Visual Perceptual Skills
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REHABILITATION DEPARTMENT OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
VISUAL PERCEPTUAL SKILLS *Compensatory treatment activities: treatment activities designed to aid the individual in compensating for the visual perception deficits & helping them to work with the visual perceptual skills that they have. 1. CONTRAST - place colored labels on items; put elements contrasting objects (coffee in white mug, milk in dark glass). 2. LIGHTING - utilize halogen lights that avoid shadows; motion lights that turn on when an individual enters the room (prevents falls) 3.
SOLID COLORS - use solid colors for background surfaces (solid towels, rugs, furniture, countertops, dishes) as it may be difficult to identify objects with patterns that blend; add color to assist in finding objects (fork=blue, spoons=white, plates=red).
4.
CLUTTER - place the least amount of items in cupboards, closets, countertops, etc. as it is less confusing for individuals.
5.
BOLD LETTERING - use bold tip markers/pens for notes/labels on items to make bigger letters and easy reading.
6.
SENSORY SYSTEMS - encourage individual to utilize other senses (tactile, hearing, smell) stimuli to compensate for VP deficits.
7.
DRIVING - if individuals meet criteria to be eligible to drive, encourage driving only during daylight hours as it is easier to see.
8.
NEGLECT - if individual experiences neglect, place items on individual’s unaffected side (right neglect - plate, hairbrush, and pen on left side) and talk to them on the unaffected side as well.
9.
ENVIRONMENT - give the individual pictures of objects in the house and write down where the object can be found in the house; fabricate colored arrows to mark frequently used routes (red arrow=living room to bedroom, etc).
Warren, M. (2006) Chapter 23. Evaluation and treatment of visual deficits following brain injury. In. H.M. Pendleton & W. Schultz-Krohn (eds). Pedretti’s Occupational therapy: Practice skills for physical dysfunction (6th ed. pp. 532-572). St. Louis: Mosby, Inc
REHABILITATION DEPARTMENT OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
VISUAL PERCEPTUAL SKILLS *Retraining treatment activities: Activities designed to aid a person in recognizing deficits and working to improve the ability to function independently by re-teaching visual perceptual skills. 1.
Flashlight target practice - turn off light, partner aims flashlight at a spot on wall and individual must hit partner’s spot with his/her flashlight.
2.
Assembly of objects - encourage individual to put together objects (canister + lid = 2 items) & gradually upgrade activity to assembling more objects (coffee pot = 5-7 items).
3.
Parquetry blocks; puzzles; pegboard activities
4.
Scanning activities - have individual cross out a letter every time it appears in a sentence of a newspaper, note, etc.; word searches; crossword puzzles; different reading/writing tasks to facilitate VP skills.
5.
Pictures – look at people from magazines & identify if person in picture is short, tall, slim, obese, etc.; upgrade activity to identifying self/others in mirror & defining personal characteristics
6.
Housekeeping - encourage dusting/vacuuming, to help VP skills & eye-hand coordination.
7.
Photographs - have individual look at familiar photos of loved ones/friends/etc. & pick out familiar faces from background.
8.
Coin activities - set out an array of coins & have individual pick out a quarter/penny/etc. from the pocket change.
9.
Sensory systems - encourage individual to utilize other senses (hearing, tactile, smell) to aid in the visual perception skills
10.
Organization - encourage individual to stay organized (shoes on shoe rack, dishes in cupboard, dresses in closet, laundry in basket, etc.).
11.
Neglect - if individual experiences neglect, place items on affected side, talk to individual on affected side and encourage them to do the same.
12.
Consistency - it is vital to be consistent with directions and tasks in order to help the individual to be successful in these activities.
Warren, M. (2006) Chapter 23. Evaluation and treatment of visual deficits following brain injury. In. H.M. Pendleton & W. Schultz-Krohn (eds). Pedretti’s Occupational therapy: Practice skills for physical dysfunction (6th ed. pp. 532-572). St. Louis: Mosby, Inc.
VISUAL PERCEPTUAL SKILLS *Compensatory treatment activities: treatment activities designed to aid the individual in compensating for the visual perception deficits & helping them to work with the visual perceptual skills that they have. 1. CONTRAST - place colored labels on items; put elements contrasting objects (coffee in white mug, milk in dark glass). 2. LIGHTING - utilize halogen lights that avoid shadows; motion lights that turn on when an individual enters the room (prevents falls) 3.
SOLID COLORS - use solid colors for background surfaces (solid towels, rugs, furniture, countertops, dishes) as it may be difficult to identify objects with patterns that blend; add color to assist in finding objects (fork=blue, spoons=white, plates=red).
4.
CLUTTER - place the least amount of items in cupboards, closets, countertops, etc. as it is less confusing for individuals.
5.
BOLD LETTERING - use bold tip markers/pens for notes/labels on items to make bigger letters and easy reading.
6.
SENSORY SYSTEMS - encourage individual to utilize other senses (tactile, hearing, smell) stimuli to compensate for VP deficits.
7.
DRIVING - if individuals meet criteria to be eligible to drive, encourage driving only during daylight hours as it is easier to see.
8.
NEGLECT - if individual experiences neglect, place items on individual’s unaffected side (right neglect - plate, hairbrush, and pen on left side) and talk to them on the unaffected side as well.
9.
ENVIRONMENT - give the individual pictures of objects in the house and write down where the object can be found in the house; fabricate colored arrows to mark frequently used routes (red arrow=living room to bedroom, etc).
Warren, M. (2006) Chapter 23. Evaluation and treatment of visual deficits following brain injury. In. H.M. Pendleton & W. Schultz-Krohn (eds). Pedretti’s Occupational therapy: Practice skills for physical dysfunction (6th ed. pp. 532-572). St. Louis: Mosby, Inc
REHABILITATION DEPARTMENT OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
VISUAL PERCEPTUAL SKILLS *Retraining treatment activities: Activities designed to aid a person in recognizing deficits and working to improve the ability to function independently by re-teaching visual perceptual skills. 1.
Flashlight target practice - turn off light, partner aims flashlight at a spot on wall and individual must hit partner’s spot with his/her flashlight.
2.
Assembly of objects - encourage individual to put together objects (canister + lid = 2 items) & gradually upgrade activity to assembling more objects (coffee pot = 5-7 items).
3.
Parquetry blocks; puzzles; pegboard activities
4.
Scanning activities - have individual cross out a letter every time it appears in a sentence of a newspaper, note, etc.; word searches; crossword puzzles; different reading/writing tasks to facilitate VP skills.
5.
Pictures – look at people from magazines & identify if person in picture is short, tall, slim, obese, etc.; upgrade activity to identifying self/others in mirror & defining personal characteristics
6.
Housekeeping - encourage dusting/vacuuming, to help VP skills & eye-hand coordination.
7.
Photographs - have individual look at familiar photos of loved ones/friends/etc. & pick out familiar faces from background.
8.
Coin activities - set out an array of coins & have individual pick out a quarter/penny/etc. from the pocket change.
9.
Sensory systems - encourage individual to utilize other senses (hearing, tactile, smell) to aid in the visual perception skills
10.
Organization - encourage individual to stay organized (shoes on shoe rack, dishes in cupboard, dresses in closet, laundry in basket, etc.).
11.
Neglect - if individual experiences neglect, place items on affected side, talk to individual on affected side and encourage them to do the same.
12.
Consistency - it is vital to be consistent with directions and tasks in order to help the individual to be successful in these activities.
Warren, M. (2006) Chapter 23. Evaluation and treatment of visual deficits following brain injury. In. H.M. Pendleton & W. Schultz-Krohn (eds). Pedretti’s Occupational therapy: Practice skills for physical dysfunction (6th ed. pp. 532-572). St. Louis: Mosby, Inc.
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