02 Evaluation And Selection Of Dental Materials

Evaluation and Selection of Dental Materials

Dr. Layla Abu Naba’a BDS, PhD, MFD RCS Assistant Professor of Prosthodontics

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OBJECTIVES • What Are Biomaterials? • Selection Of Dm Is A Part Of The Dental Care Spectrum • DM Is One Of The Fastest Developing Dental Sciences, With Ancient Roots (History) • How Do You Select Your Material • How Are Dental Materials Evaluated • Role Of The Dental Team • How To Extract Dental Material Information • References 2

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WHAT ARE BIOMATERIALS?

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BIOMATERIALS Definition: • A none living material designed to interact with a biological system “Human Body”.

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DENTAL MATERIALS Definition: The study of the materials related to the dental treatment in terms of :

 Composition  Properties  Interactions with the oral environment  Selection 5

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am D in ia at gn io H os n al is t D ac is ti ea ve St se ab ili R ze eh ab il i re ta ve te nt he r

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Dental Care D

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DM, The part of a spectrun

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VARIETIES of DM Soft or hard Intra-oral or extra-oral Restorative  Direct or indirect restorative material  Permanent or temporary  Fixed or removable

Preventive  Therapeutic  protective

Auxiliary  Required for the fabrication  Not part of the final prosthesis 7

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GROUPS OF DM

• Metals • Ceramics • Polymers • Composites

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DM is one of the fastest developing dental sciences, with ancient roots.

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HISTORY  2500 BCE Dental Diseases Treated  600-300 Bridges/ Gold Rings, Teeth  Romans Gold Shells, Fixed Bridges Full And Partial Dentures  1700 Ivory Basis And Natural Teeth Dentures 1700 Porcelain Teeth  1844 Vulcanate Denture Base  650 -1800 Silver Paste  1846 Band Amalgam  1850 Vulcanite (Sulphur Hardened Rubber) 10

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HISTORY  1879 Zinc Phosphate Cement  1880 Sillicate Cements Are Developed  1895 Amalgam Formula  1855 Gold Foil  1907 Casting Gold Inlays  1932 Resins For Denture Bases  1955 Acid Etching • 1874 Fluorides • 1945 Fluoridation Of Water 11

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HISTORY  1950s Acrylic Resin For Fillings/ Dentures  1955 Acid-etch Technique For Enamel  1970 Composites Replace Silicate Cements  1976  1978

Glass-ionomer Cements

 1983  1985

Resin-bonded Ceramic Veneer

 1988  1994

Resin-modified Glass-ionomer

Light-activated Composites Appear On The Market Dentine Bonding Agents Compomer 12

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How do you select the material?

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Analysis Situations requiring the dental material provide different conditions Example Filling material • Age • Position • Depth of cavity • Colour • Stress 14

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Requirements What are the criteria the dental material must have to perform optimally in the previous situation Fillings  Adhesive  Colour  Compatible with other material 15

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Available material  In the country  In the store  In the surgery

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Choice of material  Knowledge  Personal preference  Experience  Quality  Application  Cost 17

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Evaluation of dental materials Quality assurance

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Standard Specifications Identifies the required properties of material to insure satisfactory performance if the material is properly manipulated.

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Standard Specifications  Develop new specifications (a minimal permissible result)  Review old standards regularly  Look for evidence of Safety Efficacy evidence 20

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Quality assurance Bodies and Programs  American National standards institute (ANSI)  American Dental Association (ADA) Standards committee for dental products (SCDP) Council on scientific affairs (CSA)

 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)  Federation Dentaire internationale (FDI)  International organization for Standardisation (ISO)  ISO technical committee, ISO TC 106Dentistry  CE 21

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Sources of Standards information  Research organisations • Laboratory evidence  Universities (in-vitro)  Dental Profession  Manufacturers  Users  Consumer groups  Dental vendors  Testing laboratories  Governments

• Clinical Evidence (in-vivo)

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Role Of The Dental Team

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Dentists, Assistants & Technicians  Proper Selection  Care  Safety  Delivery  Application  Use and handling  Disposal  Advice 24

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How to extract information Get the most of what you have

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Sources of DM Knowledge          

Text books (Basic) Professional journals (Scientific) Lectures (General) Review bodies (Comparisons) Certificates prerequisites (Detailed) Materials containers, leaflets and packages (Use) Internet links Manufacturers Expert personal contact Material representatives 26

Evidence based knowledge; Clinical studies

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Systematic review articles, meta analysis

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Critical reviews

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Long term clinical trials

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Cohort studies on subjects

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Follow up studies of material longevity

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Short term clinical studies

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Animal experiments

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Physical properties data

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In-vitro experiments

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Deductions from clinical trials

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(if more F release then less caries, high strength ceramics have less failure) 27

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Examples of Review bodies • Reality • Dental advisor • Clinical research associates

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The package • • • • • • • •

Name of the material Company or manufacturer details Main and sub category Uses Ingredients Contents Approval body Production and expiry dates 29

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The package

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Storage (Temperature and humidity) Dispensation method Working and Setting times Handling (read symbols) Safety instructions Disposal method recommended Other specifications 31

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Storage

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Clinical use

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Caution and Safety

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Thank you

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REFERENCES

PUBLICATIO Y ED N EAR COMPANY

NAME

AUTHORS

Clinical experience, Assistant professor, Prosthodontics

Dr Layla AbuNaba'a BDS, PhD, MFDRCS

Philips Science of Dental Materials

Kenneth J.Anusavice 

Saunders Publications 

Applied Dental Materials

J.F. McCabe  

Introduction to Dental Materials Dental Materials and Their Selection    Dental Materials. Clinical Applications for Dental Assistants and Dental

Jordan university of Science and Technology

C ODE

2 006

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2 003

 

Blackwell Scientific

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Van Noort 

Mosby 

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William J. Obrien

Quintessens e Books

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CD. Hatrick et al

Saunders Publications 

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2 002 2 002 

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