Zika
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ZIKA
WHAT CAUSE THE DISEASE? By Aedes mosquitoes • Bite during the day • White markings on its legs
WHAT IS ITS BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE? HEAD
ANTENNA
THORAX ABDOMEN • •
White markings on its legs Lyre on upper surface of its thorax
EYE WINGS LEGS
SYMPTOMS • Incubation period: 3-14 days • Symptoms last for 2-7 days • Fever, rash, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, malaise or headache • Infection during pregnancy can cause infants to be born with congenital Zika syndrome, and also associated with preterm birth or miscarriage
EPIDEMIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY
Infection is prevalent in tropical rainforest area (Africa, Central America, South East Asia)
The number peaked during 2016. As people spread the disease by travelling from affected area to their hometown.
PATHOLOGY •ZIKA VIRUS DIRECTLY INFECTS BRAIN CELLS AND EVADES IMMUNE SYSTEM •MICROCEPHALY •GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME (GBS) •CONGENITAL ZIKA SYNDROME • • • •
SEVERE MICROCEPHALY DECREASE IN BRAIN TISSUE DAMAGE TO THE BACK OF THE EYE JOINTS WITH LIMITED RANGE OF MOTION
BIOLEVEL ZIKV is classified as a level 2 or level 3 pathogen.
TREATMENT relieving symptoms with rest, fluids and medications to relieve joint pain and fever.
PROGNOSIS Cause long-term damage to the memory ZIKA VIRUS INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY, MICROCEPHALY IS A BIRTH DEFECT WHERE A BABY’S HEAD IS SMALLER THAN EXPECTED WHEN COMPARED TO BABIES OF THE SAME SEX AND AGE. BABIES WITH MICROCEPHALY OFTENHAVE SMALLER BRAINS THAT MIGHT NOT HAVE DEVELOPED PROPERLY.
CAN THE INFECTION BE CURED? There is no treatment available for Zika virus infection or its associated diseases. Protection against mosquito bites during the day and early evening is a key measure to prevent Zika virus infection.
CURRENT RESEARCH They try to develop a vaccine They found supporting further investigation of using the repurposed drug as a potential treatment for Zika-infected adults, including pregnant women. In addition, it had been reported that “sofosbuvir” was protective against Zika in different cell types.
WHAT CAUSE THE DISEASE? By Aedes mosquitoes • Bite during the day • White markings on its legs
WHAT IS ITS BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE? HEAD
ANTENNA
THORAX ABDOMEN • •
White markings on its legs Lyre on upper surface of its thorax
EYE WINGS LEGS
SYMPTOMS • Incubation period: 3-14 days • Symptoms last for 2-7 days • Fever, rash, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, malaise or headache • Infection during pregnancy can cause infants to be born with congenital Zika syndrome, and also associated with preterm birth or miscarriage
EPIDEMIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY
Infection is prevalent in tropical rainforest area (Africa, Central America, South East Asia)
The number peaked during 2016. As people spread the disease by travelling from affected area to their hometown.
PATHOLOGY •ZIKA VIRUS DIRECTLY INFECTS BRAIN CELLS AND EVADES IMMUNE SYSTEM •MICROCEPHALY •GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME (GBS) •CONGENITAL ZIKA SYNDROME • • • •
SEVERE MICROCEPHALY DECREASE IN BRAIN TISSUE DAMAGE TO THE BACK OF THE EYE JOINTS WITH LIMITED RANGE OF MOTION
BIOLEVEL ZIKV is classified as a level 2 or level 3 pathogen.
TREATMENT relieving symptoms with rest, fluids and medications to relieve joint pain and fever.
PROGNOSIS Cause long-term damage to the memory ZIKA VIRUS INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY, MICROCEPHALY IS A BIRTH DEFECT WHERE A BABY’S HEAD IS SMALLER THAN EXPECTED WHEN COMPARED TO BABIES OF THE SAME SEX AND AGE. BABIES WITH MICROCEPHALY OFTENHAVE SMALLER BRAINS THAT MIGHT NOT HAVE DEVELOPED PROPERLY.
CAN THE INFECTION BE CURED? There is no treatment available for Zika virus infection or its associated diseases. Protection against mosquito bites during the day and early evening is a key measure to prevent Zika virus infection.
CURRENT RESEARCH They try to develop a vaccine They found supporting further investigation of using the repurposed drug as a potential treatment for Zika-infected adults, including pregnant women. In addition, it had been reported that “sofosbuvir” was protective against Zika in different cell types.
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