Umts Radio Network Planning

Security Level: confidential

2008-5-11

UMTS Radio Network Planning 3G network planning introduce www.huawei.com

Huawei Northwest Africa Region RNP Solution Manage: William.chen [email protected] HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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Huawei Confidential

Agenda

New feature for WCDMA Handover Power control Interference

3G Radio Network Planning workflow 3G Coverage Planning 3G Capacity Planning The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

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Huawei Confidential

Page 2

WCDMA feature-Soft handover n Soft/Softer handover nSoft handover: Multi connection with different NodeB nSofter handover: Multi connection with different cell belong to one NodeB

nSoft/Softer handover can help us hear the voice from more far!! nSoft/Softer handover can help us improve the handover successful!

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Page 3

WCDMA feature-Power Control n Power control Tx Power

Frequency is very high: 1500Hz

I can hear very clearly, Down Tx power

lNear Point I can not hear clearly, Up Tx power

n

Less Tx Power, Save Power

n

Less Interference

Distance from NodeB lFar Point nSmooth

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Rx Level, Improve QoS

Page 4

WCDMA feature-Interference n Interference n What is Interference for WCDMA?

n Where does Interference come?

All the Cell in same carry use same frequency

Carry1

Carry2

Carry3

frequency Same as GSM, interference comes from frequency

n n

Central of Cell

Most come from own Cell, less from neighbor cell

edge of Cell

Most come from neighbor Cell, less from own cell

How far I can hear you depend on both your voice strength and other people noise HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

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Page 5

WCDMA feature-Service n Service Radio Bearers n AMR Voice n Video Call All Service are carried by different Radio Bearers

n PS R99 n PS HSPA n MBMS n ….

UMTS Radio Network Planning focus on the all kinds of bear service, how far and how many. Based on the experience of GSM, combined with knowledge of WCDMA feature, everyone can be an WCDMA RNP expert.

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Agenda

New feature for WCDMA 3G Radio Network Planning workflow 3G Coverage Planning 3G Capacity Planning The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

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Page 7

UMTS Network Planning Workflow Preparation

The output of dimension is important criteria to assess RNP solution

Discussed by Mobilis and Huawei

n Coverage area (Dense urban, Urban, Suburban ) n QoS criteria (Consecutive Service, BLER) n Capacity requirement (Subscriber, traffic model) n Link budget parameters (Penetration loss, Propagation model)

n Link budget n Capacity dimension n Iub and CE dimension n Network development solution

n Site selection n Propagation model tuning n Site survey/candidate site search n 2G information

Network Deployment

Nominal Planning

Huawei deliver

Mobilis and Huawei do the planning jointly

n Neighbor cell configuration n LAC/RAC planning n Cell parameters configuration n Algorithm configuration

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Dimension Planning

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Detailed Planning

Page 8

Different emphasis for planning phases 100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 4050 3040 2030

0 0 3 3 6 6 9 9 12 12 15 15 18 18 21 21 24 24 27 27 30 30 33 33 36 36 39 39 42 42 45 45 48 48

1020 010

0

Number of Sites Number of Sites

Mature Phase n Capacity is emphasis; n Capacity expansion solution is important n High spectrum efficiency

Development phase

Long term development and expansion solution!!

n This phase focus on balance

of coverage and capacity; n Hotspot and dense urban absorb capacity; n Coverage extension to rural and highway; n Provide abstract service, new feature such as HSPA, MBMS are important.

Optimization and new feature deployment!!

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2G Resources

Initial phase n Initial phase focus on the coverage; n Hotspot and Dense urban are first target; n Reuse 2G resource, save investment; n Provide 3G feature service;

Experience and Deep communication!! Huawei Confidential

Page 9

Agenda

New feature for WCDMA 3G Radio Network Planning workflow 3G Coverage Planning 3G Capacity Planning The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

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Page 10

Coverage Dimension Aim of coverage dimensioning n to obtain the cell radius n to estimate NodeB number for coverage Dimension Start

Input parameters

Link budget

Propagation model

Max Pathloss

Coverage area

Cell Radius

NodeB Number

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Step1:continue coverage service Determine the continue coverage service

PS 384K

PS 128K

VP 64K

AMR 12.2K

n Initial coverage focus on 3G feature service such AMR and VP; n UL 64k PS service combine with HSPA can meet high throughput requirement.

Huawei Suggests n n

PS128K or CS64K is the consecutive coverage service in the Urban and Dense Urban PS 64K or AMR 12.2K is the consecutive coverage service in the Suburban or Rural Area

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Step2:Configure link budget parameters It is suggested that Mobilis fix the environment parameters, and vendor provides the equipment parameters.

Equipment parameters

Reference value

Tx Power

Reference value

UL:21dBm/DL AMR:30dBm

Environment parameters

Antenna Gain

NodeB:18dBi, UE:0dBi

Consecutive service

VP for Dense Urban

Body Loss

3dB(AMR),0dB(other)

Cell load

UL:50%,DL 75% for R99

Noise figure

UL:7dB

Penetration Loss

18dB for Dense Urban

Fast Fading Margin

UL:1.1dB for Dense Urban

Coverage Probability

95% for Dense Urban

Slow Fading Margin

3.8dB for Dense Urban

Coverage channel model

TU3 for Dense Urban

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Link Budget Parameters: equipment n Some equipment parameters are recommended by 3GPP, it is usually fixed in link budget. n BLER (Block Error Rate)

Power offset

AMR(DL)

30~32dBm

Video call(DL)

34~36dBm

5%

PS64K(DL)

31~33dBm

10%

PS384(DL)

35~39dBm

Mobile phone (UL)

21dBm

Data card (UL)

24dBm

BLER

AMR

1%

Video call

0.5%

PS64K/PS384 HSDPA

BLER

3dB for AMR; 0dB for Video call and PS service

27dBm 30dBm 33dBm 0.1%

n Max Service Tx Power Continued service

Continued service

Tx Power

n Body Loss

1%

10%

BLER and service Tx Power is result by balancing the coverage and capacity.

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Link Budget Parameters: equipment n Some parameters are depended on vendor equipment, it is not fixed in link budget. n Cable loss NodeB Type Macro-NodeB

BBU+RRU

Antenna high

Cable select

Cable loss

<50m

7/8

6.29dB/100m@2100MHz

>50m

5/4

4.56dB/100m@2100MHz

-

-

0dB

There is no cable loss for BBU+UUR, UL coverage increase by ~30% n Noise Figure ü NF of terminal is 5~7dB, it is refer to User Equipment ü NF of NodeB is different between venders. Huawei 3800 series NodeB had low NF of 1.6, other vendor is 2.3~3.5.

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The low NF can increase UL coverage by 5%~20%.

Page 15

Environment parameters: fading margin Path Loss — fading due to propagation distance n Long Term (Slow) fading — caused by shadowing n Short Term (Fast) fading — caused by multipath propagation There should be margin to compensate the fading

Slow Fading Margin depends on: n Area Coverage Probability --- The higher coverage probability is, the more SFM required n Standard Deviation --- The higher standard deviation is, the more SFM required HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

Clutter

Coverage Probability

Standard Deviation

Slow fading margin

Dense urban

95%

11.7

8.1

Urban

95%

9.4

6

Suburban

90%

7.2

4

Rural

90%

6.2

0.8

Highway

90%

6.2

0.8

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Page 16

Environment parameters: SHO Gain Soft handover gain – SHO gain consists of three parts: n SHO Gain against slow fading n SHO reduces slow fading compared to the single cell case n SHO gain against slow fading can improve the coverage probability n SHO Gain against fast fading

n Macro Diversity Combining Gain n MDC gain reduces the Eb/No requirement n MDC leads to a gain for reception sensitivity n MDC gain exists for both uplink and downlink

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The fast fading margin and slow fading margin in Huawei’s link budget has been considered the SHO gain.

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Page 17

Environment parameters: interference margin n UL interference margin is Noise Rise in NodeB NoiseRise = − 10 ⋅ Log 10 (1 − η UL )

NoiseRise(dB)

Interference Curve

[dB ]

Ø 50% UL Load — 3dB Ø 60% UL Load — 4dB Ø 75% UL Load — 6dB

UL Load

n How to calculated DL interference margin? Tx Power 70% DL load =

Max Tx Power Pathloss

Pa t

h lo

ss_

Which is same bigger? Samepathloss UL load,

interference Pathloss_AMR margin

_AMR

Same DL load, different DL interference margin

Which received noise is bigger?

PS

AMR PS384K

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Same Tx Power, but small High throughput, pathloss, so PS384K high noise rise isinterference bigger than AMR margin!

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Page 18

Processing Gain -- Related to bearer data rate P G = 1 0 lo g ( 3 8 4 0 / R ( k b p s ))

AMR12.2k PS64k PS384k

Processing Gain 25 (dB) 18 (dB) 10 (dB)

Power density (W/Hz)

Step3:Reception Sensitivity R

W Signal after spreading

Frequency (Hz)

N t :thermal noise (-108dBm/3.84MHz) N f :Noise figure of NodeB(1.6dB for NodeB, 7dB for UE)

Eb / No :Bit energy divided by noise spectral density Re ceptionSensitivity = N t + N f + Eb / N 0 − PG

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Signal after despreading

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Page 19

Step4: Maximum Allowable Pathloss nSlow fading margin

Maximum Allowable Pathloss =UE Transmit Power + Antenna Gain + SHO Gain －Slow Fading Margin －Fast Fading Margin －Interference Margin －Body Loss －Cable Loss －Penetration Loss

nSHO Gain

nFast fading margin nInterference margin

nNodeB Antenna Gain

nBody Loss nCable Loss

nUE Antenna Gain nUE Transmit Power

nPenetration Loss

Antenna Gain Pa t

h

nMaximum allowable pathloss

Lo ss

Penetration loss Notes： nNo TMA Application nSFM&FFM not include SHO

Cable Loss

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NodeB Sensitivity

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nNodeB reception sensitivity

Page 20

MPL is input of Link budget The output of link budget is MPL rather than cell radius!

Propagation model

Link budget

Max Pathloss

Cell Radius

It is usually to compare the MPL to access the coverage performance. And cell radius can be a reference when given a consolidated propagation model.

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Agenda

UMTS Network Introduce New feature for WCDMA 3G Radio Network Planning workflow 3G Coverage Planning 3G Capacity Planning The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

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Page 22

Capacity Dimensioning Flow Coverage dimension result

Total subscriber

Dimensioning Start

Traffic model

Assumed Subscribers Load per Connection

CS Average Cell Load

CS Peak Cell Load (MDE)

PS Average Cell Load

Total Cell Load

No =Target Cell Load?

Yes Dimensioning End

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Page 23

Multidimensional ErlangB Huawei use Multidimensional ErlangB(MDE) for CS Capacity dimension ErlangB - Partitioning Resources

Traditional/other vender dimension method Two big case, one small case, how many car can carry them all?

Low Utilization of resources

Multidimensional ErlangB - Resources shared

Multidimensional ErlangB

More Accuracy Especial for 3G High Utilization of resources

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Page 24

CE/Iub Dimensioning Multidimensional ErlangB is used in CE/Iub dimension

Represent the subscriber

MultdimensionalErlangB Model AM R1 2 .2 k

......

Represent the NodeB

If we know how many cases one car can carry, how can get the CE/Iub? Bearers

Iub(Kbps)

CS

CE resources 64

k

n Signaling and CCH not required CE

CE (UL)

CE (DL)

AMR12.2k

1

1

n CE are pooled per NodeB for all cells

CS64k

3

2

n Low CE resource required for higher

PS64k

3

2

data rate

PS128k

5

4

n advance algorithm improve the utilize

PS384k

10

8

efficiency of Iub transmission

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Page 25

Dimensioning Input is Important The balance of coverage dimension and capacity dimension Input requirement dimension start

1

Capacity

Coverage

dimension

dimension

Coverage Performance

2

Site Number

3

CE/IuB

PS384K VP AMR

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Page 26

Hong Kong PCCW Project

RNP & RNO in world’s most challenging radio propagation environment n

Complex terrain: Hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north

n Built-up dense business district: 630 buildings/km2, 250K people per km2, average building height 45m n

Difficult to build DAS in most high buildings

n High population density: 25,0000 people/km2 in dense urban HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

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RNP and RNO Timeline

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Examples of Coverage Solutions for PCCW Rooftop Antenna l

Large down-tilt for coverage and interference control

l

Make full use of the obstruction of surrounding buildings

Cell Splitting

l

Medium Height Antenna l

4th floor antennas to cover the shops along the main street

Multi-sector coverage planning based on splitting cell solution

Low Height Antenna l

In dense city areas, coverage need to be multi-dimensional

l

Up-tilt technique is widely used in Hong Kong

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Agenda

UMTS Network Introduce New feature for WCDMA 3G Radio Network Planning workflow 3G Coverage Planning 3G Capacity Planning The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

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Page 30

Questions and Answer What are the new feature for WCDMA? Soft/softer handover, power control, interference ,service

What is out put for Link budget? Maximum allowed Pathloss

What parameters should be fixed by operator? Environment parameters is fixed by operator, equipments parameters is provided by vendors

What algorithm is used in capacity dimension? Multidimensional ErlangB, it can improve the resource utilization efficiency

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Page 31

Security Level: confidential

2008-5-11

Thank You www.huawei.com www.huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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