1-safety-practices-in-sports-and-exercise.pdf

Exercise Safety and First Aid

Safety Practices in Sports and Exercise

Are injuries part of sports and exercise?

INJURY This are damaged tissue or organs which occur when it encounters trauma or physical force that is greater than what it can absorb.

Factors in that influence the ability to absorb/release force 1. Inherent 4. Fitness level abnormality 5. Equipment 2. Age 6. Environmental 3. Technique aspect

Direction of Forces Applied to Musculoskeletal Structure

Direction of Forces Applied to Musculoskeletal Structure 1. Compressive 2. Tensile 3. Shear

Two classification of Injury:

Acute injury have signs and symptoms (e.g., Pain, Swelling) that manifest immediately after force application.

Two classification of Injury:

Chronic injury Chronic or overuse injuries occurs after a long period of exposure to the force.

Three types of Overuse Injury according to severity:

Stage 1 (Minimal Tear) Complain of pain only after the activity, game, or training session.

Three types of Overuse Injury according to severity:

Stage 2 (Partial Tear) Complain of pain during and after the activity, game, or training session but do not feel it during rest.

Three types of Overuse Injury according to severity:

Stage 3 (Complete Tear) Individual feels pain whether at rest or play.

Factors increase the risk of Injury

Factors increase the risk of Injury

Non-modifiable Based on Age and Gender

Factors increase the risk of Injury

Modifiable Tournament rules and Apparel

Factors increase the risk of Injury

1. Muscle Imbalance

4. Overuse

2. Inadequate warm-up 5. Age 3. Postural Defects

6. Poor Techniques

Factors increase the risk of Injury

Equipment Other Players Technique Coaching or Instruction Environmental Condition

Common

Sports Injury

Common Sports Injury

Are overstretched ligaments. Common sprains are located at the lower limbs such as the ankle and knee because they are subjected to stress daily.

Common Sprain Ligament

(Anterior Cruciate Ligament) is a connective tissue that helps stabilize the knee every time the muscles contract.

Common Sports Injury

Is a twist, pull, or tear muscle tendon. It is also an acute, non-contact injury that result from overstretching or over contraction.

Common Sports Injury

is a break, usually in a bone. Which commonly located at the upper limbs such as the hand and forearm.

Common Sports Injury

Occurs when there is an abnormal separation in the joint, where two or more bones meet. The most common dislocations are located at the upper limbs such as shoulder and elbow

Common Sports Injury

Are life threatening injuries because they disrupt the normal function on the brain.

Common

Chronic Injury

Common Chronic Injury

Occur among runners who train for long periods without adequate rest period.

Common Chronic Injury

Tendinopathy/Tendinitis The most common overuse injury in sports involves the muscle-tendon unit called tendinopathy or tendinitis

Common Chronic Injury

Is the wear and tear of a joint that results to its deterioration. The friction deteriorates the cartilage that protects the bones from rubbing against each other.

Common Chronic Injury

This injury is common in swimmers and runners. The inflammation of the bursa interrupts the surrounding structure, causing pain during movement.

Are due to excessive dehydration and high body temperature commonly attributed to training in a poor weather condition.