Work Study

Institute of Quality & Technology Management Faculty of Engineering & Technology University of the Punjab, Lahore. Program: BSc Industrial Engineering & Management Quiz # 2 Course Instructor: Sana Hassan Module: Facilities Planning, Warehousing and Mat Handling Total Marks: 15 Duration: 35 Min

Question # 1 Define: Takt Time Risk Health

Marks: 3

Question # 2 Explain Cost Reduction Formula.

5

Question # 3 What are the Hazards related to Fork lift trucks and their Control.

5.

Question # 4 What is the difference between Workplace Safety Sign and Visual Safety Sign give example. 2

FACILITIES PLANNING,WAREHOUSING & MATERIAL HANDLING

LECTURE No. 13  MANUFACTURING FACILITY DESIGN  Importance of Manufacturing Facility Design  What does it includes:  Plant Location  Building Design  Plant Layout  Material Handling  Manufacturing facilities design  Improvement Of Warehousing Operations  Organization  Productive System and Management Work Study Method Study Work Measurement: Difference between Method Study and Work Measurement The Objectives Of Work Study Objectives of Method Study Procedure of Method Study

Institute of Quality and Technology Management

Work Study

It is the systematic investigation of human activities necessary to perform a given task economically. Work study techniques can be classified in two areas:  Method study  Work measurement

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Method Study:

It is the systematic recording and critical examination of existing and proposed ways of doing work as a means of developing and applying easier and more effective methods and reducing cost.

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Work Measurement:

It involves the application of the time study technique designed to establish the time for a qualified worker to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance.

Difference between Method Study and Work Measurement: Method study is concerned with the relation of work content of a job or operation, while work measurement is mostly concerned with the investigation and reduction of any inefficient time associated with it.

The Objectives Of Work Study •

To find out economical way of doing work.

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Standardizing the methods, materials, tools and equipment.

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Accurately determining the time required by a qualified

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Assisting In training of the worker On new improved methods.

Method Study

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Objectives of Method Study

b)

To improve the process and procedure. To improve the workplace layout. To design the efficient equipment. Economy in human effort and reduction in unnecessary fatigue. Improvement in the use of materials, machines and manpower. Development of better working environment.

c) d) e) f) g)

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Procedure of Method Study

c) d) e) f) g) h) i)

Select the job to be studied. Record the relevant facts. Analyze or examine these data/facts. Develop an improved method. Define the new method. Install the new improved method. Maintain the new improved method.

Economic Analysis The new practice should not be installed without verifying the economic benefit.

Method Study Flow Chart   

Method Study a)

A Select the Job:

the job with following characteristics is more suitable for method study: iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix.

Job with large work content. Jobs with long delivery schedules. Jobs with large man or machine idle time. Jobs with poor interest of workers. Jobs with large variation in output. Jobs with quality variation.

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Some other factors

iii. iv.

Technical Consideration Human reaction

Method Study a)

Record the Facts and Data

The most commonly used techniques used for this purpose are chats and diagrams. Charts can be classified in three types: 4)

Process Charts

6)

Activity Charts

8)

Movement Charts

Another division of charts is as follow:  Charts not recorded to time scales  Charts recorded to time scales

1)

Process Charts

ii. iii.

Operation or outline process chart. Flow process chart.

2) Activity Charts vi. vii.

Man-machine chart Left hand-right hand activity chart

3) Movement Charts x. xi. xii.

Travel charts Flow diagram String diagram

Method Study In process charts activities are classified as operation, inspection, transport, delay and storage. Various symbols are used to identify each activity.

Delay-D Indicate the delay in the sequence of events.

StorageOperation-O indicate the main steps in a process, method or procedure.

InspectionIndicate an inspection for quality and/or check for quantity.

TransportIndicate the movement of workers, materials, or equipment from place to place.

Indicates the controlled storage.

Method Study •

Operation Process Chart (Outline Process Chart)

It gives an overall picture by recording in sequence only the main operations and inspections.

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Man-Machine Charts or Activity Charts:

These charts may include: 1 Man- 1 Machine charts 1 Man-2 Machine charts 1 Man-3 Machine Charts 2 Men-1 Machine chart and so on

Flow Process Charts

Is a process chart for setting out the sequence of the flow of a product or a procedure by recording all events under review using the appropriate process chart symbols.

Left-hand Right-hand Charts Micro motions are to be recorded.

AB Manufacturing Co. Ltd Man Machine Chart Shop…….. Machine…… Operator……… Date………….. No. 1 2 3

Man

Time

Load work

2:15

Turn Manual Idle

0:45 3:00

Time 2:15

Machine

No

Idle

1

3:45

Turning

3:00

Inspection

2 3

Method Study •

Travel Chart

Is a tabular record for presenting quantitative data about the movements of the workers, materials or equipment between any number of places over any given period of time.

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Flow Diagram

They are made on the scale plan of the work place.

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String Diagrams

A string diagram is a scale plan or model on which a thread is used to trace the path of the worker movements during specific period of study.

Method Study d) b)

Analyze

The data regarding the existing method is examined systematically. stepwise investigation is made of each activity. The areas of investigation includes: Purpose Place Person Sequence means

Develop the analysis of existing method leads to the development of an alternate method.

e) Define After practical test the activities of new method are defined as written standard.

f) Install The workers are trained on the improved method before installing the new improved method.

g) Maintain Periodic follows up of the standard or improved method is necessary to ensure that the method is actually being practiced as defined.