Unit 1 Massage Therapy (2)

Unit 1

Massage Therapy

Pre-reading Activities Structure of the Passage Intensive Study Expressions & Patterns After-reading Activities

Anatomical words Skull, Skeleton, Muscular system, Nurve system, Thorax: Heart, Lung, Rib, Artery, Vein Abodomen: Liver, Spleen, Stomach, Intestine, Appendix Urogenital system Vessel Capillary / Lymph

Intensive Study Massage Therapy for Health and Fitness 1. Massage affects the body as a whole. To understand how massage therapy works, some of the physiological effects of massage need to be briefly exmained.

2. Massage is known to increase the circulation of blood and flow of lymph. The direct mechanical effect of rhythmically applied manual pressure and movement used in massage can dramatically increase the rate of blood flow. Also, the stimulation of nerve receptors causes the blood vessels (by reflex action) to dilate, which also facilitates blood flow.

Intensive Study Massage Therapy for Health and Fitness 3. A milky white fluid called lymph carries impurities and waste away from the tissues and passes through gland-like structures spaced throughout the lymphactic system that act as filtering valves. The lymph does not circulate as the blood does, so its movement depends largely on the squeezing effect of muscle contractions. Consequently, inactive people fail to stimulate lymph flow. On the other hand, the stimulation caused by vigorous activity can be outstripped by the increased waste produced by that activity. Massage can dramatically aid the movement of lymph in either case.

Intensive Study Massage Therapy for Health and Fitness 4. For the whole body to be healthy, the sum of its parts – the cells – must be healthy. The individual cells of the body are dependent on an abundant supply of blood and lymph because these fluids supply nutrients and oxygen and carry away wastes and toxins. So, it is easy to understand why good circulation is so important to our health and why massage can be so beneficial for the entire body due to its effect on circulation alone.

Intensive Study Massage Therapy for Health and Fitness 5. Massage is also known to: -- Cause changes in the blood. The oxygen capacity of the blood can increase 10-15% after massage. -- Affect muscles throughout the body. Massage can help loosen contracted, shortened muscles and can stimulate weak, flaccid muscles. This muscle “balancing” can help posture and promote more efficient movement. Massage doest not directly increase muscle strength, but it can speed recovery from the fatigue that occurs after exercise. In this way, it can be possible to do more exercise and training, which in the long run strengthens muscles and improves conditioning. Massage also provides a gentle stretching action to both the muscles and connective tissues that surround and support the muscles and many other parts of the body, which helps keep these tissues elastic.

Intensive Study Massage Therapy for Health and Fitness -- Increse the body’s secretions and excretions. There is a proven increase in the production of gastric juices, saliva, and urine. There is also an increase excretion of nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus, and sodium chloride (salt). This suggests that the metabolic rate (the utilization of absorbed material by the body’s cells) increases. -- Affect the nervous system. Massage balances the nervous system by soothing or stimulating it, depending on which effect is needed by the individual at the time of the massage. -- Enhance skin condition. Massage directly improves the function of the sebaceous (oil) and sweet glants which keep the skin lubricated, clean, cooled. Tough, inflexible skin can become softer and more supple.

Expressions and Patterns massage

n. & v. 推拿 ，按 摩

massagist 按摩师

as a whole

adv. all parts or aspects considered; altogether

总体 上

FOR EXAMPLE: the body as a whole the book as a whole

全身 整本 书

Now you try: 尽管 我不 喜欢其 中的 女演员 ，但 整部戏 还是值 得欣 赏。 I disliked the actress but enjoyed the play as a whole.

on the whole: one the whole, a happy marriage can expect sunny weather, on the whole

circulation

n. 循环

FOR EXAMPLE:

blood circulating through the body Gossip tends to circulate quickly. Please circulate these fliers.

lymph

n. 淋巴

FOR EXAMPLE:

lymphatic system

rhythmically

adv. in a rhythmic manner

有节 奏地

FOR EXAMPLE:

椅子有 节奏的 前后 摇摆 The chair rocked rhythmically back and forth

dramatically

adv. in a very impressive manner

引人 注目 地，动 人地 FOR EXAMPLE:

Your performance will improve dramatically. a dramatic sunset

receptor

n. 感受器， 受体

dilate

v. To make wider or larger; cause to expand.

FOR EXAMPLE:

His pupils were dilated.

facilitate

v. make easier

推动 ，促 进

FOR EXAMPLE:

You could facilitate the process by sharing your knowledge.

tissue

[ 生 ] 组织

n. 薄的纱 织品 , 薄纸 , 棉纸 , [ 生 ] 组织

薄纸 , 棉纸

薄的 纱织品

gland

n. 腺体

FOR EXAMPLE:

The thyroid gland 甲状腺

depend on

v. be contingent on

视… 而定 ；依赖 于

FOR EXAMPLE:

(Para. 3)…its movement depends largely on the squeezing effect of muscle contractions. Now you try: 你的 成绩 取决于 平时 作业的 完成 情况。 Your grade will depends on your homework.

squeeze

v. 压榨

FOR EXAMPLE:

squeeze an orange squeeze a confession out of a suspect squeeze through a crowd

contraction

n. 收缩

FOR EXAMPLE:

sign a contract

The pupils of the patient's eyes contracted

dilate

outstrip

v. 超过、胜 出

FOR EXAMPLE:

(Para. 3)…the stimulation…can be outstripped by the increased waste… Now you try: 这辆 车胜 过了所 有其 他同一 级别 的车。

This car outstripped all others in its class.

nutrient

n. 营养， adj. 有营养 的

flaccid

Lacking firmness, resilience, or muscle tone Lacking vigor or energy

FOR EXAMPLE:

flaccid muscles flaccid management

fatigue

n. 劳累

elastic

FOR EXAMPLE:

an elastic spirit

adj. 有弹性 的 n. 橡皮筋

secretion

n. 分泌； 分泌物

secretion of hormones saliva, mucus, tears, bile

excretion

n. 排泄， 去除废 物

gastric

FOR EXAMPLE:

gastric juices

adj. 胃的

saliva

n. 唾液

urine

n. 尿

nitrogen

n. 氮

phosphorous

n. 磷

sodium chloride

NaCl

n. 氯化钠

sooth

Adj. 柔软 的， 抚慰 的

soothe, v. 抚慰

sebaceous

Adj. 油脂的

词根 sebum, 皮脂

lubricate

v. 使润 滑

FOR EXAMPLE:

lubricate the key

New Words & Expressions Massage

Secretion

Circulation

Excretion

Lymph

Gastric

Receptor

Saliva

Squeeze

Phosporous

Contraction

Sebaceous

Outstrip

Lubricate

Nutrient

Supple

Dilate

Filtering valve

Flaccid

Sodium chloride

Elastic

After-reading activities

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How to compose an article? Summay of reading A

After-reading activities

Su mm ary

Massage therapy affects the body as a whole. It can increase the circulation of blood and flow of lymph, which provide the cells a more abundant supply of nutrients and oxygen and a more efficient cleaning of wastes and toxins. It can also increase the oxygen capacity of the blood, balance the musclular system and nurve system, and increase the secretions and excretions. Massage can enhance skin conditions as well.

After-reading activities -- exercises

Comprehension of the Text Ex. 1 & 2.

Vocabulary Ex. 3 ， 4 ， 5.

Structure Ex. 6.

Vocabulary Ex. 3. Fill in the blanks in the words or expressions given below. Change their forms where necessary. as a whole

be known

apply to

act as

depend on

on the other hand

be beneficial to

in the long run

Vocabulary Ex. 4. Build up your vocabulary: match the following two groups of words and phrases.

lanugosmallpox vaccine old tuberculin (OT) bottle-fed infant gestational age precocious child skimmed milk hydrophobia vaccine BCG vaccine brest-fed infant

Vocabulary Ex. 5. Build up your vocabulary: work out the meaning of the following words with the help of the suffixes given.

-oma (swelling, tumor) -e (an instrument) -itis (inflammation) -oid (resembling) -emia (blood condition)

Structure Ex. 6. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying special attention to the partciples used.

Reading B Ten Least Wanted Foodborne Pathogens

Vocabulary ►

foodborne adj. 靠食物传播的，食源的 airborne, waterborne foodborne pathogens airborne illness

Vocabulary ►

culprit n. 罪犯，事故的原因 main culprit

Vocabulary ►

diarrhea n. 腹泻，痢疾 acute diarrhea chronic diarrhea

Vocabulary ►

poultry n. 家禽 poultry farm

Vocabulary ►

botulism n. 肉毒中毒。由梭状芽孢杆菌引 起的一种严重的有时致命的食物中毒。

Vocabulary ►

listeriosis n. 李斯特菌病，症状有发烧， 脑炎等

Vocabulary ►

ingest v. 咽下，摄食。 eat

Vocabulary ►

hygiene n. 卫生 personal hygiene

Vocabulary ►

toxoplasmosis n. 弓形体病，症状有发热 ，淋巴结肿大，脏器损伤等

Vocabulary ►

retardation n. 减速，阻滞；迟钝

mental retardation, 智力缺 陷

Vocabulary ►

impairment n. 损伤，减弱，损害

an injury that impaired my hearing; a severe storm impairing communications

Vocabulary ►

septicemia n. 败血症 septic + emia 腐败 的 , 败血病 的 , 脓毒 性的

aseptic adj. 无菌的 aseptic room

Vocabulary ►

yersiniosis n. 小肠结膜炎，由耶尔辛菌引起

Vocabulary ►

BAC abbr . bacterium, bacteria; 细菌

Vocabulary ►

E.coli abbr . Escherichia coli; 大肠埃希菌

Vocabulary ►

菌名的书写原则 属名 （首字 母大 写，斜 体） + 种名 （小写 ，斜体 ） 如 Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aures, Streptococcus pneumonia 在文章 中第 一次出 现， 必须 用全拼 ，后 面重复 出现 时 ，属名 缩写 为首字 母， 中间加 ” .” 。如 E.coli 注意 ：沙门 氏菌血 清型 写法特 殊不 用斜 体，如 Salmonella enterica 比较 Salmonella Typhimurium 只分属 不分 种时写 作 Salmonella spp. species

Vocabulary ► ► ► ► ► ► ► ► ► ►

Campylobacter jejuni E.coli Clostridium botulinum Listeria monocytogenes Salmonella spp. Staphylococcus aures Shigella spp. Toxoplasma gondii Vibrio vulnificus Yersinia enterocolitica