Virtual Retinal Display- Kaustuv Chakraborti(cse 27)
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Virtual Retinal Display Kaustuv Chakraborti Roll no-06/CSE/27
What is it? • A virtual retinal display (VRD), also known as a retinal scan display (RSD) or retinal projector, is a display technology that draws a raster display (like a television) directly onto the retina of the eye. The user sees what appears to be a conventional display floating in space in front of them
History •
In the past similar systems have been made by projecting a defocused image directly in front of the user's eye on a small "screen", normally in the form of large glasses. The user focused their eyes on the background, where the screen appeared to be floating. The disadvantage of these systems was the limited area covered by the "screen", the high weight of the small televisions used to project the display, and the fact that the image would appear focused only if the user was focusing at a particular "depth". Limited brightness made them useful only in indoor settings as well.
How it started? •
The VRD was invented at the University of Washington in the Human Interface Technology Lab in 1991. Most of this research into VRDs to date has been in combination with various virtual reality systems. The development began in November 1993.
•
The aim was to produce a full color,wide field-of-view, high resolution, high brightness, low cost virtual display.
•
Microvision Inc. has the exclusive license to commercialize the VRD technology.
•
This technology has many potential applications, from headmounted displays (HMDs) for military/aerospace applications to medical society.
Why Do we need it? • Our window into the digital universe has long been a glowing screen perched on a desk.It's called a computer monitor • Advantages like full color,wide field-of-view, high resolution, high brightness, low cost virtual display. • The VRD system scanning light into only one of our eyes allows images to be laid over our view of real objects. • VRD system can also show an image in each eye with a very little angle difference for simulating three-dimensional scenes with high fidelity spectral colours.. • This system only generates essentially needed photons, and as such it is more efficient for mobile devices that are only designed to serve a single user. A VRD could potentially use tens or hundreds of times less power for Mobile Telephone and Netbook based applications.
How it works?
• •
The Virtual Retinal Display presents video information by scanning modulated light in a raster pattern directly onto the viewer's retina. As the light scans the eye, its intensity is modulated. On a basic level, as shown in the above figure, the VRD consists of a light source, a modulator, vertical and horizontal scanners, and imaging optics (to focus the light beam and optically condition the scan).
• The resultant imaged formed on the retina is perceived as a wide field of view image originating from some viewing distance in space. • The following figure illustrates the light raster on the retina and the resultant image perceived in space.
Safety first •
It is believed that VRD based Laser or LED displays are not harmful to the human eye, as they are of a far lower intensity than those that are deemed hazardous to vision, the beam is spread over a greater surface area, and does not rest on a single point for an extended period of time
UTILITY
Military Utilities • VRDs were initially developed for military use. Such devices are currently in use with several military units, such as the U.S. Army's Stryker Brigade. • The commander of a Stryker armored vehicle can view its onboard battlefield computer with a helmet-mounted daylight-readable display. This allows the commander to observe the surroundings, drive the Stryker, choose the best path and share tactical information at the same time. • A similar device is used by fighter and helicopters pilots.
Medical Utilities • A similar system can be used by doctors for complex operations. While a surgeon is operating, he can keep track of vital patient data, such as blood pressure or heart rate, on a VRD. For procedures such as the placement of a catheter stent, overlaid images prepared from previously obtained magnetic resonance imaging or scans assist in surgical navigation.
Gaming industry •
Applied to video games, for instance, gamers could have an enhanced sense of reality that liquid-crystal-display glasses could never provide, because the VRD can refocus dynamically to simulate near and distant objects with a far superior level of realism.
Moving forward • The fact that LEDs are able to provide needed light for VRD, makes cheaper and easier VRD manufacturing. The total amount of light that enters the eye from a desktop display is actually less than a microwatt, which is small compared with what an LED can contribute. • On the other hand, although the power required is low, light must be collected and focused down in a point. This is easy to do with a laser, but not so easy with an LED. Even so, advances in LED technology have been needed to further concentrate the light coming from these devices.
What is it? • A virtual retinal display (VRD), also known as a retinal scan display (RSD) or retinal projector, is a display technology that draws a raster display (like a television) directly onto the retina of the eye. The user sees what appears to be a conventional display floating in space in front of them
History •
In the past similar systems have been made by projecting a defocused image directly in front of the user's eye on a small "screen", normally in the form of large glasses. The user focused their eyes on the background, where the screen appeared to be floating. The disadvantage of these systems was the limited area covered by the "screen", the high weight of the small televisions used to project the display, and the fact that the image would appear focused only if the user was focusing at a particular "depth". Limited brightness made them useful only in indoor settings as well.
How it started? •
The VRD was invented at the University of Washington in the Human Interface Technology Lab in 1991. Most of this research into VRDs to date has been in combination with various virtual reality systems. The development began in November 1993.
•
The aim was to produce a full color,wide field-of-view, high resolution, high brightness, low cost virtual display.
•
Microvision Inc. has the exclusive license to commercialize the VRD technology.
•
This technology has many potential applications, from headmounted displays (HMDs) for military/aerospace applications to medical society.
Why Do we need it? • Our window into the digital universe has long been a glowing screen perched on a desk.It's called a computer monitor • Advantages like full color,wide field-of-view, high resolution, high brightness, low cost virtual display. • The VRD system scanning light into only one of our eyes allows images to be laid over our view of real objects. • VRD system can also show an image in each eye with a very little angle difference for simulating three-dimensional scenes with high fidelity spectral colours.. • This system only generates essentially needed photons, and as such it is more efficient for mobile devices that are only designed to serve a single user. A VRD could potentially use tens or hundreds of times less power for Mobile Telephone and Netbook based applications.
How it works?
• •
The Virtual Retinal Display presents video information by scanning modulated light in a raster pattern directly onto the viewer's retina. As the light scans the eye, its intensity is modulated. On a basic level, as shown in the above figure, the VRD consists of a light source, a modulator, vertical and horizontal scanners, and imaging optics (to focus the light beam and optically condition the scan).
• The resultant imaged formed on the retina is perceived as a wide field of view image originating from some viewing distance in space. • The following figure illustrates the light raster on the retina and the resultant image perceived in space.
Safety first •
It is believed that VRD based Laser or LED displays are not harmful to the human eye, as they are of a far lower intensity than those that are deemed hazardous to vision, the beam is spread over a greater surface area, and does not rest on a single point for an extended period of time
UTILITY
Military Utilities • VRDs were initially developed for military use. Such devices are currently in use with several military units, such as the U.S. Army's Stryker Brigade. • The commander of a Stryker armored vehicle can view its onboard battlefield computer with a helmet-mounted daylight-readable display. This allows the commander to observe the surroundings, drive the Stryker, choose the best path and share tactical information at the same time. • A similar device is used by fighter and helicopters pilots.
Medical Utilities • A similar system can be used by doctors for complex operations. While a surgeon is operating, he can keep track of vital patient data, such as blood pressure or heart rate, on a VRD. For procedures such as the placement of a catheter stent, overlaid images prepared from previously obtained magnetic resonance imaging or scans assist in surgical navigation.
Gaming industry •
Applied to video games, for instance, gamers could have an enhanced sense of reality that liquid-crystal-display glasses could never provide, because the VRD can refocus dynamically to simulate near and distant objects with a far superior level of realism.
Moving forward • The fact that LEDs are able to provide needed light for VRD, makes cheaper and easier VRD manufacturing. The total amount of light that enters the eye from a desktop display is actually less than a microwatt, which is small compared with what an LED can contribute. • On the other hand, although the power required is low, light must be collected and focused down in a point. This is easy to do with a laser, but not so easy with an LED. Even so, advances in LED technology have been needed to further concentrate the light coming from these devices.
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