$100million Civil Rights Lawsuit On Appeal

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DATQ

13 Appellant, ) 14 vs. ) No.C08-cv-05501-RBL 15 (1)TheStateofWyoming; ) 16 (2)TheStateofWasbington; j7 (3)DaveFmudenthal,Governorofthe 1g StateofWyoming; Appellants'InformalBrief 19 (4)Christine0.Gregoire,Governorof 20 theStateofWashinlon; 21 (5)RichàrdC.Bohling,Prosecutingapd 22 AttorneyforAlbanyCounty,Sta- of 23 Wyoming; ) 24 (6)GwendolynK.Smith,PoliceOmcer,) 25 LaramiePoliceDepartment,Cityof ) 26 Laramie,StateofWyoming; ) 27 (7)A.Jœ Hagemm AttomeynndCity ) 28 councilMember,CityofImmmie,State) ofWyoming; ) (8)CityCouncil,TheCityofLaramie, ) CoutyofAlbany,StateofWyoming; ) (9)CountyBoardofCommimsionem,' l* hel CountyofAlbany,StateofWyoming; ) (10)SecondJudidalCirmtitCourt, ) CountyofAlbany,StateofWyoling; ) (11)LaramiePoliceDepartment,Cityof) Lammie#Wyoming; ) (12)AlbanyCountySheeiœs ) Department,CountyofAlbany,Stateof) Wyoming; ) (13)BatlleGroundPohceDepartment,) CityofBattleGround,Stateot ) Washington; ) (14)ClarkCountySheei #sDepartment) C-o-unt ofClrk,StateofWashington; ) 1

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1 (15)OGœ oftheClarkCounty ) 2 Piosec'utingAttorney,CountyofClark,) 3 StateofWashington; ) 4 (16)DistrictCourt,CountyofClark, ) 5 StateofWashington; ) 6 (17)SumriorCourt,CountyofClark ) 7 stateofWashington; ) 8 (18)CountyBoardofColmissioners, ) 9 countyofclark StateofWashington; ) 1 l,TheCityofBattle ) 10 1 (19)CityCounci, 12 Ground,SuteofWas. n; ) 13 (20)Wash.ngtonStatePatrol,Stateof ) 14 Washington; ) 15 (21)LaramiePlainsCommunityFederal) 16 CreditUnion; ) 17 (aa)Tmnavn, 'eBoomewmg; ) 1g (23)CasperStar-Tribune,Casper, ) 19 Wyoming; ) 20 (24)NewsCozwration; ) 21 (25)MediG ewsGroup; ) 22 (26)TheAe 'aodPress; ) 23 (27)AehutDaWdCurtis,Proo or, ) 24 Clarkoounty,Washsngton; ) 25 (28)DoeOneBattleGrotmdPolice ) 26 ArrestingOocer,May1,2006; ) 27 (29)Dœ w oBattleGmxmdPoliœ ) 28 A- stingOœcer,May1,2006; ) (30)DoeThreeBattleGroundPolice ) ArrestingOocer,June13,2008; ) (31)DoeFourBattleGroundPolice ) Armstmg ' Omœr,JuneI3,2*8, ) Defendants-Appellees.)

1. JURISDICTION.(28U.S.C.91291) a. TimelinessofAppealorPetitioq:

(i)Dateofentryofjudgmentororderofdistric' tcourt:(1)Dkt.#96:January6, (2)Dkt.#98:Januazy12,20099and(3)Dkt. #111:Februal' y4,2009. (ii) Datenoticeofappealorpetitionsled:February5,2*9 b. ExœrptsofRecordAttachedToBriec z

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2 (1)DistridCourtDkt.#96:ORDERgrantmg ' 50MotiontoDismisswithout 3 prejudice;granting68MotiontoDismiss;granting88MotiontoDismisswithout 4 prejudice;granting90MotiontoDismisswithoutprejudice;granting92Motionto 5 Dismisswithprejudice;granting93MotiontoDismisswithoutprejudice;finding 6 7 mxt94MouonforsummaeyJudgment.plnintiœsclnimsnm DT- RSED 8 m rrHotn.Pu qnmlcl,siwedbyJudgewmnldB.>ighhm.(DN)(Entered:

9 01/n6ap09); 1 (2)DistridCourtDkt.#98:JIJDGMENTBYCOURT(JAB),Dkt.#97 10 1 12 (Entemd:01/12/2*9);and 1 3 (3)DistrictCourtDkt.#111:ORDERDENYWGFRCPRule59(e)MOTION 14

15 FORRECONSIDERATION TOALTER OR AMENDJUDGMENT,Case3:08'cv' 16 05501'RBL,FiledFebmzary4,2009. 17 18 2. Whatarethefactsofyourca-? 19

20

a. DuringAugust1998,CongressenactedtheWorvorcelnvestmentAd

26 2 27 8

workforceinvestmentactivities,throughstatewideandlocalworkforce inveementsystems,thatincmn- theemplom enkmtenhom and earningsofpartidpants,an4inceasetc upata 'onalskillattainmentby participants,and,asareset,improvethequalityoftheworkforce, reducewelfaredependencx andenhancetheproductivityand competitivenessoftheNation.

21 of1998,PublicLaw 105-220(Aug.7,1998),Title29U.S.C.j2801,etseq.CWIA'' ). 22 23 b. Conm ssionnlpolicywasRtforthinj2811as: 24 25 Thepurposeofthissubtitle(29USCSSb2811etseq. listoprovide

c. ToimplementtheFederalWJA theStaoofWyomingèreaodthe DepartmentofWorkforceServiœs(DWS)undertheExecutiveBranchofthe

GovernorpursuanttoWyo.stat.9'2'2018.Dutiesandresponsibilitieswere forunderWyo.stat.9'2'2601. d. ToadminiAterthefederalfnndsbeingpmvidedh)theStateunderthe WIA,theStateofWyomingestablishedtheWorkfomeDevelopmentTminingFund

(m 7TF)u derWyo.stat.9'2'2604.

e. TheWDTFb- meatœlfortheDWStopnenerwithWyoming's

'economicdeveloppententitiesin(Drecruitmentofnewbue essestothestate; (2)businessexpnnmionwithintheState-theovemllgoalandpolicybeingtomake greaterihebeneftsofchoosingWyomingoveranotherstate. 3

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1 2 f. Wyoming'sBusinessO iningGmne fornewposidonsprovide 3 between$1,000andamaimum of$4,000pertraineeperfscalyear,dependingon 4 theemployee'sfull'timestatusandwageamount. 5 6 g. Gmntsfornewposihonsoer:(1)Ahigher'fnndingh-mz -tpertmA -nee 7

8 forjobsthatpayhigherwages;(2)Fewerrestridionsoneligibletmining;and(3)

9 Fewerrestrictionsonallowablecosts. 10 h. Foreachstatefscalyear,atrai 1 1 neemayonlyreceivethefollowing:(1)

. . 12 $1,000pertmme eworkinglessthsm35hmm perweekiQ)$2,0* pertmme e 13 working35ormorehomsperweek;or(3)$4,000pertmA .neewh oR wagesareequa .

14 15 j6 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

toorgreaterthanthemeanhourlywagebycounty,asdetermznedbytheU.S. DepartmentofLabor,BureauofLaborStatistics.EmployeesofEventsWorldWide, Inc.werepaidattheMgherFederalandStatewagerates. i. TheStateofWyomingrequim apphcationsorcombinationsof applicationsforthesamebusinesswhichtotal$25,000ormoretoobtainthe concurrenceofthelocalorregionalWyomingBusinessCouncilrepresentativeand thelocalEconomicDevelopmententity;inPlaintif'Appellant'scase,theLaramie EconomicDevelopmentCorpomtiom-whoe TkmwlMembersindudedDefendant StateofWyoming,DefendnmtT.nmmieCityCo..neil,andDefendnntAttorneyA.Joe Hageman,exoocio.

25 26 j. FederalfundsprovidedtotheStateofWyominganddisbursedby 27 DefendnntGovernnrDavidDuaneFmudenthnlallow forthefollowing '' 28 expenses:(1)Tminee' swages;(2)' lhition,Ngistratiom classfees,anddass

materials;(3)Aavelexpensesindudingtransportation,lodging,andmeals;(4) lnstructorfeesandtravelexpenses;and(5)Feesforcontinuingeducationtmitsand certGcationsthatmaybeobtninedduringthetraining.

k. ThzeingtheSummerof2004,Plaintif-Appellantwaslawfnllyluredto theStateofWyomingpursuanttotheconvessionalpolicysetforthunderthe WorkforceInvestmentActof1998andimplementedbytheStateofWyoming. 1. OnYptember17,200+,NaomiWong,WyomingSecmtau ofState approvedtheinœrporationoftheEventsWorldWide,Inc.IEWWIandœrkiled Plaintif'AppellantastheW gisteredAgent.Plaintif-Appellutwassubsequently appointedasosicers,PresidentandSecretary'N asurerforEWW. m. EventsWorldm dezlnc.wasassignedCorpomteID#2004'00473600b theWyomingSecretaryofState.

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n. Thehwoœœ ofPahnda,IeonnwlandJnnnck LLC,1273North15th Stmet,Suite101;P.O.Box789;Tmmmi e,WY82073-0789;(307)742-7896Fax: (307)742-9799,5ledtheCorporationFormationdœmmentswiththeWyoming SecretaryofStateonbehalfofEWW. o Plaintx AppellnntwasintM ue byTim S'nmp,M sident,LEDC,to oneGrantKupko,agentbrStmetnm Hdustries,from whom EWW obte edits initialomcespaces. p. EventsWorldWide,Inc.began.havingtroubleimmediatelyupon leasingomœ spaœ from Stnlea:- Indue .es,nNnkGmotuupko.y;ww was

reqBimdtopay$1,825.00permonth whichwasinendedtoinclpdeallutilities, substantiallymorethanthe$1,575.00rent' onlyoption.Fortheadditionalamount paid,EWW wasnotreceie gtheutilityservicestowhichEWW wasentitled.Dist. Ct.Dkt.#1,Attaebment#2.page351 q. pneingearlyDeœmber2*4,PlnintieAppellantwasinvolvedina near'fatalautomobileaccident.IDist.Ct.Dkt.#1,Attachment#1,page5, paragraph21. 1 r. OnDeœmber10,2004,PlnintieAppellnnt,onbehnlfofEWW,wrotea checktoStructum Industriesfortwomonthsmnt,wheninfacionlyonemonth's rentwhsdue.WhenthischeckwasreturnedtoEWW forinsximcientfl'nds,EWW referredthechecktothePrehoda1aw5rm forresolution. s ThePmhndnlaw 6- conlvmedthecheckwasaneoveoam enf'and thatmoreoyer,Struetum Hdustrieswasonlyentitledh)apneialmonth'srent sinceEWW wasforcedh)vacateitsoxcespacednringthesecondweekofDecembe 2004duetouninhabitablelivingandworkingconditionsmaintainedbyGrant

Kupko,agentforStructurelndustries.(Dist.Ct.Dkt.#1,Attachment#2.pages35' 371 t. DuringitsGvestigationofthecieck,thePrehodalaw6- found:(1)a lackofheatintheoficespàcesduripgthecoldestmonths;(2)employeeshadtogo offpremisestoudearestroom outoffearofdisease1om ugingtherestroom on premie;(3)EWW wasnotpmvidedgarbw œlle ' onDwiœs;(* EWWwasforce tovacatethepmmisesbecauR ofGmntKupko'sA 'nsahilityorun '' ssto corredtheune abitableandun-nitaryconditions;and(5)GrantKupkohad lockedEWW outofitsoocesandhadpostedadefamatorypoticeonEWW'soode

door;amongotherthings.Dist.èt.Dkt.#1,Attachment#2,pàges35.371

u. TheM hodahw6- oA redStructureIndustriesGone'halfqfthe Decemberrentpam enFinexchang:fortheoocefurnitureGrantKupkohad

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1 subjeœ dh)iavolunto bnilmentyorthehw6- wouldGœnaiderthismatter 2 settler (Dist.Ct.Dkt.#1,Attaehment#2,page361 3' 4

v.

GrantKupkorefusedtoreturnEWW' xcefurniture,andinso . so 5 bep-qmeguiltyofthecrimeoflrcenyofbailmentproschbedunderWyo.Stat.Ann.

6 jj6-3-401and6-3-402tlexisNexis2*8). 7 à 9 W. InearlyApril2005,Plainte Appellantcomplainedtoagentsfor

10 11 12 1 13 4 15 16 17 lg 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

DefendantGovernorDavidDuaneFreudenthalthatfederalfundingforemployees MredundertheFederalWM wasbeingillegallyobstructedandwithheld,andthat thesuM vabilityofEWW wasRriouslyth-aonM. x. ' I'hefollowingweekPlaintiswast%matenedinaLaramieparkinglot byTim Stamp,PresidentoftheLEDCthatheandotherswouldgetevenfor Plnimtifgoingoverthel heads. y. OnMny9,2005,Plnintx attemptmdtopayasm>yemployeesas possiblewiththefllndsremainingatEWW'sdisposal,includipgthoseemployees whooughttohavebpenpaidbyDefendantGovernorDavidDuaneFreudenthal undertheFederalWW TheMediaDefendantsconfirmedintheirmeta'narratives thisfadualsimation: #4.Someemployeessaidtheyreceivedpartialchecksforworkthey haddone,somereceivednochecksandatleastonepaycheck ' bounced....'' u. #25Unlikemanyotheremployeeswhogoteitherpartialpaychecksor badchecks,Shortdidn'treœiveacheckatallforthepayperiodprior toMayErstbecauseshewasonvgcation.

Dist.Ct.Dkt.#1,pamgraph96,pages23and251

z. OnMay15,2005,police1om DelndnntTmeamiePoliœ Department WsitedPlaintxsLaramiehomeusingaruseofinvestigatingpose lex'nlawful activifiesintheStatepfOregon.Atnotimedidtheyinquireaboutthewagesof EWW'semployeesoraskdetailsregarfngtheimpendingfailureofEWW. aa. PlnlntillaterlenenedafemalewiththesimilarnameofLpm Hust was/isaLibrarianfortheOregonDepaamentofCorrections,whoseDiredor, V chaelFrancke,wasfoundstabbedtodeathoutsidetheadministrativeoocesof theDepartmentofCorrectionsattheDomeBuildinginSalem shortlyafter midnigh,onJanuary1.8,19r89.See,StatevkGaNe,127Om.App.320,873P.2d 1994Ore.App.T,EX' TA6209Gablelr.State,203Om.App.710;126P.3d739;2006 Ore.App.LEMS39.Seealso,Philli psv.Husti477F.3d1070(9thCir.2007), PetitionforawritofcertiomeiGRU TED,LynnNustv.Fz' ankMarvinPNlli ps, 6

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1 07-897.JudgmentVACATRD andr.n- REMANBRD forfuvtherYnsidemtionin

2 h'ghtofPenrgnnv:Cillnhnn,555U.S. .172L.Ed.2d565,2009U.S.LEMS591 3 llanuary26,2009). 4

5 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 12

bb OnMay16,2005,withoutphornotice,DefendantLaramiePlains CommnnltyFederalCmd itUnionabruptlvclae EWW'sbxzm'nesscheeklng account--efectivelybotmcingthechecksDe r fendatProsecuorRiehnedC.Bohling uKdtocreateCountsTwoandThreeofhisallegedfn'- andlaudulentcriminal prosecutionofPlaintif'Appellant. . .ePlnz .nnCommomt .yyauerajcredjtUnionissueda œ. DefendantTmmmA

13 letterdatedMay16,2005thatdfvtpmentedthisMny16,2005bnnkclo=m.IDist. 14 Ct.Dkt.#1,Attachment#2,page381 15

16 17 lg 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

dd. OnMay19,2005,aresidentialcaller'identifcationunitintheCounty ofClark Stao ofWas ' n,Y tdedtheide:tityofae>lle. rH m theTmeamie Poliœ Depnement.Plainte Appellantbehevesthine>llwasmlatedY theMay15, 2005visittoPlainte AppellanfsLaramiehomebytheLaramiePoliœ Department. Duringthikvisit,PlaintiffgavethepolicetMstelephonenumberasameanàto reachherintheStateofWashington.Dist.Ct.Dkt.#1,paragraphg114,page29; 138,page37;222,page55;3X,page721 ee. BetweenMay20,2005andMay23,2005,theMediaDefendantsrana seriesofnewsarticlesregrdingthefailmeofEventsWorldWide.lnmany instances,Plainte Appelhntwasvilifedandthegreatestofshameand debaementwassie donPlaine -Apmllnnt.inie.Ct.Dkt.#1,paragraph96,

28 pages23-261

h' . Uponlearningofthesenewsarticles,PlaintA contactedtheMedia Defendantsandpleadedwiththem toreportthesideofPlaintifêAppellant.Nearly fouryearslaor,theMediam fendnno havemfne Y m- theothersideofthe .

stou ofallegedgove-mentœ> ptionandpublicoœœrs'wmngdoing.IDist.Ct. Dkt.# ,Attachment#1,page9,pararaph411 '1

gg. TheMediaDefçndants'strong,steadfastrefusaltoreporttheother sideoftheStOU conAtitutesnni>eeiwmme ntinlevidene thntthç- Defendants am intimatelyinvolved' withtheWyomingconspiraom pre alyasallegedinthe complaintbelow. llh. TheDistrictCourtfotmdaTfvastconspiracy''andthatPlaintif' AppellanthadmadeOvt-nsiveœnspH cyallegahonslThefactthattheMeda Defendnnt'conspiratorshavenotmportedtheotheraideofthestoryfornearlyfom' yearsmakestheconspiracyacontluingoneandthatthelastovertacthasnot

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 10 1 12 13 14 jj j6 17 18 19 20

beencommitœdbythea Defendnnts.'lhenieeictCou waswmngtodisxnissthe

23 24 2 5 26 27 28

*** #5.Allcanfzlewagegrievancesandpursuethel lostpayinc'ivilcomt, b utwhetherthecompan/scollaps:istheresultofham'sstdd management,criminalcondud orsimplymarketforcesisuncertain. *.* * @G1nalloftheyearsrvedonethis,rvenever- napoliœ mporton

21 22

Complaintbelowwithpmjudiœ infavoroftheseprindpalconspirators.

hh. TheMediaDefendantsroleintheconspiracyisalsodemonstratedin itsprematurereporting.OnVay20,2005,theMediaDefendantsexposedthelack ofpmbableOusewhentheymadetwohugeblundea intheirmeta-nn- tives.In theflrstblunder,theseDefendantsreportedtheCoxmtTeeecheckhadbounœd befèrethecheckwasbou cedonMay20,2005. ii. lnthesecondbltmder,theMediaDefendantsreportedtheexistenceof a.policereportoforawagec1x, .m besm Jemmywnvo m aemnllymadethepolice rpportonM%y24,2005.'Photwoblu dersam expoRdasfollows: #1.EventsWorldWidehaslocalproblems.Thenew Laramiecompany , hasxlnraveledinMay,leavingembitteredemployeeswithmbber checksornopayata11.(See#4:below:eonepayehnckbopnœd*. l *** M .Someemployeessaidtheyreceivedpne'alchecksforworkthey haddone,somereceivednochecksandatleastonepaycheckbounced

forworkdoneinthelastmonthofHust'sbusiness' s(sic)operation. Wee#1above:Grubberchekrvs.onepaychekl

awageclaim,nCountyAttorneyRichardBohh'ngsaid.(Note:Gwage claim' 'andnotwageclaims) Dist.Ct.Dkt.#1,pages22'26,paragraph961 jj. TheMay20,2005meta-nn- tiveslinktheGwagedaim*#z)theGone paycheckIthat)bouaced. 'Defendantpoliœ omcerGwendolynK.Smithmakesclear inherallegedperjuredpoliceAMdavitthattheCountThreecheckGwasforwages' andwasreportedtoherPoliceDepartmentonMay24,2005;fourdaysY er

DefendnntP- aorRichnu C.YhlingisqyntM intheA me- astohave 'neverseenapoliœ reportonawageclpimm-I;1nalloftheyearsl'vedonethis. ' Dist.Ct.Dkt.#1,Attachment#2.pages33-341

kk. StateddiFerently,DefendantRepubhcanProsecutorRichardC. BohlingisquotedintheMay20y2005incriminatingmeta-nn- hvestohaveffseen apolicereportonawagednimAfourdaysMemJeremyFtancom madehiscbim forwagestotheLaramiePoliceDepàrtmentonMay24,2005.

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1 11. ()nMay20,2005,,DefendnntTmenmiePlnin?CommunityFederal 2 CreditUnionissuedalet/rtoJeremyFrancom bearingthesamedatewhichstates 3 inrelevantpartthat: 4 5 lleremyFrancom cameintoLaramiePlqinsCommunityFederal 6 CretlitUnionO aytocashacheckdrau oFofourC-ditUnion.The 7 heckwas1om EventsWorldWide, j i cn theamountof$609.12datedforMa mC oJ xccpoy anc m y. 1p 6a ,y 2a 0b 0l 5e .t Th ee a unF tr wa so 10 * closedonMay16,2005,''

11 IDist.Ct.Dkt.#1,Attachment#2.page391 1 12 3 mm. Thisbnnklettermakesdearthat:(1)thecheckusedh)hbricate 14 Count' èhreewassrstprêsentedforpam entonMay20,2005;and(2)Jeremy

15 Francom becameawarethattheCountTeeetfbounced''onMay20,2005. 1 16 7 nn- Stateddifeantly,theMediaDefendane weD awm ofandreported lg theColmtThreecheckhad*boxmœd-hn*w itwaspmsentedtothecmditunionon 19 May20,2005andhe - theholderofthecheckknewthecheckhadYounœd'';and 20 thatadwageclaim''wouldbepursuedriththepolicedepartmentfortMsf t bounced' 21 checkM1m thepolicereportwasmadeonMay24,2005. 22 23 *. Theaforemenhonedfactualcimnmm nœsandthefactthattheMedia 24 DefendantshaverefusedtoreportPlaintc sversionofeventsa. lmpreciselythe 25 reasonwhyPlaintifdidnotsuetheVediaDefendantsfordefamationandfalse 26 lightinvasionofprivacy;butinsteadsuedthem ascotonspimtorsinamuchlarger 27 andevile eme.TheCourtbelow wasnlnniofnrmedthntConn-lfortheMedia 28 DefendantsliedwhenclaimingPlaine suedforGdefnmation*andthatWashino n

didnotrecognizethetortof' T falsèlightfinvasionofprivacy.Ibist.Ct.Dkt.#108, pages26'28,paragraphs141'1501 Seealso:Patersonv:Little,. amu &C'o.502F.Supp.2d1124(W.D.Wash.2007), whem GfalselighFwaslitigatedbyattorneyBruœ E.H.Johnson,WSBA#7667,wh providedcounselforIuittle,Brown& Company.Thwmghthelaw 6err1ofDavis WrightTremainLLP,Law Oxces;1201ThirdAvenue,Suite2200;Seattle, Washington98101'30459(206)622'3150;Fax:(206)757'7700) bnzœl 'ohoMe wtcom.aœ rneyBruœ E.H.John- mpmsenodDefendantsThe AssœiatedM ss,CasperStarTribnno,TmenmieBxmemngandNewscorp. pp. 0nMay9,2005,Plainte requiredtheso-callëdCountThmevidim, JeremyFrancom,tosignfortwopaychecks-paycheck#3053,beadngthedateof

*5-09-05*anditscompanionpaycheck#3054,benvi ngthepostdate*5-16-05*.Dist. Ct.Dkt.#1,At-ehmmpt%R.pages40-411.Wyominglawdoesnotallowpostdated checkstobepmsecutedaslaud.Dist.Ct.Dkt.#1,pages46-47,pamgraph:1831841 9

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qq. JemmyFmnpnm'ssignattumalsoappearsontheletteriauedtohim

3 datedMay20,2005bydefendantLPCFCU.IDist.Ct.Dkt.#1,Attachment#2,page 4 394.ThisevidencetendtoestablishthefactthatthelastdatePlainte hadany 5 contad withJeremyFrancom andtheCountThreecheckwasonMay9,2005 6 7 ecornead,byHo- anandtheotheremployees.IDis' t.G't.Dkt.#1,page32, 8 param ph961 rr. DefendantLaramieBoomerangSje WriterMicahSturvssacaxg 19 0 11 allegedincrimGatingmeta'narrativescontainedthefollowingadditional 12 statemeats: 13

14

15

#6.LaramiePoliceDepnrtmentSgt.GwenSmithsaidthatHusthas

lefttown....*.***Hustcouldnotbereachedan;isnotinLaramie.

16 17

ss. A- mingFennem immediaelysignedaœpyoftheineriminnting lg Mny20,2*5leœ randsentittoPlaine onMay20,2005,WyomGglawrequired 19 Francom andtheLaramiePoliceDepaementtoprovideGproof'thattheissuer: 20 21 '' failedtopaythecheckorotherorderwithinfive(5)dayso/or 22 -M m'npmol' - nennnnn- omknrax'nhnm'-naee-tM 23 khoozzlm- nhnwnnn:looA-borotheroMer...C 24 Dist.Ct.Dkt.#1,pages46-47,pamraph183. ) 25 26 tt. lnparagraphs205and209ofthecomplaintbelow,Plaintiff-Appellant 27 notedthatDepndnntpoliœ omœrGwendolynK.Smithsentuptwomdfagà

28 allegedperjuadpohœ AmduvitofProbableCaue:

205. DefendaptpoliceoocerGwendolynK.Smithalsost-ggledto concealtheidentityofthepersonwhomadethereportshepersonally tœkRgardiugtx- ntOne,h)wit: f'OnJuly28,2005,IYokareportofaninsnmcientflzndscheckthat hadbeenwrittenbyLynnHUSTtoStructurelndustriesonDecember 10,2004intheamountof$3,650.00....1Yeinitialreportingpartywas Wœ HAGEMAN,whoistheaœ meyforGmntnndJœyKUPKO,the ownersofStrueel'm Indx.eriesl *#* 209. DefendantpoliceoocerGwendolm K.Smithraisedared5agin paragraph2ofherallegedperjm' edpoliceaodavitwhenshedescribed defendantattorneyandCityCouncilmanA.Jœ Hageman'sdientas beingGJœyKupkomandnotGJO. Pavlica*.

Dist.Ct.Dkt.#1,pages51-52)

1e

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uu. OnNovember12,2* 8,DefendlmtAenmeyandTmmmieCity Cou eilmanA.JoeHagemanftledwiththeDistrictCourtaœpyoftheletterand checkhegavetoDefendantProsemztorRichardC.BohlingonMay24,2005.The letterindicatesacourtesycopywasprovidedtoapersnnwiththenameofoneffloee Pavlica'andnot' s loeyKupko'asstatedbyDefendantSmithinherallegedperjure policeAmdavit.I ' Dist.Ct.Dkt.#77,At-ehment#skae 21 W. DefendantAttorneyandLammieCityCouncilmanA.JoeHageman, Whilehavinganopportuitytodoso,neveradmittedincourtthatheEledapolice

11 reportwithDefendantLaramiePoliceDeje ment.DefendantLaramiepolice

12 omœrGwenSmithdœsnotsta*other- inherallegpdperjuxdpohœ Amdavit. 1 13 4

.soutcomeestablishesthefadualmmn - mstanœ thatDefendant ww. n l 15 ProsecutorRichardC.BohlingcausedtheCountOnechecktobereportedtothe 16 LaramiePoliceDepe ment;andthattheidentityofthepersonwhoisresponsible 17 lr041* afalsepoliœ mportbemadeh1Defendnntmhœ omœtGwendolynK. lg SmithbelongstoonePro- orRie%nrdC.Bohling--aœmplainipgwitness. 19 20 xx. TheJudiciallmprovementsAd of1990,PublicLaw 101-650,was 21 enactedbytheSenateandHouseofRepresentativesoftheUnitedStatesof 22 AmehcainCongressa- mbled,onD- mber1,1990. 23 24 %. Title111,j301becameknownastheVederalCourtsStudyCommittee 25 ImplementatinnActof1990.*Section321changedthenameofUnitedStates 26 Magistratesasfollows: 27 $ . 28 AlortheenactmentofthisAct,eachUnitedStatesmagistrAo appointedundersedion631oftitle28,UniodStatesCode,shallbe

knownasaUnitedStatesmagistratejudge,andanyreferencetoany UnitedStatesmagistrateormagislratethatiscontainedintitle28, UniodSto sCode,inanyotherFederalst Atuo,orinanyNgulahon ofanydepu mentoragencyoftheUniodStaosintheexecuhve branchthatwasissuedbeforetheenadmentofthtsAct,shallbe deemed' tomfertoaUnitedStatesmagistratejudgeappointedunder sedion631oftitle28,UnitedStatesCode.

zz. N blicLaw 101-650oflko mber1,19* amendedTitle18USCSj 3182(Fugitives1omStateorTerritov toState,Distrid,orTerritou)toreadas

follows:

WhenevertheexecuhveauthorityofanyStateorTerritorydemands anypersonasafugihvefmmjustice,oft, lleexecutiveauthorityofany State,District,orTerritou towhichsuthpersonhasfed.and producesacopyofanindi- entfmmdorane davitmadebeforea 11

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m ' > (UGM Suosm ' > judgelofanySuteorTerritou,

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

chnN'ngthepersondemandedwithhavingœmmittedtmason,felony, orothererime,ce-sledasauthenticbythegovernororchief magistrate(UnitedStatesmagistratejudgdoftheStateorTerritory 1om whencethepersonsochargedhasfed,theexecutiveauthorityof theStao,Districx orTerriov o whichsuch>- nhas5edshnll cau- hi'nh)bearmstedandx md,andno* theexecuhve authoritymakingsuchdemand,ortheagentofsuchauthority appointedtoreceivethefugitive,andshallcausethefugitivetobe deliveredtosuchagentwhenheshallappear.Ifnosuchagentappears withl .nt. hio daysM m thetz .meofthen> st,thepn-n . ermayue disehnNed. Explanatorynotes:ThebracketedwordsY nitedStatesmagistrate

17 18 19

ROO' aaa. EfectiveDecember1,1990,theExecutiveAuthorityofanyofthe

j5 16 -

judge'wereinsertedintMssectionontheauthorityofActDec.1, 1990,P.L.101-650,Title111,j31211,whichappearqas28USCSj631

20 severalStatesorTerritorieswererequiredbyConresstoGproducegacopyofan 21 indictmentfoundoranaodavitmadebeforeamagistrateIunitedStates 22 magistratejudgelofanySta- orTerritoe Glwlhenevprtheex-ztiveauthorityof 23 anyStateorTerritov demanàsanyperxnasafugitiveAmjustiœ,ofthe 24 execqztiveauthorityofanyState,Distrid,orTerritorytowhichsuchpersonhas 25 fed....'' ' 26 27 bbb. Mom immrtantly,thelifeofthestatuteœmmenœswiththeword 28 GwhepeveF andencompassestheperiodfollowingtheworda ' er

ccc. Theadverbandconjunctionfwheneve/',asusedinTitl:18USCSj

3182,isdefnedas;atwhatevertime;onwhateveroccasion;éverytimethat.

ddd. Theadverbandœnjunctionewheneve',asuedinTitle18USCS! 3182,expresslycontrolswhenthestatuteoperatesuponitssubjedmatter:the

extraditionandrenditionoffugitives.Thus:

*iwlhenevertheexa hveauthohtyofanyS>* orTerriou

demands...oftheexecutiveauthorityofanyStae,Dierict,orTerritory towhichsuchpersonhasfed...theexemtiveauthorityoftheState, Distrid,orTerritorytowhichsuchpersonhas5edshallcausehim to bearrestedandsecured....'' eee. Sedion3182implementstheExtraditionChuseoftheFederal Constitution.Authoritytxlarrestfugitivesisderivedfrom thePeopleoftheUnited StatesandisvestedexdusivelyintheExecutiveAuthorityoftheStgte,to wit: %'

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APersonehnrgedinanyStatewithTreaxm Felony,orotherCvime, whoshallfleefrom Justice,andbefoundinanotherState,shallon DemandoftheekecutiveAuthorityoftheState1om whichhefed,be deliveredup,toberemovedtotheStatehavingJurisdictionofthe crime. U*S*Constimt ionAaicle4,Section2,Clause2. , ff. NeitherCongress,noranyStateLegislaturemayvesttjjepowerin anyotherperson-realorKctitious.ThecurrentfederalGterstateextradition prot= lengagedinbytheRveralState?andTerritoriesunomet .utionally

13 extendstheterritorialjurisdictionoflœalnrros' twn- ntsacmssStateboundaries. 14

15 ggg. Section3182alsoincozw ratestheWarrantsClauseofthe,Fourthand 16 FourieenthAmendments.However,CongressdidnotrequiretheExecutive 17 AuthorityissueawnemntwhenOusingthefugitivebeenrrostzdandsecured'in 18 complyingwiththislaw. 19 20 hhh. TheStateofW@shington'sWarrantsClauseisfoundunderWash. 21 Const.Art.lj7,where: 22 23 Nopersonshallbedisturbpdinhisprivatene ims,orhishome 24 invaded,withoutauthorityoflaw. 25 26 iii. Titl e10,RevisedCodeofWasbinlon(RCW),CriminalProcedure

27 8 (InterstateRxtmdition),implementsTitle18U.S. CA j3182andU.S.Constitution Article4,Section2,Clause2. jjj. TheAuthorityoftheWashingtonGovernorissetforthunderRCW j 10.88.210:

Subjecttotheprovisionsofthisehnpter,theprovisionsofthe

ConstitutionoftheUnitedStatescontrolling,andanyandallactsof congressenactedinpursuancethereof,thegovernorofthisstatemay inhisdiscretionhavearrestedanddelivereduptotheexecutive authorityofanyotherstao oftheUniodStaosauype- nchu edin thatstatewithtmamn,felony,orothercrime,whohnAfedfrom

justiceandisfoundinthisstate. . kkk. TherequirementsforavaliddemandaresetforthunderRCW j 10.88.220.Washington'srequirementforaniuvestigationofthedemandissetforth underRCW j10.88.230.

13

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1 lll. UnderRCW j10.88.260,theGovernorofWashino nGshallsigna 2 warrantofarresfrforafugitive: ? 4 Ifthegovernordecidesthatthedemandshouldbecomplipdwith,he 5 shallsignawarrantofarres't,whichshallbesealçdwiththestate 6 DaI,andbediweodtoanype aceomcerorotherpe- nwhom hemay 1 t h i n k l t t o e n t z w t wi t h t he e x ecutionthereof.Thewa- ntmust 8 9 substantiallyrecitethefadsnecessarytothevalidityofitsissuance. 1 101

mmm.

Rev.CodeWash.jj10.88.320and10.88.330areinvokedonly

. tzm.Rev.Code 12 undertheinformedGm-ntoftheExecnztiveAuthorityofWnnhmg Wa s h z . 13 j10.88.320 mvidesthe authorityofla< mquimdbyWash.ConstArt.1j ,p 14 7toenteraresidenceforpmw sesofremovingafugitivehmwntobelocated

15 therein.Rev.CodeWash.j10.88.330providestheff authorityoflaw'requiredby 16 Wash.Const.Art.1j1toarrestafugitiveinapublicplaceonlywhenthearresting

17 omc:rhasknowledgethnttheGovernorofWas ' ninondstoextradio the 18 'fugitive. 19 20 nnn. OnMay1,2006,Plainte Appellantwasfalselyrrested,beforea 21 Tfdem>nd''hadbeenmadebytheExecutiveAuthorityofWyomingbasedona 22 telephoneemllmadefeom DefendotImeamiePoliœ DepnementtoDefendant 23 BattleGmundPohceDepnHanent. 24 25 ooo. Plainte AppellantwasfalselyarrestedonMay1,2006aspartofan 26 allegedWyomingconspiracytoTtget''PlaintipAppellantforblowingthewhistleon 27 themiqapplicationoffederalfnndsxmdereneMyofDefenanntGovernnrDavid 28 DuaneFreudenthalwhichcauadthefailmeofEventsWorldWideandthefailme ofEventsWorldWidetopayallofitsemployeesthewagesthecorporationwas requiredtopayunderfederallaw.

ppp. OnMay17,2*6,nft- HowingPlnintieAppellanthadalmeadybeen illegallym estedandsecured,Defendu tProx zorRichatdC.Bohlingexecuteda ffRequisition''forPlaintx sretl'rntotheStao ofWyoming.Thef'Requisition''was madèunderoathbeforeWyomingNotaryPublicTaraBrookeHickerson.IDist.Ct.

Dkt.#1,Attachment2.pages5'61.

qqq. InsupportofPlnintifswnrrnntlessn- stsonMay1,2006andJune 13,2008,prosecutorsunderthechargeofDefendantClarkCountyPmsecutor

M hurCurtis,KledOgitivecomplâintsintheClarkCountyDistridCourt.Dist. Ct.Dkt.#1,Attachment2.pages19,26'281. rrr. FederalinterstateextraditionsatxExecutiveactions.Whehexecuting theRequisitionapdfugitivecomplaGts,DefendantProsecutorRichaM C.Bohling, likeallotherProsecutorswhoexecutetheseapplicahonsandcomplaints,isbuta 14

'

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1 fcomplniningwitnessoandisonlyenhtledtoequnliledimmunie andnot prosecutorialimmunity.Knli nav.netchen522U.S.118(1997).

2 3 4 5 6 1 8 19 0 11 12

sss. OnMay29,2006,afterknowingPlainte Appellanthadalreadybeen

megallyarrestedandsecw ed,DefendantWyomingGovemorDavidDuane FreudentbnlexecuodademandforPlnintifo beNtnvnedh)theStateof Wyoming.IDist.Ct.Dkt.#1,Ataehment2,page41.

ttt. OnJune15,2006,afterknowingPlaintif.Appenanthadalreadybeen w ed,DefendantWashingtönGovernorChristine0. illegailyarrestedandsec Gregoia issuedheruGovernoesWneenntofAe-staxd ' Rxtendltion.wjjuewsintjs

13 wasreleasedonbail.IDist.Ct.Dkt.#1,Attaehment2.page31.

14 15 uuu. OnJune13,2008,Plaintif-AppellantwasagainfalselyTfarrestedand 16 secmed''basedontheWyomingwarrant:Again,theBattleGroundPolice ' 17 DepnHimentdidnotactpo uanth)theordersoftheExecutiveAuthoritiesof

lg WyomingandWashington,inspiteofthefactthatDefendantGbvernorChristine 19 0.GregoirehadisjuedanextraditionwarrantonJune15,2005GToAnySherifor 20 OtherPeaceOoceroftheStateofWashington'',acopyofwhichwasavailabletoal 21 VwenforcementoocersinClrkCounty;theClarkCount!Prosecutor'sOoce;the 22 ClarkCountyCourts;andtheClarkCoxmtyJH whem Plnme Appellantwas

23 dehvered.Dist-Ct.Dkt.*5-3,pages1-31.

24 25 v . OnJune24,2008,PlaintifobtainedacopyoftheWyomingand 26 WashingtonextraditionpaperssetforthinPlaintiffsExhibit1,pages3'16,from 27 theHonombleJudgeVernonL.Schmiberduringacourthearingtoereview''the

28 GGovernoesWarrantlIDist.Ct.Dkt.#1,Attachment2,pages3-16and191

www.ThecopyoftheWyomingandWashingtonextraditionpaperssetforth p inPlnx ntiFsExbibit1,pages3'16donotinclude6dacopyofanin'dictmentfoundor

annmdavitmadebefoa aIuniodStatesmagiO ojudgelofanyStateor Territoe asrequiredbyTitle18USC:j3182,asamendedonDeœmberly1990.

Thus,thefederalinterstateextraitionbeingattemptedbyDefendantGovernor DavidDuaneFreudenthalandDefendantGovernorChristine0.Gregoireviolates blackletterfederallaw andtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStateq. xxx. Pbintx am edwiththeDefendnntsthattheissueofimmzAnitywas paramountandurgedtheDistrictCourttostaydiscoverypendingresolutionofthe immunityissue.IDist.Ct.Dkt.#86,pages1'2,paragraphs1'61.Indeed,Docket#86 setforthwhatPle te believedtobethecaselawregardingimmunity;long'arm

*

jurisdictionandconspimcyapplicabletotheca% Ylow. yyy. lnPearsonv' .Callahan,172L.Ed.2d565,200:U.S.LEXIS591,21 Fla.L.WeeklyFed.S588(U.S.2009),theSupremeCourtreiteratedtheneedfor 15

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1 courtsh)resolveGimmxinityqueshonsattheearliestmme lestageinlitigation''

2 Iblecausequau edimmunityisGanimmunityfrom suitrathertbnnameredefense 3 toliabilic andT f itiseffectivelylostifacaseiserroneouslypermittedtogototrial. '

4 5 zzz. NoneoftheDefendantsappealedtheDistric' tCourt'sdenialoftheir 6 mo t i o n ongroundsofimmnnity.InTennivnK G5e & Counf.gofsanFrxncfsco,54 7

8 F3d1293,2008U.S.App.LEMS24654(9thCir.Cal.2008),thisCOH madeclear

9 10 1 1 12 13 14 15

thatthedenialofqualisedorabsoluteimmunityis-immediatelyappealable.'' aaaa.oefendantBattleGroundpouceomcerEric,aHurleystatedwith claritytheactionssheperamnllyttmkwhenshene-nt- anddelmA .nedPlnx .nt.. AppellantonJxme13,2008.HurleybeganbyexplaininginherDeclnmtionthatshe wasa''policeomce:,andthereoretrainedtomakeanvstsanddidanvst''Ms.Hus pursuanttotheWyomingwarrantwithoutincidentandtransportedhertothe

16 ClarkCountyJai1.'Dist.Ct.Dkt.#95,pages1'21

17 lg bbbb.IntheY arrative*xctionofherVelonyo port',OmœrHurley 19 admitted: 20 21 GLyM Hustwasarrestedonanoutstandingfelonywarrant9om 22 Albany,Wyoming. 23 *** 24 On061308at2015Iwasdispatchedto1502NE20thAvemgardinga 25 possiblewantedsubjed....Iknew1ompreviouslytryingtoservean 26 arrestwarrantatth.isadeess,LynnHusthadanextraditablewarrant 27 from WyomingforD aud.Iwm eduptothoade ssandnotiœda 28 whitefemaleltkingLynn'sdescriptioninthedriveway.Iwm edupto

herandaskedifshewasLynnHust,Lynnstatedfyes. '1tookLynn

intominimùm custodycontrolholdandexplainedshewasunderarrest forafelonywarrant.1placedLynninhandcufs,searchedherand plaœdherinmypatrolvehide.IGmlemedherwarrantthrough dispatch.

(Dist.Ct.Dkt.#95'3,page21

cccc. OocerHurleyisclaimingheradivitieswerecarriedoutundercolorof statelaw,withimthe= peofheremplom entandunderordersfrom hersuperiors. OocerHurleyalsoadmitsshewasjustiledfnrtheri. nmnksngthenra!s-tbecause thewarrantwasœlom theSeamdJudicialCirmzit,CotmtyofAlbany,Stateof Wyoming. 'HurleywentontostatethattheTr arrestwarrantWasissuedbyaCircuit CourtJudgeandcontninedanotarizedaodavitofprobablecause.'Di st.Ct.Dkt.

ospage11

16

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dddd.Iftrue,EricaHurleyeFe 'velyshi&-dliabilityfrom herselftothe StatesofWyomingandWashingtonandtheirpolitiolsubdivisionsprsuanttoan unconstitutionalpolic'y,trainGg,custom andusagecondonedbytheseentities. eeee. OnoraboutJune5,2008,BattleGroundpolicedetediveKimberly Aemskong, (360)342-5200;Fax:(360)342-5202;kimberl v. nrmstronKei. battlezrOlmd.wa.usleftherpoliœ businesscardataNsidencefrequen-dbyPlainte. Thenoteônthebackofabusinesscardstated: ''LynnHust-Pleasecallmeateither#.Ihavebeennotmedabout suspidousactivityusingyouridene cation.'Phnnkyou,DetM ive Armstmng.,,

14 IDist.Ct.Dkt.#1,pages62'63,paragraphs255'2581. 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

X . M erarrestingPlainte onJune13,2008,BattleGrotmdpoliceoocer SeanHendriekMnadmittedh)Plnintilthathepe- nnllyhaddivnveredthe WyomingwarrantforPlnintilwhilehewasworkingtodosetheNesonthe criminalcasePlaintifftledwiththeBattleGroxmdPoliceDepartmentinNovember 2005. gggg.BattleGmundPoliceOœœrEeicaHmleyinformedthecourtbelowin Dist.Ct.Dkt.#95-3atpage2thatshewasRdispatched*andthatshehad

d t coM rmedIplaintifsWyominglwarrantthroughdispatch.'

hhhh.PùlicedetectiveKimberlyArmstrongandpoliceoocersSean HendriekxnandEriœ Hurleyraisealegalquee onastowhoauthon'z-dtheJune 13#2008a> stwithoutusingtheextraditionwarrantprovidedbyDefendant GovernorChristine0.Gregoire.

iiii. Inagrouppleading,theTfclarkCountyDefendants''claim theywere

justmedinsubjectingPlnintieh)deontionwithoutthepriorGm-ntofthe GovernoroftheStateofWashinomunderthejudidalguidnncesetforthinDayv. Keim,2F. 2d966,1924U.S.App.LEMS2218(4thCir.W. Va.1924),towit: 6$2. ClarkCountvcomoliedwiththeExtraditionStatute. 18USCî 3182.

Plaintifcontendsthat18USCj3182wasviolatedbecauY the

governorswarrantswerenotobtainedpriortothearrestofPlainte. ThecontentionisfaultyunderDavv.Keim,2F.966(1924),which allowsforsuchdetenhonforareasonabletimetoawaitevtmdition papers.D

Dist.Ct.Dkt.#93,page3).

11

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1 jjjj. Thepa- gewhichtheClarkCountyDefendantsmly,thoughnot 2 citei isasfollows: 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

tdrrhecontentionofthepetitionerthathecouldnotlawfullybeaaested withoutawarrantbyapeaceofficerofWestVirginiafordetentionfor thereamnabletimeneœssaa toenableamsquimt 'ionforhim h)be g t t l a dy ma d e e >n n o t b e s u s t a i n e d re . Burynv.New Fo rk&ne l& HudsonDverRailroadC0.,245/S.315,38S.Ct.108,62L.Ed.JJ4;

10 Kurtzv.Momtt,115US.d8C,spd,6S.Ct.148,29L.Ed.458. 1 1 kkkk.Cx .mmt .gudge1kœ ,continuihg,noted: 12 1 3 ( theOue ofhisdeontionand,ifitbefound'nmxmcient,to 18 diRhargehiml 19 20 m1. Inagrouppleading,theffBattleGroundDefendants''claim theywere 21 justGedinrelyingontheexistence6fanout'of'statewarranttosupsorttheir 22 warrantlessm estonbehalfoftheTmmmiePoliœ œ pnementunderthejudicial 23 gttidancesetforthinCasev.KitsapCountySher, sDepnvkmen%249F.3d921, 24 923'24(9thCir.2001).(Dist.Ct.Dkt.#94,page61. 25 2 mmmm. TheCourtinJasev.Ki 26 tsapconstmedRCW jj10.88.330and 7 10 .31. 030topmvidetheauthohtyoflaw thatnllnwslawenfo= mentoGcers, 28 WithoutawarrantissuedinWashingtonintheirposYssion,tobreakdownthe doorsofacitizenoftheStateofWashington,andatgtm-point,removethe occupantsbasedonknowledgeoftheexistenceofanout'of'stateWarrant. nnnm.Thenvrestwn- ntuponwhichtheStateofWas ' ndefendants

relywasfalselypr- edintheFederaljurisdictionoftheTenthCiMzitCourtof Appeals.InWilkinsv.De>yes,528F.3d790,2008U.S.App,LEXTS12676(10th Cir.N.M.2008),thecourtwrote: Rpmbablecaemx forannrmstwnvrnntisestablishedbydemone ating asubstantialprobabilitythatacn'mehnAbeencommitodandthata specificindividualcommittedthecrime...lThus,ifwesetaside,aswe must,thefalseinformation...nothingisleftintheamdavitstosupport probablecauseforPlaintes'arrests. oooo.Dayv.Keim,2F.2d966andCasevkKitiapCounl,249F.3d921, togetherwiththewillflxlblinMessoftheGovernorsàndAttorneysGeneraland EricaHurley,SeanHendricksonandKimberlyAemstrongdemonstratewith 18

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thatthemovingforcebehindPlnintx-A,ppellanfsallegedœnstittztionnlviolations aretheStatesandtheirpolitimlsubdivisions.OWattv.Pie- ,954F.2d1470,147374(9thCir.1992);Monellv.Dep' tofSoc.Servs.,436U.S.658,691(1978).Bakerv. Mccollan,443U. S.137,144(1979);Pembaurv.CityofCincirati,475U.S.469,

5 483-84(1986). 6

1 8 pppp.Inthiscircuit,aclnim ofmunicipalliabilityundersection1983is 9 sumcienttowithstandamotiontodismisseveniftheclaim isbasedonnothing 10 morethanabareallegationthattheindividualoocers,con(uctconsrmedto 11 omcialpoliiy,custom,orpralice.Wnr' . m'pana.hiv.LosM gelesPolceDep,%839

12 F. 2d621,624(9thGr.1988).

1 13 4 . qqqq.TheWyomingLegislatureexpresslyallowsDefendantGovernorDavid j5 DuaneFreudenthal'sDepartmentofEmploymenttotakeclaimsforunpaidwages

16 tmderWyo.Stat.Ann.jj27'4'104and27'4'502. 17 18

nwr. Wyoming'sunpaidwagestatutesc'reaY asm biohcrelationship 19 betweenDefendantGovernorDavidDuaneFreudenthal;theGoverzmr's

20 DepartmentofEmployment,headedupbyDirectorGaryW.Child,(307)777'76729 21 Fax:(307)777'5805,[email protected];andDefendantCotmtyProsecutorRichard

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

C.Bohling. ssss. OnMay24,2905,EWW employeeJeremyWayneFrancom was attemptingtocolled hisunpaidwagesthmughtheLaramiePoliceDepartment, whilesimultaneouslyassigningthecollectionofhiswagestoDefendantGovernor DavidDuaneFmudenthnl'sœ pnetmentofEmplom ent.

tttt. JeremyWayneFrancomsetforthinhisClaimForWagesdatedMa#

24,2005thatonMay5,2005,hewasfd owed'$1,020200for68hoursofwork performed,lessa$200.00advance.PbintecontendedthatonMay5,2005,Jeremy Francom wasowed$1,387.50for92.5houm ofworkmrformedat$15.00perhom, lessa$200.00advanceandlawfultaxdeductions.' l'heWyomingDepn- entof Emplom entLaborStandardslimitedFrancom'srecoveryto$820. 00,lesslawful

taxdedudions.'' uuuu.Wyoming'sunpaidwagestatlzœspmvidexveralt*lstoaidthe employqeinrecoveringwagesrightfullydueY him,includingtheexpedited contestedcaseprocessbeforetheWyomingDepnrtmentofEmplom entandtheuse oftheCotmtyAttomeytoassisttheemployeeincolledingwageswhichthe Departmenthasdeclaredmustbepaid.Theschemeisembodiedinthefollowing

stamtes:jj27-4'591;27-4-502;27-4-504;27-4-505;and27-4-506.

MMvv.InitsOrderdatedAugust8,2005,theWyomingDepartmentof Emplom entLaborStandardsmadeaY etermination'thatVventsWorldwide, 19

.

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l lnc.owesgeremyFoncom theRum of$820. 00,*anddimeodEventsWorldm deto 2f tremitpaymentof$820.00,lesslawfttltaxdedudions,inthenameofJeremy

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 12 3 14 15 16 j7 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Francom to:'' TTDepartmentofEmplom ent,LaborStandards,1501E.Pershing Boulevnu ,WestW' mg,le m 150,Cheyenne,Wyoming82002.* WWWW. LaramiePoliceDefendantGwendolynK.Smith'salleged

perjuredSeptember26,2005Amdavitcontainedthefollowingallegedincriminatin statements:

uOnMay24,2005,M cerBRISENDINEtœkareportofanaccount closedcheckthathadbeenwrittenbyLynnHUSTtoJeremy FRANCOM onMay16,2005intheamountof$609.12....Thecheck wasforwagesdue....JeremyFRU COM hasnotreceivedpayment H m LynnHUS Tforthechoekshewmtetohiml % xxxx.TheDepartmentofEmplom entdidnotpiercethecorporateveilof EWW.However,GwenSmithillegallypiercedthecorporateveil.Plaintif'Appellan contendsthiswasanevilendeavortottget''Plaintiffbyattemptingtofasten personnlliabilitytoPlnintie.Mov ver,Wyoming'sunpaidwagesvttztesdonot provideforprisontimeforfniluretopaywages. yyyy. BecauseJeremyFrancom hadassignedlziswagestotheDepartmento Employment,JeremyFrancom andtheLaramiePoliceDepartmentcottldnolonger collectonthechek.Thinfaeaznloue meexpoKstheH udinPmsecqztorBohling's criminalcaseandthedesperationtoGgetAPlnintifatallœsts.

zzzz.KeyprotocolsforaprosecutionforcheckfraudwithinUintaCounty, Wyomingaremsfollows:
#

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hto://w w.xzx 'nuœu w-œm- lmentWew. ae?D> zt3(TmKtvisiodMnec. h15, 2009.1 aaaaa. Theprosecutprialprotocolsforcheckfraudprosecutionin WyomingeliminatesDefendu tBou ng'sthreechecksfrom considerationfor prosecution.Indeed,noneofDefendnntPro. - zorRiehnmdC.Bohling'schecklaud victimshaveinitiaodacivilactiontor- vertreblednmagesfortheirso-calledbad . checks. .ngevidenceoftheWyomingconspimtors,yaue, bbbbb. Condemnl

12 l audeentandmalidouspm- donandlackofymbablecausetobelieveacn. me wascommittedispmvidedfrom Wyomiilg'scivilhabilitystamteanditstreble

13 14 15 j6 17

damagesremedy.Wyo.stat.j1-1-115entitlestheholderofthecheckto:(1)three timestheamountofthecheck,butinnocaselessthanonehtmdreddollars ($100.00);(2)acolledionfeenottoexceedthirtydollars($30.00);(3)courtcosts;(4) Nasonableattorneyfees(inevtcaor' caxsl;and(5)suitinsmnlldnimscourt, lg iftheamountofthedemanddœsnotexceedthejnviqdictionofthatcourt. 19 20 ccccc.Wyo.stat.j1'1'115providedthefolloringeasymoneypayoutagainst 21 EWW: 22

23 24

2 5 26

CountOne:$3650.00x3=$10,950.00tplusattorneyfeesandœsts) CountTwo:$2000. 00x3=$6000(plusattoTneyfeesandcosts)

Counti'hree:$609.12x3=$1827.36(plusattorneyfeesandcosts)

27 ddddd. TheCoua ofAppealsmAAe rememberthatPlnintiecontended 28 thatJeremyFrancom,theso-calledCountn mevizttim,wasowed$1,387.50for ' 92.5hoursofworkperformed;andthattheWyomingDepare entofEmployment LaborStandardslimitedJeremyFrancom'srecover.yto$820.00,lesslawfultax deductions.''Thus,JèremyFrancom'sassignmentofhiswageclaim tothe DepartmentofEmplom ehtwillnethim le% thnnone-tbirdtheamountofmoney heisentitledhadhepursuedhisGbounced*checkorwageclnim incourt.

eeeee.Paragraphs187'189containallegationsthattheCountTwocheckwas

alsosecuredbyat f securitydepositqf$2,000.00inthesameamountasthecheck' andthattheamtmctingpnrtieswem GchnndlerPmmaies,1, 1r,LESSOR and HealthMnongementWorldWideœventsWorldWideLESSEEJDist.Ct.Dkt.#1, page48,paragraphs187-1891 frmt TheCotmtOnecheckwasddsettled''bythePrehodalawflrm asan Goverpam enF andalarœnyofbnilmentduetoGmntKupko'srefusaltomturn EWW'sproperty.

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1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 19 0 11 1 12 3 14 15

ggggg. Ithàsbeenmom thnnfourye- ssinœ theCotmtOnecheckhas beenwritten;andnqarlyfouryearssincetheCountTwoandCountTeeechecks havebeenwritten.Noneoftheso-calledcheckfraudvictimshaveeverp-sueda civilactionincourt.Whatisalsoremrkableisthefactthata1loftheso'called vidimsareabletocontactPlainte inpersontothisvez.ydayofcourtlling.

21 22 23 24 25 2 6 2 278

UGversityPlaintiffswerefalselyaccusedonMarch14,2006.0nApril11,2007,the NorthCnmlinnAttorneyGeneraldelnmdtheœ keUniveaityPlnintifsandtheir teammatesinnocent. kkkkk. InOctoberandNovember2007,theDukeUniversityPlaintiss Ell eid civoi lfr ilg-hts actsio nsajainstMichaelB.Nifong.ThePlaintesweavedtheir n ms f n n t ,f c nl-imprixoment,abuœofJl nxx-andmalidous prose-tionintoasingle,timelydvilrightscomplmntthntiswellwithinthe statuteoflimitationsforeachcauseofaction. ' . 11111. UhlikeMichaelB.Nifong,DefendantProsecutorRichardC.Bohling andhisWyomingGmonspimtorstxktheirevilae-
hhhbh Plniotil-Appellanfscausesofacdonforfalsearrestwithout probablecaus.eandcivilrightsconspiracyinviolauonoftheFourthandFourteenth AmendmentsandTitl e18U.s.c. A.j3182isclearlyripeforvindicationandjudicial intewention. iiiii. InAwabdyv.t7JtyofAdelanto,368F.3d1062,2004U.S.App.LEMS 9892(9thCir.Cal.2004),theCourtnotedthat.Ialmongthewaysthataplainte canrebutaprimafaciefipdingofprobablecauseisbyshowingthatthecriminal

16 prosecutionwasinducedbylaud,corruption,perjury,fabricatedevidence,or0th .er 17 wronlnlconductundeeqkeninbadfaith. 18 19 jjjjj. NorthCarohna'sfdisgraced'pmsecutor,MichaelB.Nifongwassentto 20 jailforwithholdingevidence1omtheDefendantsandlyingtothecourt.TheDuke

oflnvestigation' sNationalCrimelnformationCenter(NCIC)criminaldatabaseto disguisetheirfmudulentarrestwarrantasanfinterstatewarrant. 'IDist.Ct.Dkt. #1,Attacbme:t#2.page291 mmmmm. UnliketheStateofNorthCnmlinnanditsGovernorand AttorneyGeneral,theStatesofWyomingandWashingtonandtheirGovernorsand AttorneysGeneralhaveengagedinwillfulblindnessandcontrivedanddeliberate

ignorance,pradicescondemnedinUnitedStatesv.Jewell ,532F.2d697,700(9th Cir.1976)(enbanc);UnitedStatesv.znguilan80F.3d329,332( thGr.1996)(en .g banc);Spurrv.US. ,174U.S.728(1899).IseeDist.Ct.Dkt.#1,Ae ehmont#2. pages46-501

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1 nnnnn. 'l'heomeislœnductisevermom disturbingconsideringthefad 2 thats'hortlynftorbeingremovedfrom herhomewithoutawarrutinMay2006, 3 Plaintifhiredinternationally'recognizedcriminaldefenseattorneyMaryElizabeth 4 Galvan,ofMaryElizabethGalvan,P.C.,165NorthFifthStreet,Laramie,Wyoming 5 82072,(307)7457091;fax:(307)745-7094togetProsecutorBohlingtowithdraw 6 hisfalx chw es,buttonoavail.L%eDist.cxt.Dk1.#1,Ae-hmente .pages421 7 8 00000unukeMichaelB.Nifong,DefendantProsecutorRichardC.Bohling 9 andhisWyo.mingcoconspirators'mainstumblingblocksaz'ethefactsthatthem is 10 noprobablecauseforthearrestandprosecutionandnonfldavitmadebeforeaU.S. 1 11 2 MagiseaojudgetosupporttheextrntlitionpapersofDefendnntWyomingGoverno DavidDuaneFmudenthalandDefendantWasha .ngtonGovernorChristine0. 1 3 G 14 regoire. 1 15 6 ppppp. ThisCourthasaconstitutionalduty,whereashere,Federallaw

17 isbeingsubvertedinorderh)suhjectanindividunlh)theunœemintiesand

lg 19 20 21 22 23

vagariesoferiminalpmxcutionpver1100milesawaywhem thec,a% isknownto beunsupportedbyprobablecausecombinedwithafederâ'linterstateextraition thatisnotincompliancewithFederalLaw;allofwhichtakingplacewhilethe StateofWyomingisattemptingtoholdPlaintifandhercolw rationliablefor unpaidwagescau*dbytortscommiœ dbyWyoming'sagents.

24' qqqqq. PlaintA-AppellantissuFeringHeparableinjurytoherFirst, 25 FourthandFourteenthAmendmentrightsandthereforerequireinstantjudicial 26 reviewofherclaimspcsuanttoDombrowskiv.Pîsten380U.S.479,14L.Ed.2d 27 22,85S.Ct.1116(1965),asinorpmtedinYonnger
andWashingtonarese eringirreparableinjuz. ytotheirrightsunderTitle18 U. S.CA j3182;andtoabeninorencourageabsœntionistodenyanyefective

safeguardsagninntthelossofprooctedconstitlztionnlrightsandleedoms. sssss.Thus,themainissueofthisappealoughttocenteronthefactthatfor overfouryears,theknownfalseandevilchargeshavenotbeendismissed;for nearlythmeyearsthetwoDefendnntGovernnrshavenotcormdedtheir

extraditionpapèrstocomplywithkFedemlreqe mentsforagmndjuv oran aodavitmadebeforeaU.S.Mapstratejudge;andfornearlyfouryearstheMedia

DefendantshavenotreportedPlaintiFsversionofevents,describedbytheDistrict Court: GlnthecomplaGt,shetmllsataleofgovernmentcom zptionand persecutionsoextensiveandfar-reachingthatonewouldexpectit

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1 2

couldonlyhavebeenconœivedandrunoutoftheTninoisGovernor's OmceJ***G'l'heconspiracyagninstplninti#expander

4 5

ttttt. ReadtogetherwithExparteYoung,209U.S.123,Dombrowskiv.

3 (Dist.Ct.Dkt.#96atpage31

6 Pîsten380U.8.479(1965)andYoungerv.Harriq401U.S.37(1971),Beckv. 7 OhioJ379U.S.89(1964)9Wall acevkD to,549U. S.384(2007)9HnnkKHumphrey, s 51 2 U S . 4 7 7 ( 1 9 9 4 ) ; C l i n e v . Br u s e t t , e t a 1 . 6 6 1 F. 2d108(9thCir.1981);Fenegasv. . o

10 * (<10âtghne aM. l.,.720040F .2 4v(9 hCai 98q W.i s5v 8iF .3 769)0 Cr i, re .t N. 8) ;d Ta1 y1 l4 or .t Me cr h.a1 m: 8) 2;F 3lk din 15 6. ,De 15R 6e 1y(e 1s 0, t5 h2C r. 1d 99 ; 11 1 12 3 14 j5 16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Newsomev.Mccabe,256F.3d747(7$hCm Ill.2001);andDrapery.Ccmbs(1986, CA904)792F2d915,thesecasesstandforthepmpositionthatthereisaveU smallwindowoftimeandoppo> nityforaninnocentpersontochallengethe constitutionalityoftheirarrestandtheprobablecause,andindeedtheentirelegal process' reliedonformakingthearrestbeforesuseringa(Iisabilitysuchasa criminnltrial;senoncing;orine-qww -mtion-

uuuuu. NewMexicoexrel.ManuelOrtïzv.Reed,524U.S.l51(1998); Michi ganv.Doran(1978)439US282;Smithv.Idaho(1967,CA9ldaho)373F2d 149,certden(1967)388US919,18LEd2d1364,87SCt2139;Ra'onev.Sullivan (1977,DCConn)436FSupp939,mmandedwithoutop(1979,CM Conn)595F2d 1209;Wirthv.Surles(1977,CA4SC)562F2d319.45ALRFed864,certden(1978) 435US933,55LEd2d531,98SCt15099Sanders1r .Conine(1974,CAIOW#o)50 F2d530;Piersonv.Grant(1973,NDlowa)357FSupp397;Srowzlv.Nutsch(1980, CA8Neb)619F2d758;ULS.exrel.Brzozowskiv.RandMl(1968,EDPa)281F supp306,12FRServ2d68;andUnitedStatesv.PezmsylvnniaStatePolfce(1982, EDPa)548Fsupp9,standforthepmpositionthatthedWIrightsofanindividual maybevindicatedwheretheStateanditsagentsareengagedinviolationsof federalextraditionlaws. wwwww. Conm ssœdiledthmelethnllegalweamnstohelptheinnocen

simultaneouslyWndicatevaluableconstimtionnlrights:Titles28U.S.C.jj2241et seq.42U. S.C.S1983and42U.S.C.j1985.Thecivilrightsstatutesattackthe

probablecauseforthearrestwltilethehabeascorpusstatutesimpugnthe prosecutionandcontinueddetention. xxxvv. TheDLSG C'tCourtobservedthatPlnintifmadeGextensive conspiracyallegations'tendingtbdemonstratetheexistenceofadvastconspirac/'. TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStateswillnotpermitabstention. yyyyy. PlaintifscaseisproperlyalignedandpreDntedforFederal

interventionunderDombmwskiv.Ppten380U.S.479(1965)andthethree exceptionstmderYoungerv.Harris401U.S.37(1970:

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1 1.Wherethepra- z tionisinbadfaith(i.e.thestatfHowstheperson 2 t o b e i n n o c e n t ) ; o r 3 2..Wheretheprosecutionispartofsomepatternofharassmentagainst 4 anindividual;or 5 3 Wherethelawbeingenforcedisutterlyandirredeemably 6 unomgtituuonnl z 8 UnderExparteYoung,209U.S.123,andfollowingcases,the 9 ZZZZ<. 10 doctrinewasestablishedthat,whennecessaryfortheprotedionofconstitutional

l1 rights,courtsoftheUnitedStateshavepowertoenjoinstateoocersfrom

12 1 3 14 15 j6 17 lg 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

institutingcnmA . .nnjactjons.

. aaaaaa. EachDefendanthadanoppoelnl tytorebutPlaintA sevidence withtheirevidence.WiththeexceptionofDefendantHagemanandpoliceoocer EricaHurley,theDefendantschoseerremesilence.Indeed,DefendutLaramie PlninsCommlxnityFederalCmditUniondidnotsuhmitabriefontheapplicability ofKatoandHeck. 3. WhatdidyouasktheDistrictCourttodo?

(a) DeoeminewhethertheStatesofWyomingandWashingtonandtheir

namedpohticalsubdivisionswereconduetingœeninofthelnamedafairs pursuanttocustomsandusagesproscribedbytheConstitutionandLawsofthe UnitedStates?

(b) Determinewhetheraconspivac' yeviemdandisestablished. (c) DeterminewhetherPlaintifwasfalselyaccusedofcriminal

wrongdoingintheStateofWyoming.

(* DeterminewhetherPlnintiœsin-homewn- ntlessnrrlstsintheState

ofWashingtonwem lawfulwhenœnductedpu>uanttofalselegalprocess institutedinWyomingandbaseduponalocalWyomingwarrant.Ifnotlawful, whetherthetwoarrestsanddetentionswereneverthelesslawfulanddidnotviolat

theFourthand#ourteenthAmendmentsandTitle18U. S.C. Ab3182.

(e) Determinetheliability,privilegeandortheimmlinityofeachnamed

Defendant.

(5 DeterminewhethertheStateofWyomingisliableforpaymentofthe

wagesofallemployeesofEventsWorldm de,Plaintif-Appellantinduded. 4.' Statetheclaim orclaimsyouraisedatthedistrictcourt.

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2 3 4 5

6 7 8 . 10 > 1 121 1 l3 k 15 16 17 1g 19 20 21 2 2 23 24 25 26 27

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(a) CivilConspiracy. (b) Fraud-Workforœ InvestmentAdof1998,Title29U.S.C.j 2801etseq.

(c) Fraud-FedemlInoatao RvtenditionyTitle18U.S.C.j3182. (d) PassiveandAdiveNegligence(Title29U.S.C.j2801etseq. andTit1e18U.S.C.!3182). (e) F1- AmendmentSp- hlbt.nlz.ation. (9 FourthAmendmentUceasonableSeixnm.

k) (9 (i) 9)

FourthAmendmentRightofPrivacy. TortiousInterferenceWithaProspoetiveBusiness> lationship. 42U.S.C.j1983. 42U.S.C.j1985(3).

(k) FourteenthAmepdmentStateLiability. (l) NegligentTnflictionofEmotionalDistress. (m) IntentionalTnlictionofEmotionalDise ss. 5. Whatissue:areyouraisingonappeal?

(a) DidtheDistrictCmurterrwhenholdingitwasnotneœsso forthe Courtto&staddresstheissuesofsubjec. tmae rjun'mdiction;personnljurisdidion; long'armju sdidion;waiverofEleve:thAmendment(Sovereie lmmunity; judicialimmuuty;prosecutorialimmuGty;qualiledimmunity;mediaand newspaperprivilege;andtheDefendants'MotionsforSummaryJudgment?

(b) DidtheDistrictCourterrinholdingthatPlnintifcouldnot

immediatelyparsueaclaim forfalsem estbasedonacompleteabsenceofprobable causeininstitutinglegalprocess?

(c) DidtheDistrictCOM errindia issingtheComplplntbelowwithout

ârstaddmssingPlaintA scbim tàattheextraditionpaperspreparedbyDefendant GovernorDavidDuaneFreudenthalandDefendantGovernorChristine0.Gregoire

lackedanindictmentfoundoranaodavitmadebeforeaU.S.Magistratejudge;an :6

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 10 1 12

(2)thatthisandotherdefe. qintheevtodu 'q 'onpm- len- ntlybeingusedbyth StatesofWyomingandWashintnnviolatestheR- aditionClauseandthe

20 21 22 23 24 25

legalprocessbelowbygrouppleadingprivileges,defensesandimmunitiesnot commontoallmembersofthegroup? 6. Didyoupmsentalltheseissuestothedierictcou ?Yes,inthefollowing courtdocuments:

ExtraditionAct.

(d) DidtheDistridCourterrindismissingthecomplaintbelowwith prejudiœ infavoroftheMediaDefendantsonthelegalgmundsofdehmationwhen PlaintœAppellantdidnotsuethesedefendantsfordefamationandfalselight i1 zvasionofprivacy?Dist.Ct.Dkt.#108,pages26-28,paragraphs141'1501 (e) DidCounselfortheMediaDefendantslietotheCourtbelowwhen chm nterizingtheO,nmplmn .tasstatmg . acxn- oçsy+ionsr-desoation*andGfals

jg hghtinvasionofprivae ?Ipist.Ct.Dkt.#108,pages26-28,pnmraphs141-1501 14 15 (5 DidCounsplfortheMediaDefendantslietotheCourtbelowwhen 16 clnimingtheStateofWashingtondoesnotrecognizethetorttffalselightinvasionof 17 PrivaY ? 18 19 (g) DidtheDistridCourtirrinallowingtheDefendantstoconfoundthe

26 (a) DistrictCt.Dkt,#1:COMPLMNTagainstdefendants(Summonses 27 i s s u e d l A œipt#19 -4289),ftledbyLynnAvm Hust.(Attachments:#1Amdavitof 8 LynnHustinsupportofœmplaint,#2MasorT.. 'A ofExhibits.(Eù*>d: 08/15/2008) (b) DistrictCt.Dkt.#86:RESPONSE,byPlaintifLynnAnnHust,to50 MOTIONtoDismiss.(Hust,Lynnl(Entemd:11/1V2M ) (c) DistrictCt.Dkt.#97:MOTIONfotW considerationofOrderon MotionstoDismissbyPlaGtiffLyzm AnnHust.NotingDate1/9/2009,(Hust,Lym9 (Eptered:01/09/2009)

(i) DistrictCt.Dktt#1082REPLY,flledbyPlnintel, ynnAnnHust,TO RESPONSEto97MOTION forW considerationofOrderonMofïonstoDinmiss

(Entered:01/23/2009) (e) DierictCt.Dkt.#110:REPLY,ftledbyPlainti/laynnAnnHust,TO RESPONSEto97MOTION forW considerationoforderonMozïorstoDismiss (Attachments:f1Ee bit,#2Exhibit(HustsLyzmllntered:01/30/2009)

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1 7.Whatlawéupportsthex issuesonappeal?

2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1g 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 8

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) û) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) (r) (s) (t) (u) (v) (w) (x)

Article4,Section2,Clause2 Article6,Clause2 Article6,Clause3 Amendmentn' mt AmendmentFourth AmendmeniFourteenth ' Pitle18U.S.C. A.j3182 Title29U-SeCA 92801etseq. Title42U. S.CA j1983 Title42U.S.CA !1985(3) Peatsonv.Callahan,172L.Ed.2d565,2009U.S.LEMS591(2009) Fallacev.Kato,549U.S.384(2007) Heckv.Humphre.n512U.S.&77(1994) B-kv.Ohio,379U.S.89,*-97(1%* Behrensv.Pelletien516U.S.299(1996) Monellv.DepartmentofsocfalServices,436U.S.658(1978) Clinev.Brusett,eta1.661F.2d108(9thCir.1981) Feregasv.Gagnemeta1,704F.2d1144(9thCir.1983) Wz 'l>inxv.DeWyes,528F.3d790(10thCir.N-M.2008) Taylorv.Meach- .82F.3d1556,1561(10thCir.1996) Newsomev.Mccabe,256F.3d747(7thCir.111.2001) Churchv.Hubbart,6U.S.187(1804) Cohensv.Wrgïnïa,19U. S.264,428,(1821) Stateofea ' onv:Nall ,1 .)7Wn-App-647;72P.3d200(Div.2)

8.DoyouhaveanyothercasespendingintMscourt?No. 9.Haveyousledanypreviouscaseswhichhavebeendeddedbythiscourt?No. 10.N/A.

aed:March1 009 Ann

.

'

152N.E.20thAvenue BattleGround,WA98604 Plaintis'Appellant,ProSe

28