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Switched-Mode Power Supply (SMPS)
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Definition - What does Switched-Mode Power Supply (SMPS) mean?
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A switched-mode power supply (SMPS) is an electronic circuit that
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converts power using switching devices that are turned on and off at high frequencies, and storage components such as inductors or capacitors to
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supply power when the switching device is in its non-conduction state.
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Switching power supplies have high efficiency and are widely used in a
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variety of electronic equipment, including computers and other sensitive
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equipment requiring stable and efficient power supply. A switched-mode power supply is also known as a switch-mode power
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supply or switching-mode power supply.
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Techopedia explains Switched-Mode Power Supply (SMPS)
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Switched-mode power supplies are classified according to the type of New Whitepaper: Best Ways
input and output voltages. The four major categories are:
to Extend Endpoint AC to DC
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DC to DC
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DC to AC AC to AC
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A basic isolated AC to DC switched-mode power supply consists of:
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Input rectifier and filter Inverter consisting of switching devices such as MOSFETs
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Output rectifier and filter Feedback and control circuit What's really going on in that
The input DC supply from a rectifier or battery is fed to the inverter where
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it is turned on and off at high frequencies of between 20 KHz and 200 KHz by the switching MOSFET or power transistors. The high-frequency voltage pulses from the inverter are fed to the transformer primary
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winding, and the secondary AC output is rectified and smoothed to
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produce the required DC voltages. A feedback circuit monitors the output
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voltage and instructs the control circuit to adjust the duty cycle to maintain the output at the desired level.
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There are different circuit configurations known as topologies, each having unique characteristics, advantages and modes of operation, which
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determines how the input power is transferred to the output. Most of the commonly used topologies such as flyback, push-pull, half bridge and full bridge, consist of a transformer to provide isolation, voltage
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scaling, and multiple output voltages. The non-isolated configurations do not have a transformer and the power conversion is provided by the inductive energy transfer.
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Advantages of switched-mode power supplies: Higher efficiency of 68% to 90%
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Regulated and reliable outputs regardless of variations in input supply voltage Small size and lighter
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Flexible technology High power density Disadvantages: Generates electromagnetic interference Complex circuit design Expensive compared to linear supplies Switched-mode power supplies are used to power a wide variety of equipment such as computers, sensitive electronics, battery-operated devices and other equipment requiring high efficiency.
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Related Terms Voltage Regulator Capacitor Inductor Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) Transistor Power Supply Rectifier Consumer Electronics (CE) Topology Circuit
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Related Tags Hardware
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Misspellings:
Switched Mode Power Supply Synonyms:
Switch-Mode Power Supply, Switching-Mode Power Supply
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