2006 Nov

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

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2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

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1

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

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pmrlrsm;ay;ykd &h ef # (303) Villapallet Bldg, 1 - 3 - 23 NishiSugamo, Toshima-ku, Tokyo170 – 0001 Japan

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2

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

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3

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

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4

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

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5

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

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xif±mS ;±Si;f vif;aeonfhtwGuf rSwcf sut f enf;i,fukd wkw d adk wmif;awmif;wifjyvkdygonf? vk+H cKHa&;aumifpDOuUX.vkyyf dkicf iG fhtm%mtwGi;f rS ,ae t h a&;w=uD;rJcq GJ ;kH jzwfay;&ef u|Ekfyw f kd h Tae&mukad &muf±Sd ae&jcif;rSm OuUXxH u|Eykf fwkd w h ifjyxm;aompmrsm;ukd bwf±jS_ cif;up&rnfjzpfygonf? pufwifbm 1 &ufae ph yGJ g OuUXxHvyd frx l m;onfhyxrpmuazmfjyxm;onfrmS “ tar&duefjynfaxmifpEk iS f hv+kH cKH a&;aumifpD0ifEdkifit H csKd honf tar&duefjynfaxmifpu k todtrSwjf yKxm;aom jrefrmEdik if (H Burma) ,cktrm;od jrefrmEdik fi(H Myanmar).,k, d iG ;f aeaomtjctaeonf tjynfjynfqkdi&f m+idr;f csr;f a&;ESifhwnf+idraf &;ukt d EW&m,fjyKaea=umif; todtrSwjf yKvsuf vk+H cKHa&;aumifpOD uUX. vkyyf idk fciG t fh m%mtwGi;f rS ,ae hta&;w=uD;rJcq GJ kH;jzwfay;&ef u|Ekfyw f dk h Tae&mukda&muf±aSd e&jcif;jzpfygonf? 2005 ck'ZD ifbmESi2fh 006 ckZeG v f wkd w h iG f ukvor*~vufaxmuftaxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rª;csKyf rpPwm *rfbm&D.wifjy csurf sm;wGif jrefrmEdik if w H iG f tvGefq;kd 0g;aom vlt h cGifhta&;ESifh Edkiif Ha&;tusO;f orm; 1100 ausmzf rf;qD;xde;f odr;f xm;jcif;/ jrefrmEdkiif Hr'S kuo Q nfrsm;xGucf Ggwrd ;f a±Smifae&jcif;/ rl;,pfaq;0g;ESift h w d cf st f dkiAf aDG ttkid f't D ufpaf &m*grsm;/ jynfyEdik if Hrsm;okpdh drx fh u G yf sHhEjSHh cif;rsm;tygt0ifvlrt _ ajctaersm;jzpfxGe;f aea=umif;azmfjyxm;ygonf? ,if;tajctae rsm;onf a'otwGi;f rwnf+idraf pr_&v'ftjzpf+cdrf;acsmufaeygonf? xkd t h wGuaf =umifh tar&duefjynfaxmifpu k todtrSwjf yKxm;aom jrefrmEdkiif (H Burma) ,cktrm;od jrefrmEdik fiH (Myanmar).tjctaeukd vk+H cKHa&;aumifp. D tpDtpOfwiG fxnfo h Gi;f &efESifh ukvor*~taxGaxGtawGi;f a&;rª;csKyf±;Hk rStxufwef;t&mt±dw S OD;OD;onf vk+H jcKHa&;aumifpDtpnf;ta0;wGif ,if;tajctaeESihf ,if;tajctaeonf t jynfjynfqikd &f m+idr;f csr;f a&;ESiv fh +kH jcKHa&;tay:oG,0f kdux f cd ku d af ea=umif;ukd tzGJ 0h ifEdkiif Hrsm;tm; w&m;0if±Si;f vif;wif jy&ef awmif;qkdygonf? OuUXcifAsm; ,ae ah e hpjGJ zifh aumifp. D OuUX.vkyyf kdicf Girhf t l & OuUXxHwifjyxm;aom 'kw, d pmwGi“f tar&duefjynf axmifpu k todtrSwjf yKxm;aom jrefrmEdkiif (H Burma) ,cktrm;od jrefrmEdik fi(H Myanmar).ta&;ESifhywfouf aom2006 ckpufwifbm 1 &ufae ph yGJ g u|Efyk . f pmESifh aumifpt D zGJ h0ifrsm;ESifh qufvufaqG;aEG;csurf sm;tjyif puf wifbmvtwGi;f 19 &ufae ah emufykdi;f Y tzGJ 0h ifEdkiif Hrsm;od±o Sd abmaygu&f ef rpPwm*rfbm&Du jrefrmEdik fi. H tajc taeESifhtaetxm;ESifh taxGtaxGtwGi;f a&;rª;csKyf.aumif;rGeaf omuk, d pf m;vS,f.c&D;pOf ±Si;f vif;wifjyEdik af &;t wGuf jrefrmEdik fiH.tajctae[lonfh acgi;f pOfjzifhtpDtpOfw&yftjzpf vk+H cKHa&;aumifpDtpnf;ta0;wGif xnfo h Gi;f usi;f yay;yg&ef u|Efkyt f av;teufawmif;qkdygonf? xkpd mukd vk+H cKHa&;aumifp. D rSww f rf;tjzpf OuUX.jzef ah 0jcif;ukd u|Eakf v;pm;or_jyKygonf? yxryg±eS fyifv,fauG ph pfyaGJ =umifh 'kuo Q nfrsm;xGucf Ggajy;&jcif;ta=umif;rsm;ESifyh wfoufIcsrSwcf Jah omqk;H jzwfcsuf 688(1991)ygpmykd'rf sm;t& xkjd zpf&yfrsm;onf tjynfjynfqkid f&m +idrf;csr;f a&;ESifh vk+H cKHa&;ukx d dyg;jcdr;f acsmufae a=umif; txifu&ay:vGiaf eygonf? ,ckjrefrmEdkifiv H nf; xkd t h wljzpfaeygonf? vk+H cKHa&;aumifprD S rJcq JG ;Hk jzwf

trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

6

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

jcif;rSm ta&;ygaomtvkyjf zpfaprnfv h kyx f k;H vkeef nf;wckjzpfygonf? aumifpDwiG fyg0ifow l kid ;f ukd qk;H jzwfcsuu f kd axmufcyH g&ef u|Eyfk fwu kd fweG ;f tyfygonf? OuUX/ ? ,ck oHtrwf rpPwmbkv d w f ef bwf=um;oGm;aom 2006 ckpufwifbm 15 &ufae ph jJG zifh tar&duef jynfaxmifpu k kd,fpm;vS,rf S vk+H cKHa&;aumifpDOuUXxHay;ykd o h nfh pmygta=umif;t&mrsm;yg±adS omrSwfwrf; S/2006/742 ukd tzGJ h0ifrsm; tm±kHxm;yg&efarwWm&yfcHygonf? Tta=umif;t&mukd vk+H cKHa&;aumifp. D ,m,DtpDtpOfwiG f xnfo h iG ;f a&;ESifyh wfoufI4if;/ w±kwfEiS fhumwmEdik if H uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;.rSwcf sufrsm;ESifhpyfvsO;f I4if;/ ,m,DtpOtpOf(S/Agenda/5526)ukrd Jcq JG ;kH jzwf&ef u|Ekfyt f qkjd yK ygonf? ,ckyifrJcq JG ;kH jzwf&ef u|Efkyw f ifjyjyKvkyyf grnf?

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OuUX/ ? rSww f rf;(S/2006/742)yg tar&duefu, kd fpm;vS,. f “jrefrmEdik if Htajctae”acgi;f pOf±t Sd pDtpOftm; pufwifbm 19 &ufae ah emufydki;f wGiv f k+H cKHa&;aumifpDtpnf;ta0;w&yfac:,laqG;aEG;a&; awmif;qkrd _udk vku d af vsm &eftwGuf aumifpDtzGJ 0h ifrsm;ESifhwikd fyif!EdS di_ ;f +yD;aemuf xkt d pDtpOfudk aqG;aEG;Edik =f u&ef tpnf;ta0; usi;f yEdki&f ef u|Efkypf pD Ofrnfjzpfygonf? ,ckavmavmq,fY aumifpw D Giftjcm;aqG;aEG;p&mr±daS o;yg? tpnf;ta0;ud rGe;f vGJ 1;50 wGif±w k o f dr;f vku d yf gonf? (unofficial translation) ÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚ

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7

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

jrefrmjynfw0Sr;f c&D;wGupf Of “bma=umif'h Dru dk a&pDudkvcdk siyf govJ”vdk jh ynfov l lxkudk u|erf ar;cJyh gw,f//tawmfrsm;rsm;ajz=uwmuawmh “vGwv f yfcsiv f dk yh g” wJ/h / olwdk ah wG[m ÉDumcshJ ajymae=uwmr[kwyf gb;l // olwk²d bmudkqdkvdkw,fqdw k m u|erf oabmayguyf gw,f// olwdk &h JhuH =urRmudk olwdk hudk,w f idk rf zefw;D Edik af tmif zdEydS cf pH m;ae r_rsK;d r&Sw d Jh b0rsK;d eJ ah exdik cf si=f uygw,f// jynfolvlx[ k m olwdk &h J ah e hpOfb0udk vufeufprG ;f tm;udktajcjyKwJh tm%mydik af wG&J h trdef h awGeJ ph dwfwidk ;f ustyk cf sKyfcaH e&wmrsK;d udk rvdkvm;=uygbl;// vGwfvyfr_qdkwm bmud&k nf!$e;f ygovJvdk h vli,fawGudkar;=unfhwJhtcg olwdk h&J ph dwfwGi;f &SdwmawGudkvGwfvyfpGm ajymcsifwmyg vdk h ajz=uygw,f// olwdk h&J h Om%fpGr;f &nfukd pdefac: jcif;r&SdwJh ynma&;pHepfudkrauseyfwmawG ajymEdik pf rG ;f &Sdbdk h olwdk v h v dk m;=uygw,f// olwdk [ h m aqG;aEG;Edik pf Gr;f / a0befEidk pf rG ;f / jiif;ckEH idk pf rG ;f &Sv d dk =uw,f? axmifaygi;f rsm;pGm aomif;aygi;f rsm;pGm pka0;+yD;vnf; olwdk h[moDcsi;f qdv k d=k uw,f/ atmf[pfv=dk uw,f/ 0rf;omt,fvJ[pfa=uG;vd=k uygw,f// jrefrmvli,fawG[m olwdk &h J Eh yk sKrd _prG ;f tm;awGudk vli,fbm0&J h ajrmfvifch surf sm; tH=obG,&f mrsm;jzpf=uwJ rh a&&m prf;w0g;taet xm;rsm;-Edik v f dkrif;xufp&dkuf-pdwfu;l ,Ofr_rsm;-xufjrufx;l c|erf _rsm;-awmfvSecf sipf w d frsm; cufx a&mf=urf; wrf;r_rsm;-El;!Hhodraf rG rh _rsm;rSm usiv f nfusufpm;vd=k uygw,f// jrefrmEdik if rH S trsK;d orD;rsm;uaum bm awmifw h =uygovJ// tdraf xmifwckudk yif;yef;=uD;apwJh ukeaf ps;E_e;f jrifhrm;jcif;&ufpufr_rS vGwaf jrmufv=dk uw,fvdk h u|erf udkajymjy=uygw,f// olwdk &h J h cifyeG f;onfawGvw G fvyfpmG awG;ac:jcif;a=umifh jypf'%fc&H rSmawG olwdk h&J &h ifaoG;rsm; b0rSm tcGifh ta&;r&rSmawGuydk yl efaomu a&muf&jcif;rSm vGwaf jrmufv=dk uw,fvdk hvnf;qd=k uygw,f// trsK;d orD;ajrmufjrm;pGm[molwdk hro d m;pkuadk xmufyEHh idk b f dk h olwdk &h J h cE<mudk,rf sm;udak &mif;cs&jcif; rS vGwaf jrmufbdk h tvGet f rif;ajrmfvifh awmifhw=uygw,f// u|erf awGc&Jh wJh awmifolv,form;rsm;uawmh olwdk hqENt& xGef,ufpu dk fysK;d vd=k uygw,f/ &ufpufpmG rwefwq EdrS x f m;wJah ps;eJ t h yk cf sKyfoal wGut dk wif;tusyaf &mif;cs&wJh taESmuf t,Surf &Sb d J olwdk t h vdt k us aps;uGufwifa&mif;vd=k uygw,f// awmifoOl ;D =uD;wdk [ h m olwdk &h J h

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8

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

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trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

9

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

jzifh tem*wfuadk v#mufvrS f;=uwm/ pdeaf ac:r_ tm;vk;H twGuf olwdk &h J hpw d "f mwf=uG,f0jyif;jyr_awG eJ h &ifqdik =f uwmawGudkvnf;jrifvydk gw,f// “Edik if u H cdk spcf Jhoal wG/ aexdik o f mG ;cJhoal wG/ toufpeG f hoGm;cJo h al wG&J h tbd;k wefwJ Eh dkiif t H jzpf bd;k bGm; tarGtESpt f aeeJ h *k%f,El idk fa=umif;” ajymEdik pf rG ;f &Sb d dk hudkvnf; u|efrajrmfvifyh gw,f// 'gawG[m tdrrf ufr[kwfyg// u|erf wdk h ESpaf ygi;f rsm;pGm =udK;yrf;aqmif&Guaf ecJ=h uwJh vufawG t h rSew f &m;yg// jynforl sm;&J hqEN[m aemufq;kH rSm atmifycGJ &H r,f vkd h u|erf wdk &h J , h =kH unfcsuaf wGxrJ mS pG+J rJc, H l xm;ygw,f// (2003 ckEpS rf wfv 9 &ufae x h w k f Parade r*~Zif;rSa':atmifqef;pk=unf. All we want is our Freedom udq k aD vsmaf tmif bmomjyefqydk gonf// ) 2003 rwfv 14

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10

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

11

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

pmrsuEf mS 13 rS

trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

12

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

pmrsuEf mS 12 okd h

13

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

14

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

15

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

16

2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

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2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

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2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

tydik ;f (5) usaemfwdk@vnf;ausmif;om;v_y&f Sm;r_ ausmif;om;or*~&ŒJ xl;jcm;csuaf wGudk usaemfwdk@ avhvmcJ=h uovdk acwftvdu k f ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_awG ol@acwfeJ@ol usaemfwdk@ cG+J yD; avhvmcJ=h u+yD? +yD;cJhwt hJ ydki;f rSmqkd&if usaemfwdk@ ausmif;om;eJ@ vlxk pnf;vH;k nD!Gwcf =Jh uwJh (1988)u tjzpftysufukd tao;pdwf =unfch J=h u+yD? 'D (1988)ckEpS f ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_&ŒJ xl;jcm;wJh tusKd ;qufw&yfuawmh ausmif;om;Ekid fiaH &; ygwDawG eJ@ ausmif;om; wyfrawmfw&yfay:vmwmvdk@ qk&d r,f? tJ'w D ek ;f u ausmif;om;ygwD av;ig;ygwaD vmuf ay:aygucf w hJ muawmh wu,fudk xl;jcm;ygw,f? tJ'D ausmif;om;ygwD awGxJrmS awmfawmf xif&Sm;+yD; 'Dae@txd Ekdiif jH yifyrSm qufvuf+yD;&Sad ewJh ygwu D awmh vl@abmifopf'rD kdu&ufwpfygwDAs? ausmif;om;awG bma=umifyh gwx D al xmif jzpfc=Jh uw,fqw kd mudk tJ'yD gwD p+yD;xlaxmifcJw h Jh udrk ;dk oD;ZGeu f dk usaemfar;=unfx h m;ygw,f? “ppfwyfu tm%modr;f oGm;awmh usaemfw@kd ausmif;om;or*~acgi;f aqmifawG usaemfwdk@ xdik +f yD; pnf;a0; qH;k jzwf=uw,f? wcsKd @u ausmif;om;or*~rmS qufvufwm0ef,lr,f? wcsd@u Ekid fiaH &;ygwD wnfaxmifr,f? wcsKd @ uawmh vufeufuidk f awmfvSefa&;udk oGm;r,f tJ'v D rdk sKd ; usaemfw@dk qH;k jzwfc=Jh uygw,f? tJwke;f uawmh usaemfwdk@ [dk vl@abmifopf'rD dku&ufwpfygwDukd wnfaxmifygw,f? usaemfw@kd wnfaxmifcw Jh Jh vl@abmifopfygwD[m ausmif; om;acgi;f aqmifawGtwGuf wcsed frmS tem*wfEikd fiaH &;e,fy,fxJukd wufvSr;f Ekid fatmif &nf&, G fcsuef @J usaemfwd@k wnfaxmifxm;wmyg? tJ'w D ek ;f u ausmif;om;or*~ukd w&m;0if wnfaxmifcGifhray;bl; cifAs? tJawmh ray;wJht wGuf ygwaD wGtay:rSm tJ'w D ke;f u usaemfwdk@ ajymwJh pum;u (Above ground) aygh ajray:udk wuf+yD;awmh us aemfwdk@ 'Dru dk a&pDabmiftxJu pepfwus [kwfvm; +idr;f csr;f pGmv_y&f mS ;Ekid zf dk@twGuf pifav;wpfckudk aqmufwm/ tajctaeuav; wpfckudk zefw;D wm” oluawmh vl@abmifopf'Dru dk &ufwpfygwu D kd yxrqH;k wnfaxmifcJhwJh ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifudrk ;dk oD;ZGef aemuf+yD; ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_&ŒJ xif&mS ;wJh vuQ%m&yfqdkwmu +idr;f csr;f pGm awmif;qkw d ku d yf 0GJ ifw,fqkd wJt h csuf r[kwfvm;? 'gayr,fh (88) ckESpaf emufydki;f rSmawmh ausmifom;awG awmfawmfrsm;rsm;pk+yD; e,fpyfwae&m rSm vufeufudik fwyfrawmfw&yf xlaxmifcJ=h uao;w,f? ausmif;om;awG bmvd@k vufeufuikd fvm=uwmvJ qkw d m udv k nf; usaemfar;=unhx f m;ygao;w,f? udo k cH [ J m jrefrmEkdiif v H ;kH qkid &f m ausmif;om;rsm; 'Dru dk &ufwpfwyfO;D (ru'w)ac: (ABSDF)&JŒ OuUXyg? “1988 'Drdkua&pDta&;awmfy}Hk uD;aemufykdi;f rSm usaemfw@kd ausmif;om;jynfol Ekid fiHa&; v_yf&mS ;ol awmf awmfrsm;rsm;[m e0w ppfacgi;f aqmifawG&ŒJ zdESyd fru _ dk tjyif;txefcH&ygw,f? tJvt dk ajctaeatmufrmS usaemfwdk@ wawG[m usaemfwdk@ wkdi;f jynf&ŒJ pepfudk ajymif;vJzdk@ 'Drkdua&pDe@J vl@tcGit fh a&;&&Szd dk@ usaemfwkd@ wdik ;f jynfrmS jzpfaewJh jy\emawGudk ajz&Si;f Ekdizf kd@twGuf wkid ;f &if;om; e,fajrawGukd a&muf&dS&if; wkdi;f &if;om;e,fajrawGrSm usaemfwkd@ (ABSDF) ukdpwifzGJ@pnf;cJjh zpfygw,f? 'Dae&mrSm usaemfw@kd awG taeeJ@ Ekid if aH &;wku d yf aGJ wG ppfa&;wku d yf aGJ wG oHw refa&;wdu k fyaGJ wGu jrefrmh'Dru dk a&pD&&Sad &; v_yf&mS ;r_rmS tifrwefvkdtyfae+yDvk@d usaemfw@kd ,lq&if;eJ@ usaemfwdk@ +idr;f +idr;f csr;f csr;f awG@qaHk qG;aEG;vdk@ r&Ekid fwt Jh ajctae/ usaemfw@dk vdkcsifwhJ Ekid fiaH &;/ vl@tcGit fh a&;/ 'Drkdua&pDa&; pwJ[ h m

trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr)*syefXmecGJrx S kwfa0onf

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awGudk aumif;aumif;rGerf Geef J@ awmif;qkv d dk@ r&awmhwt Jh ajctaerSm usaemfw@kd vufeufuikd f Ekdiif aH &; vrf;pOfudk us aemfwdk@ a&G;cJh&jcif;jzpfygw,f” (ABSDF) OuUX udo k HcaJ jymjyoGm;wmyg? (ABSDF)uvnf; xkdi;f jrefrme,fpyfrmS 'Dae@txdquf+yD; v_y&f mS ;aewke;f ayg?h jynfwGi;f rSmvnf;ausmif;om;v_y&f Sm;r_awG[m (1996)ck umvavmuftxd tqufrjywfay:aygucf J=h uyg w,f? (1996)ckESpf rSm pufr_wuUov dk f ausmif;om;awGe@J &aJ wG apmfbmG ;}uD;uke;f ta0;ajy; um;*dwfxrJ mS &efjzpf=u &mu pwifcJw h Jh v_yf&mS ;r_wckuawmh &efuek òf rd@ay:u wuUov dk faumvdyt f m;vH;k txd ysŒH ES@H omG ;cJhygw,f? tJ'D ausmif;om;v_y&f Sm;r_&ŒJ xl;jcm;csuef J@ ywfoufvdk@awmh uk, d fwidk f OD;aqmifyg0ifcw hJ hJ pufrw _ uUov kd f ausmif;om; udak tmifr;dk 0if;u 'Dvadk jymjycJhygw,f? “(96)rSm usaemf pdwt f v_y&f mS ;qHk;u ajym&r,fqkd&if rsKd ;qufopfawG&ŒJ wkef@jyefr_ rsdK;qufopfawG[m 'D (88)rsKd ;qufawGudk =unh+f yD;awmh olwdk@ wuUodkvw f ufaewJh acwf}uD;wpfcv k ;kH rSm óuHae&wJo h rdik ;f udk olwdk@xrf;csif wJ[ h m&Sw d ,f? ausmif;om;or*~udk awmif;qkad &;qkw d Jh rlay:uae ausmif;om;xktcGifhta&; umuG,af &;qkw d Jh rlawG ay:uae olwdk@ ordik ;f wpfcv k H;k udk jzwfcsiaf ewJh xl;jcm; csuw f pfckukd oGm;awG@&w,f? usaemfwd@k rmS usaemfw@kd buf jywfjywfom;om; &yfwnf&r,fqv dk dk@ orkid ;f pOfwpfavsmufv;kH jyef=unhf awmh ausmif;om;or*~ wpfcky&J Scd Jhw,f? 'ga=umifh usaemfwdk@u 'DZifbmv_y&f mS ;r_rmS 'Djy\emawG wufwmawG ausmif;om;xk tcGifh ta&;awG tukef qH;k ±_;H aewJh udpaP wG ynma&; usaemfwdk@ epfemaewJh udpaP wG tukefv;kH u ausmif;om;or*~ r&Sdvdk@jzpfwm? tJ'adD wmh usaemfwdk@u ausmif;om;or*~&v Sd mrS 'Djy\emawG tukev f ;kH ajz&Si;f Ekdirf ,f qk+d yD;awmh usaemfw@kd u ausmif;om; or*~ zGJ@pnf;a&;udk p+yD;awmh wifwmjzpfw,f” 'guawmh ukad tmifr;dk 0if;u 1996 ckESpu f ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_&ŒJ xl;jcm;csuaf wGudk ajymjyoGm;wmyg? (1996)ckEpS ftxd ausmif;om;v_yf&mS ;r_u óud;=um;óud;=um;&Scd ahJ yr,fh tJ'aD emufyidk ;f rSmqk&d ifawmh rawG@& oavmufawmif jzpfomG ;cJ+h yDAsaemf? usaemfwdk@u ausmif;om;awG&JŒ tpOftvm/ ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_ orkdi;f pOf/ or*~&ŒJ u¾qkdwmawGudk avhvmaecJh =uwmqkad wmh 'Duae@acwf ausmif;om;vli,fawGua&m tJ't D pOftvm awGudk b,favmufrsm; od=uygovJ? &efuek fu wuUov kd f ausmif;om;vli,f wcsKd Œudk usaemfar;=unhw f JhtcgrmS awmh æ “tm ausmif;om;or*~qw kd m usaemf rodb;l cifAs? [d[ k m usaemfw@kd t&G,af &mufvm+yDqu kd wnf;u ausmif;om;or*~awG bmawGqw kd mvnf r=um;vnf;r=um;bl;cifAs? rodvnf;rodb;l cifAs/ [d;k t&ifwek ;f u &Scd Jhz;l w,fvdk@ =um;zl;w,fcifAs/ enf;enf;yg;yg;yJ =um;zl;em;0 &Sw d myg/ 'Dvdk tckavmavmq,f ausmif;awGxrJ mS qkd&if tcef;xJrmS uGefysLwmavmufyJ &Sw d ,fcifAs/ [d;k ausmif;om; or*~vkd@ ajymvkdu&f ifawmh aumif;vmr,fxifw,f cifAs” “Jt'J Dta=umif;eJ@ ywfouf+yD;awmh orD;u odyfrodb;l ? tif; =um;awmh =um;zl;w,f 'gayr,fh bmt a=umif;qkw d mawmh rodb;l ? ausmif;om;wpfa,mufu bmvky&f rvJ pmvkyf&r,f/ tJ'gyJow d ,f” “ausmif;om;or*~qw kd mudak wmh wpfcgwpfavawmh =um;zl;w,fcifAs? ausmif;awGrmS awmh zGJ@pnf;wm awmhr&Sb d ;l aygh? ajym&r,fqk&d ifawmh ausmif;om;or*~e@J qufpyf+yD;awmh usaemfwdk@ oli,fcsi;f awG =um;xJrmS awmh ajymwmawmh r=um;bl; cifAs/ &S&d ifvnf; &Sv d drfhr,fayg”h 'Dvil ,fawG[m jrefrmjynfu ausmif;om;xk}uD;wpfckv;kH ukd ud, k fpm;ðywm r[kwfayrJv h nf; olwdk@vykd J rod=uolawGuawmh trsm;}uD;&SdaeEkdiyf gw,f? 'Dawmh tpOftvm}uD;cJw h ,fqw dk hJ ausmif;om;awG 'Dae@acwfrmS +idro f mG ;=u+yDvm;? tJ'u D dpu P dk aqG;aEG;Ekdizf dk@awmh ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_xu J dk xJx0J if0if jzwfoef;cJhz;l olawGjzpf=uwJh (8)av;vH;k rsKd ;qufausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifwOD;jzpfwJh udrk if;aZ,s/ xkid ;f Ekid fit H ajcpdkuf (NDD)'Dru dk a&pDeJ@ zGH@òzd;wd;k

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wufa&;tiftm;pk&ŒJ OuUX rcifOrRm ESifh (70)jynfv h eG f ausmif;om; v_y&f mS ;r_acgi;f aqmif OD;atmifapmOD;wdk@udk zdwaf c:xm;ygw,f? yxrOD;qH;k udrk if;aZ,sudk ar;yg&ap? 'Duae@ ausmif;om;v_yf&mS ;r_awGu vH;k 0aysmufomG ;+yDvm;? “jrefrmEdik firH mS &SdwJh ausmif;om;awG&ŒJ ausmif;om;pdw"f gwfe@J ausmif;om;v_y&f Sm;r_[m b,fwke;f urS raysmufu, G fcJhygb;l ? tckvnf;raysmufu, G b f ;l ? aemifvnf; aysmufu, G frmS r[kwfb;l ? bmjzpfvdk@vJqakd wmh usaemf wdk@ ausmif;om;awG&ŒJ t"du cHpm;r_u trsKd ;om;a&;vdt k yfcsuaf wGayhgAsm? 'Dtay:rSm usaemfwdk@ t+rJwrf;jznfq h nf; ay;ae&r,fqkdwJh cHpm;csufeJ@ v_yf&Sm;r_u t+rJwrf;&Sd aewmyg/ [dw k ae@uygyJ yJc;l aumvdyu f ausmif;om;ausmif;ol (7) a,mufawmif tzrf;cH&ao;w,fAsm/ pm&Gupf mwrf;jzef@v@kd aygh aemf” [kwu f Jh 'gayr,fh wu,fv h ufawG@rmS awmh ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_[m tqufjywfovdjk zpfaecJ+h yDayghaemf/ (1996)ckEpS f aemuf ydki;f uaep+yD; tHek J@usi;f eJ@ v_y&f Sm;r_rsKd ;qkw d mu rawG@&oavmufyJayg?h tJawmh 'Dar;cGef;udak wmh usaemf OD;atmifapmOD;udk ar;csifygw,f? ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_awG tckvdk +idro f ufomG ;&wm bma=umifv h dk@xifygovJ? “'Duae@umvrSmawmh ppftyk fpkbufuae olw@dk &ŒJ zdEdSrn f ‡i;f yef;r_awG jyif;xefaewJt h wGuf tcku d ftwef@ tm;jzifh +idro f mG ; wmjzpfygw,f? 'gu bufwpfbufyjJ zpfygw,f? 'Duae@vufawG@rmS ausmif;om;awGu olwdk@&ŒJ ynmoif=um;cGifhawG qH;k ±H;_ aew,f? olwdk@ ynma&;awG&ŒJ tmrcHcsurf &Sb d ;l jzpfw,f? ol@ rdbawGeJ@twl wkdi;f jynf&ŒJ Ekid fiaH &;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ vlra_ &;t=uyftwnf;awGudk aygi;f +yD; &ifqkid af e&wmjzpfayr,fhv@dk wpfcsed fcsed frmS ausmif;om;v_yf &Sm;r_qw kd m ta=umif;aygi;f wku d fqikd w f Jt h cgrmS ay:ayguv f mp+rJ yJ? ppftkypf ak wGu ausmif;om;awG rpkpnf;Ekid f atmifvdk@aemf ae&mawG tkypf ak wGudk cG+J yD;awmh v$wv f dkuaf yr,fh ausmif;om;awGu a&muf&mt&yfrmS &Gufusyif ayguv f dkyJ xaygu+f yD;awmhrS wcsdecf sed rf mS }uD;rm;wJh v_y&f mS ;r_ ay:vmvdrrfh ,fvdk@ usaemfuawmh oH;k oyfygw,f” [kwu f cJh ifAs wpfcsed cf sderf mS ay:vmr,fvkd@ oH;k oyfayr,fh tckvuf&dStajctaerSmayghaemf ausmif;om;xk =um;xJrmS yJ olwdk@&ŒJ &yfwnfa&;/ olwdk@&ŒJ b0wk;d wufa&;yJ vkyaf e&wmawGrsm;wJhtcg=uawmh olwdk@[m Ekid if aH &; v_y&f mS ;r_rmS pdwfygru _ enf;vmw,f? Ekid fiaH &;t& trsKd ;om;a&;v_y&f mS ;r_ wpfckckudk olwdk@ vkyfzkd@vt kd yfw,fvdk@ cH,l olawGuaum b,favmufrsm; &SdEikd fygovJ? “tJ'u D ae@ usaemfvufvSr;f rDoavmuf vli,fawmfawmfrsm;rsm;u usaemfw@kd xifwmxufwmawmifrS olwdk@awG }udw+f yD;awmh avhvmaewmawG jzpfw,f? Ekdiif aH &;pmayawGudk qnf;yl;ae=uwmjzpfw,f? aemuf awG@óuH jzwfoef;cJh&wJh yk*K~d vfawGqDrmS olwdk@ pmtkyaf wGxrJ mS r&Ekid fwhJ b0tawG@tóuHawGukd vkdkuv f aH r;jref;aewm awGjzpfwt Jh wGuf aemuf olwdk@ uk, d w f dik o f nfyifvsif tem*wfrmS wdk@vli,fawGyJ OD;aqmif&r,fqkdwJh todpw d f "gwaf wGu olwdk@txJrmS &Sad e=uwmjzpfwJhtwGuf 'Dppftm%m&Sifpepfudk zsuo f dr;f ypfzdk@twGuf wdk@ausmif;om;awG rSm jynfoal wGeJ@twl wm0ef&Sw d ,f jynfoal wGeJ@twl vufww JG dkuyf JG0if&r,fqw dk hJ todawGu olw@kd rSm&Sad ewmjzpf ygw,f” tckawmh usaemf rcifOrRmudk ar;csiyf gw,f cifAs? rcifOrRmu (1988) ckEpS f ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_rmS OD; aqmifygc+Jh yD;wJah emuf e,fpyfudkxGuv f mcJ+h yD; 'Dru kd a&pDe@J zG@J òzd;wd;k wufa&;tiftm;pk (NDD)&JŒ OuUXtjzpf tckvuf &Sd wm0efxrf;aqmifaeolyg? rcifOrRm wkd@vkd jynfya&muftzG@J tpnf;awGua&mcifAs jynfwiG ;f ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ; r_ukd b,ftaxmuftyHah wGrsm;ay;cJyh govJ? ay;aeygovJ? “(88/ 96) 'Dvrkd sKd ;tcsed frmS yifrEdik fiaH &;eJ@ trsKd ;om;Ekid fiaH &; a&pD;a=umif;rSm ygEkid fcw hJ Jhtaetxm;awG &So d vdrk sKd ; usrxifw,f tckvuf&u Sd mvrSmvnf; pD;yGm;a&;/ vlra_ &; b0awGxrJ mS vli,fawGu ±ke;f &if;/ uef&if;eJ@ ol wdk@&ŒJ um,/ ^mm% pGr;f tm;awGudk wwfEkdio f r#vrf;zGihf&if; óud;pm;aew,fvdk@ usr'Dvdk cHpm;&w,f? usrwkd@taeeJ@ vnf; wwfEkdio f r# 'De,fpyfuae +yD;awmh jyifyuae+yD;awmh 'DvkdtodynmawGukd uk, d v f nf;&zdk@twGuf óud;pm; w,f? ud, k v f nf;jyef+yD; r#Edkizf dk@ jzef@Eidk fzkd@ óud;pm;&if;eJ@ usrwd@k &ŒJ 'Dtem*wfausmif;om;vli,fawGu ol@rsm; 'Dru dk a&

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2006 Ed0k ifbm 15

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