World War 2: Ramsey

World War 2 3/11/09 U.S. is revving up to prepare for the war after the Pearl Harbor attacks - all production is shifting from consumer to war; War Production Board (WPA) - mobilizing: victory gardens, rationing - men were being drafted  shortages of labor causes women to be in workforce - Propaganda Machine—more sophisticated, movies, news reels, cartoons - War Labor Board, unions were discouraged Japanese in U.S. -Internment/ prison camps in Nevada because the Japanese were accused of being spies - West Coast mostly - held until the end of war - Apology and reparations - The Japanese held were American, native citizens - In Hawaii, there was Marshall Law—no constitutional rights provided European Theater - Players: (U.S in N. Africa) George Patton, Dwight Eisenhower - Brit. General—Bernard Montgomery - German General—Erwin Rommel “sly fox”, defeated at “El Alamein” - George Patton—fall of Rome - Eisenhower—Normandy, France D-Day - Also called operation OVERLORD - June, 6, 1944. Normandy, FR. - Marshall (John?) thinks of D-Day Plan, Eisenhower orchestrates the surprise attacks - Plain: set up fake equipment at another site (Calais) but secretly invade Normandy to get closer to the German border. - leads to deeper in France; liberation of Paris Germany is sandwiched between Allies on the West and Soviets on the East. - Battle of the Bulge: Last major German offensive. Tehran Conference - Iran, 1st time discussion of what Germany was going to be like after the war - Divide Germany into zones Yalta Conference 1945 - Stalin, Churchill, FDR - Talk about what to do w/ newly liberated countries FDR dies, Harry Truman takes over Victory in Europe

- German surrender May 7 1945. - VE Day, May 8 1945 - Shuts down European theater - Supposedly Hitler committed suicide under a bunker in Berlin. Pacific Theater Japanese follow up to the Philippines - occupy all islands: Philippines, guam - Players: Douglas MacArthur (Supreme commander of pacific troops), Chester Nimitz - Patan (sp?) Death March—the torture of Douglas MacArthur’s troops after he (MacArthur) left for supplies. - Early victory: the U.S. plan was usually defensive but the Battle of Midway was a surprise offensive. It was a morale booster. - Shifted the power in the pacific - U.S.—island hopping, attack at random - Battle of Coral Sea—shuts down invasion of Australia October 1944 - MacArthur’s troops take back the Philippines Iwo Jima - 750 miles from Tokyo - 6 weeks, bloody - Allied Victory Okinawa - 12 wk, close to Tokyo - Tremendous casualties for Japanese - Bloody, like Iwo Jima These two battles convince Truman that Japanese will not give up Manhattan Project to end the war once and for all. Atomic Bombs - Hiroshima—Aug. 6 Enola Gay (Plane) - Nagasaki—Aug. 9 - After that Japan started negotiating, end of the war - August 1945—Formal Japanese surrender