Weather And Climate

Weather and Climate A Course for S1

Weather Elements 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Temperature Precipitation Wind Speed Wind Direction Cloud Cover Cloud Type Visibility Air Pressure

How do we measure the weather ? Precipitation

Max & Min. Thermometer Rain Gauge

Air Pressure

Barometer

Wind Speed

Anemometer

Wind Direction

Wind Vane

Cloud Type

Observation

Cloud Cover

Observation

Visibility

Observation

Temperature

The Stevenson Screen Characteristics – It is white – It has slatted sides – It has a double roof – It is on stilts – Its door opens northwards

Name all of the following instruments

What type of cloud is this ?

Found at high altitudes CIRRUS

What type of cloud is this ?

They rise to very great heights and are associated with thunderstorms CUMULONIMBUS

What type of cloud is this ?

Often known as fair-weather clouds - CUMULUS

What type of cloud is this ?

Fog-like cloud near the ground - STRATUS.

An interesting website http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/gcsebitesize/ geography/weather_and_climate/elements_ of_weather_rev.shtml#cloud

What is the difference between weather and climate ? WEATHER CLIMATE

is about day to day is the average or changes in the typical weather of atmosphere. It a place worked out includes changes over a long period in temperature, of time. rainfall, sunshine & wind) We know that in Britain it gets cold in the winter and warm in the summer. This is climate. But we don't know if it is going to be warm tomorrow or not. This is the weather.

Microclimate Differences in TEMPERATURE are due to : Hills - make the climate cooler Trees - also make the climate cooler Water - also cools down the surrounding area Type of Surface - a dark surface is warmer than a light surface Buildings - may give off heat Aspect - south-facing slopes are warmer - WHY ?

Microclimate (continued) Differences in wind speed are affected by : Hills - hilltops are windier Water areas - produce more wind Buildings - generally reduce wind speed but can channel winds and increase their speed Trees, hedges and walls - reduce wind speed over a short distance

United Kingdom – Rainfall Figures Look at the map of rainfall figures for the United Kingdom 6. Which area is the

wettest ? 7. Which area is the driest ?

United Kingdom – January Temperatures 1. Where are the

temperatures warmest ? 2. Where are the temperatures coldest ?

United Kingdom – July Temperatures 1. Where are the

temperatures warmest ? 2. Where are the temperatures coldest ? 3. How does the pattern differ from January ?

Relief Rainfall ✔ Stage 1.

Warm wet air is forced to rise over high land. ✔ Stage 2.

As the air rises it cools and condenses. Clouds form and precipitation occurs. ✔ Stage 3.

The drier air descends and warms. ✔ Stage 4. ✔ Any moisture in the

air (e.g. cloud)