)

LSRG to exchange unit for

the production of raw exchange. To supply untreated LSRG

and light straight run naptha(LSRN) to Catalytic reforming unit

BASIC PROCESS OF RECOVERY The recovery of LPG from

unstabilized naptha involves the seperation of C3 and C4 components.

In order to maximize the LPG

production the following parameters of stabilizers should be monitered on regular basis. The top and bottom

temperature.

The column pressure- low

pressure causes more propane and butane to escape into vapor state. The vapor draw.

Coupled with high energy

consumption and pumping cost a loss of nearly 20% of LPG in the off gas is observed in this method.

SCENARIOS OF MODIFICATION  The feasibility of retaining the existing

without any modifications.

 Feasibility of retaining the equipment with

slight modifications.

 If not possible to retain then the equipment

is replaced by a new equipment.

TARGET RECOVERY C3 recovery - 100 % (mole) iC4 recovery - 100 % (mole) nC4 recovery - 98 % (mole) iC5 recovery - 2% (mole) The impurity levels in distillate product of LPG stripper shall not be relaxed.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS

DENSITY  LPG at atmospheric pressure and

temperature is a gas which is 1.5- 2.0 times heavier than the air.  Readily liquified under moderate pressure.  Liquid density approximately ½ that of water.  LPG vapor is heavier than air

VAPOUR PRESSURE The pressure in the LPG storage

vessel is equal to the vapour pressure. Depends on temperature and

ratio of mixture of hydrocarbons.

FLAMMABILITY

 LPG has explosive range of 1.8% - 9.5%

volume of gas in air.

 The auto ignition temperature of LPG

is around 410 -580 deg.C .

 It won’t ignite on its own normal

temperature.

COMBUSTION LPG requires upto 50 times its

own volume of air for complete combustion. Proper ventilation is provide d

when LPG is burnt in enclosed in enclosed spaces .

ODOUR Has very faint smell.

Hence, Ethyl Mercaptan is added

to detect any leaks. Ethyl Mercaptan is poisonous, although they are not harmful in small quantities.

COLOUR

 LPG is colorless both in liquid and vapor

phase.  When leakage occurs, LPG cools the

water vapor in the air and the water vapor condenses into whitish fog.  The above reaction is a quick

identification to know that there is leakage.

TOXICITY  Although slightly toxic, its not

poisonous in vapor.  However large concentrations in air

could cause suffocations, due to displacement of oxygen in the air.  Has mild anaesthetic properties.

EXISTING PROCESS OFF GAS C1-C4

C3 -C4

CONDENSER

FEED C1 –C6

REBOILER BOTTOM C5 – C6

DISTILATE C3-C4

MODIFIED PROCESS OFF GAS C1-C4

CONDENSER C3 -C4

 REFLUX

DISTILATE C3-C4

FEED C1 –C6

REBOILER BOTTOM C5 – C6

CONCLUSION  Based on the suggestion, necessary on the operation

and the equipment to recover the LPG maximum extent are being done .  Off gas wastage is reduced from 20% - 5% and the LPG recovery is increased to 95%.  Since, LPG demand is more nowadays, this project enables us to recover more amount of LPG which is slipping along with off gas.  The product LPG is taken out as overhead product, hence the purity of the product is increased to 98%.

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