Volcanoes 2

A volcano is like a chimney in the Earth’s crust (surface) where magma flows out A

In 1883, a volcano called Krakatoa erupted at first.

Volcano Krakatoa

The inside of the Earth is very hot, and some of the liquid rock called magma. Eventually magma, gases and ash break through a hole in the Earth’s surface. The hole is called vent. When magma lives the vent, it becomes lava. Plate tectonics theory explains how volcanoes form. Some volcanoes form above a hot spot, which is a very hot place in the mantle.

Contents: gas, water,water vapour, lava, ash. Scientists put volcanoes in to three groups: An active volcano is one that is erupting or will some erupt. A dormant volcano, is one that has not erupted for a long time. An exiting volcano is one that has not erupted for more than 10.000 years.

Are in many places in the world,in many different shapes and sizes.

TYPES OF THE VOLCANO FISSURE VOLCANO SHIELD VOLCANO DOME VOLCANO ASH - CINDER VOLCANO COMPOSITE VOLCANO CALDERA VOLCANO

Volcanoes produce lava and rocks find on the Earth’s surface. Magma forms igneous rocks. These fragments are called thepra.

TYPES OF THEPRA BOMB LAPILLI ASH DUST

Lava

Liquid lava flows fast and forms smooth folds that look like rope. It’s called pahoehoe. When slow, stick lava gets hard, it forms rocks whit sharp edges. This is called aa. Sometimes lava forms long, things strings like human hair. It’s called pele’s hair.

The floor of the ocean is similar to dry land. There are flat plains, mountain, ridges, canyons and trenches in the ocean floor. There are more volcanoes under the ocean than on land.

The minerals and chemicals in the lava and ash make the soil fertile so it’s good for farming. Volcanoes also help to pruduce electricity. They heat rocks that are near the Earth’s crust. When this rocks heat underground water, it turns to steam. People use this steam to make electricity. This is called geothermal energy.

Special scientists are called volcanolagists. They study volcanoes is different ways. They study rocks and ash from long ago. This helps to know about the volcanos history and to know what it is going to do. Volcanologists wear special suits while they collect lava.

Carlos JOVÉ i