Wm In Mumbai

Urbanisation And Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Case Study Of Mumbai Sarika Kansal IGIDR, Mumbai

Different types of Solid Waste Municipal Solid Waste Industrial Solid Waste

Hazardous Solid Waste

Present Scenario of Solid Waste Management in India

• • • • • •

100-500 grams per capita waste Dirty streets and cities Unhygienic conditions Loss of reusable / recyclable material Pollution due to burning of waste Local as well as global air pollution

Municipal Solid Waste Management in Mumbai • MCGB • Bombay Municipal Corporation (B.M.C.) Act 1888. • 6256 tones per day waste generated in Mumbai. • Per capita waste generated is 0.450 kg, highest in Indian cities • One of the best waste management systems in India.

Map Showing Different wards (24) of Mumbai

Waste Disposal Options

• • • • • • •

Sanitary Land-filling (Open Dump) method Composting and Vermi-composting Incineration Pelletization Gasification / Pyrolysis Anaerobic treatment of solid waste Conversion to biogas

Landfill sites (Open dumps) in Mumbai

Location

Deonar Mulund Chincholi Gorai

Area(Hectar Quantity es) received in TPD 111 3140 25.20 275 19.22 1163 14.5 424

Formal and Informal sector in SWM • • • • • • • •

Formal sector: Municipality Staff – 39,845 Collection efficiency – 90% (Municipal Data) Informal sector: Rag pickers 1,00,000 rag pickers Collect 25 % (excluding debris) Sell reusable of value Rs. 900 million every year No coordination between two sectors

Composition of MSW in Mumbai 10.55%

15%

0.75% 0.80% 0.40%

37.50% 35%

Paper and cardboard Plastics Metals (ferrous) Glass Sand & fine earth Compostable matter Others

Composition of Municipal solid waste in Mumbai

Rs. crore

Budget Provision for Solid Waste Management Services in Mumbai

500 400 300 200

250

314

247

350

400

100 0 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 Year

19992000

20002001

Problems of MSW Management in Mumbai • Overflowing Community Bins • Waste littering in many places • Waste Management services not satisfactory

Reasons • Institutional deficiencies (Problem of Governance) – Lack of coordination between different departments for MSW management services. – Low Productivity of solid waste management staff

• Lack of public participation

Possible Environmental Impact of Waste • Open dumping: • Degradation of land resources • Health Impacts • Contamination of surface and groundwater supplies

• Open burning: Urban air pollution • Decomposition of organic wastes: release of methane which contributes to greenhouse effect.

Impact of SWM on Environmental Resources Environmenta l Resources

Activities connected to SWM B urni ng +ve

Sorting

Land

Collection + D Transport umpi ng -ve

Air

-ve

-ve

+ve

Water

-ve -ve

+ve

+ve

Future Research Direction • Estimation of health impact on Waste pickers and general public • How to encourage Community Participation (Economic instruments, Legislations, Force)? • Estimation of contribution of waste on global environment • How to promote efficient municipal government?