02 Jean Watson

Jean Watson Jean Watson is one of the few nursing theorists who consider not only the cared for but also the caregiver.

PERSONHOOD(HUMAN BEING) • PERSON, LIFE, SELF • Personhood= one’s soul possess a body • “a unity of mind/body/spirit/nature” • “fully functional integrated self “ • “greater than and different from, the sum of his or her parts”

H E A L T H “Health is not only the absence of infirmity and disease but also a state of physical, mental and social well-being.” - WHO 3 OTHER ELEMENTS a high level of overall physical, mental and social functioning a general adaptive-maintenance level of daily functioning the absence of illness (or the presence of efforts that leads its absence)

H E A L T H unity and harmony within the mind, body, and soul ILLNESS - not necessarily disease - Subjective turmoil or disharmony within the person’s inner self

ENVIRONMENT/SOCIETY Caring (and nursing) has existed in every society. A caring attitude is transmitted by the culture of the profession as a unique way of coping with its environment. Nurse’s role in the environment: attending to supportive, protective, and or corrective mental, physical, societal, and spiritual environments

NURSING Consists of knowledge, thought, values, philosophy, commitment, and action, with some degree of passion concerned with promoting health, preventing illness, caring for the sick and restoring health

Theory of Transpersonal Caring

Caring  the essence of nursing  responsiveness between the nurse and the person  Purpose: to assist the person in gaining control and becoming knowledgeable, and in the process promote health changes

3 Major Conceptual Elements of Watson’s Theory: Carative Factors (evolving toward the “Clinical Caritas Processes”) Transpersonal Caring Moment Caring Moment/Caring Occasion

Carative factors guide for the core of nursing The carative factors honor the human dimension of nursing's work and the inner life world and subjective experiences of the people we serve. Caritas - “to cherish and to give special loving attention” ”Caring factors became Clinical Caritas.

CARATIVE FACTORS

CLINICAL CARITAS

 Humanistic-altruistic  Practice of loving kindness within context of caring system of value consciousness

 Faith-Hope  Sensitivity to self and others  Helping-trusting, human care relationship

 Being authentically present and enabling the beliefs of the one being cared for and the one giving care  Cultivation of one’s own spiritual practices, going beyond self, opening to others with compassion and sensitivity  Developing and maintaining a trusting, authentic, caring relationship

CARATIVE FACTORS

CLINICAL CARITAS

 Expressing positive and negative feelings

 Being present to and supporting the positive and negative feelings with a connection of a deeper spirit

 Creative problem solving caring process

 Creative use of self

 Transpersonal teaching-learning

 Engaging in genuine teaching learning experience

CARATIVE FACTORS Supportive, protective, and/or corrective mental, physical, societal, and spiritual environment Human needs assistance Existentialphenomenologicalspiritual forces

CLINICAL CARITAS  Creating healing environment at all levels  Assisting with basic needs with a caring consciousness to align mind/body/spirit  Soul care for the one being cared for

Transpersonal Caring Relationship a special kind of human relationship dependent on :  Nurse’s commitment on protecting and enhancing human dignity and a deeper/higher self  Nurse’s caring consciousness to preserve and honor the embodied spirit, thereby not reducing the patient to a moral status of an object

Caring Occasion/Moment •

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moment when the nurse and another person come together in such a way that an occasion for human caring is created The one caring for and the one being cared for are influenced by the choices and actions decided within the relationship.