U N I V E R

S O A

U N I V E R S

Seminar Report On

I T Y

B B S 1

R

ASIMO – Beyond

Imagination

Presented By Ashish Mishra Regd.No. 0601212688 Computer science And Engg.

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SEMINAR REPORT ON “ASIMO –beyond imagination”

SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (CSE BRANCH)

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF Prof.Sarada Parassana Pati Prof. Subasish Mohapatra

SUBMITTED BY: Ashish Mishra Branch:-CSE(B) Redg.no :0601212493

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I, Mr. Ashish Mishra bearing REGD NO. 0601212493 convey my heartiest thanks and gratitude to Prof. Sarada Prasanna Pati & Prof.Subasish Mohapatra for encouraging and supporting me throughout this seminar presentation activity on the topic “ASIMO

– Beyond

Imagination”.

Ashish Mishra BRANCH:-CSE (B)

RegdNo: 0601212493

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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the seminar entitled “ASIMO

- Beyond Imagination

” done by

Mr. Ashish Mishra, bearing Regd No: 0601212688 is an authentic work carried out by him at Institute of Technical Education & Research (I.T.E.R), Bhubaneswar under my guidance. The matter embodied in this project work has not been submitted earlier for the award of any degree to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Head of The Department

Seminar In-Charge

Contents

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 Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------5  Moore’s Law ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------6  New Innovations and Enhancements Deliver Higher Performance and Energy Efficiency -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8

 Intel® Core™ Microarchitecture ----------------------------------------------------------8  Intel’s 45nm High-k Metal Gate Process Technology ---------------------------------10  Penryn, the Next-Generation Intel® Core™2 Processor Family ---------------------10  Making Software Run Faster -------------------------------------------------------------10  New Intel® SSE4 Instructions -----------------------------------------------------------11  Larger, Enhanced Intel® Advanced Smart Cache ------------------------------------12  Higher Speed Cores and System Interface ---------------------------------------------12  Enhanced Intel® Virtualization Technology ------------------------------------------13  Super Shuffle Engine ----------------------------------------------------------------------14  Improved Operating System (OS) Synchronization Primitive Performance ------14  Improving Energy Efficiency -----------------------------------------------------------15  Deep Power Down Technology --------------------------------------------------------16  Enhanced Intel® Dynamic Acceleration Technology -------------------------------16  Intel Details Upcoming New Processor Generations ---------------------------------18

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Introduction 1. ASIMO ( ア シ モ ashimo) is a humanoid robot created by Honda. Standing at 130 centimeters (4 feet 3 inches) and weighing 54 kilograms (114 pounds), the robot resembles a small astronaut wearing a backpack and can walk or run on two feet at speeds up to 6 km/h (4.3 mph), matching EMIEW. ASIMO was created at Honda's Research & Development Wako Fundamental Technical Research Center in Japan. It is the current model in a line of eleven that began in 1986 with E0. 2. Officially, the name is an acronym for "Advanced Step in Innovative MObility". Honda's official statements claim that the robot's name is not a reference to science fiction writer and inventor of the Three Laws of Robotics, Isaac Asimov. 3. As of February 2009, there are over 100 ASIMO units in existence. Each one costs under $1 million (¥106,710,325 or €638,186 or £504,720) to manufacture, and some units are available to be hired out for $166,000 (¥17,714,316 or €105,920 or £83,789) per year.

Features and technology Specifications Original ASIMO 7

Model

2000

2004

Mass

52 kg

54 kg

Height

120 cm

130 cm

Width

45 cm

45 cm

Depth

44 cm

37 cm

2005

Walking speed

1.6 km/hour

2.5 km/hour

2.7 km/hour 1.6 km/hour (carrying 1 kg)

Running speed

-

3 km/hour

6 km/hour (straight) 5 km/hour (circling)

Airborne time

-

0.05 seconds 0.08 seconds

Battery

Nickel metal hydride Lithium 38.4 V / 10 Ah / 7.7 kg 51.8 V / 4 hours to fully charge 3 hours to fully charge

Continuous operating time

30 minutes

Degrees Freedom

•

of

6

ion kg

40 mins to 1 hour (walking)

26 (two in the head, five in 34 (three in the head, seven in each each arm, six in each leg, arm, two in each hand, one in the one per hand) torso, six in each leg)

Asimo can be operated from a workstation and also by a remote controller.

Honda has also created a 3D CPU (consisting of three

stacked dice: a processor, a signal converter and some memory) to power super Asimo. ASIMO runs the VxWorks operating system.

How ASIMO Works The Honda Motor Company developed ASIMO, which stands forAdvanced Step in Innovative Mobility, and is the most advanced humanoid robot in the world. According to the ASIMO Web

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site, ASIMO is the first humanoid robot in the world that can walk independently and climb stairs. In addition to ASIMO's ability to walk like we do, it can alsounderstand preprogrammed gestures and spoken commands,recognize voices and faces and interface with IC Communication cards. ASIMO has arms and hands so it can do things like turn on light switches, open doors, carry objects, and push carts. Rather than building a robot that would be another toy, Honda wanted to create a robot that would be ahelper for people -- a robot to help around the house, help the elderly, or help someone confined to a wheelchair or bed. ASIMO is 4 feet 3 inches (1.3 meters) high, which is just the right height to look eye to eye with someone seated in a chair. This allows ASIMO to do the jobs it was created to do without being too big and menacing. Often referred to as looking like a "kid wearing a spacesuit," ASIMO's friendly appearance and nonthreatening size work well for the purposes Honda had in mind when creating it. ASIMO could also do jobs that are too dangerous for humans to do, like going into hazardous areas, disarming bombs, or fighting fires.

ASIMO's Motion: Walk Like a Human

ASIMO has hip, knee, and foot joints. Robots have joints that researchers refer to as "degrees of freedom." A single degree of freedom allows movement either right and left or up and down. ASIMO has34 degrees of freedom spread over different points of its body in order to allow it to move freely. There are three degrees of freedom in ASIMO's neck, seven on each arm and six on each leg. The number of degrees of freedom necessary for ASIMO's legs was decided by measuring human joint movement while walking on flat ground, climbing stairs and running. ASIMO also has a speed sensor and a gyroscope sensor mounted on its body. They perform the tasks of: • sensing the position of ASIMO's body and the speed at which it is moving • relaying adjustments for balance to the central computer These sensors work similarly to our inner ears in the way they maintain balance and orientation. ASIMO also has floor surface sensors in its feet and six ultrasonic sensors in its midsection. These sensors enhance ASIMO's ability to interact with its environment by detecting objects around ASIMO and comparing gathered information with maps of the area stored in ASIMO's memory. To accomplish the job our muscles and skin do in sensing muscle power, pressure and joint angles, ASIMO has both joint-angle sensors and a six-axis force sensor. Unless you know a lot about robotics, you may not fully grasp the incredible milestone it is that ASIMO walks as we do. The most significant part of ASIMO's walk is the turning

9 Photo courtesy Honda Motor Co., Ltd.

capabilities. Rather than having to stop and shuffle, stop and shuffle, and stop and shuffle into a new direction, ASIMO leans and smoothly turns just like a human. ASIMO can also self-adjust its steps in case it stumbles, is pushed, or otherwise encounters something that alters normal walking. In order to accomplish this, ASIMO's engineers had to find a way to work with the inertial forces created when walking. For example, the earth's gravity creates a force, as does the speed at which you walk. Those two forces are called the "total inertial force." There is also the force created when your foot connects with the ground, called the "ground reaction force." These forces have to balance out, and posture has to work to make it happen. This is called the "zero moment point" (ZMP). To control ASIMO's posture, engineers worked on three areas of control: • Floor reaction control means that the soles of the feet absorb floor unevenness while still maintaining a firm stance. • Target ZMP control means that when ASIMO can't stand firmly and its body begins to fall forward, it maintains position by moving its upper body in the direction opposite the impending fall. At the same time, it speeds up its walking to quickly counterbalance the fall. • Foot-planting location control kicks in when the target ZMP control has been activated. It adjusts the length of the step to regain the right relationship between the position and speed of the body and the length of the step.

ASIMO's Motion: Smooth Moves

ASIMO can sense falling movements and react to them quickly; but ASIMO's engineers wanted more. They wanted the robot to have a smooth gait as well as do something that other robots can't do -- turn without stopping.

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Photos courtesy Honda Motor Co., Ltd.

When we walk around corners, we shift our center of gravity into the turn. ASIMO uses a technology called "predictive movement control," also called Honda's Intelligent Real-Time Flexible Walking Technology or I-Walk, to accomplish that same thing. ASIMO predicts how much it should shift its center of gravity to the inside of the turn and how long that shift should be maintained. Because this technology works in real time, ASIMO can do this without stopping between steps, which other robots must do. Essentially, with every step ASIMO takes, it has to determine its inertia and then predict how its weight needs to be shifted for the next step in order to walk and turn smoothly. It adjusts any of the following factors in order to maintain the right position: • the length of its steps • its body position • its speed • the direction in which it is stepping While reproducing a human-like walk is an amazing achievement, ASIMO can now run at speeds up to 3.7 miles per hour (6 kilometers per hour). In order to qualify as a true running robot, ASIMO must have both feet off the ground for an instant in each step. ASIMO manages to be airborne for .08 seconds with each step while running. Honda engineers encountered an entirely new set of challenges while trying to give ASIMO the ability to run. They gave ASIMO’s torso a degree of freedom to aid in bending and twisting so that the robot could adjust its posture while airborne. Without this ability, ASIMO would lose control while airborne, possibly spinning in the air or tripping when landing.

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In order to make turns smoothly while running, the engineers enhanced ASIMO's ability to tilt its center of gravity inside turns to maintain balance and counteract centrifugal force. ASIMO could even anticipate turns and begin to lean into them before starting the turn, much like you would if you were skiing or skating. In the next section, we’ll look at how ASIMO is able to recognize images and sense its environment.

Humanoid robot

Honda's ASIMO, an example of a humanoid robot

Humanoid features 1. Self maintenance (Self recharging) 2. Autonomous Learning(learning new abilities without outside assistance) 3. Avoiding harmful situations to people and property 4. Safe interactions with the enviroment and human beings

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1. A humanoid robot is a robot with its overall appearance based on that of the human body, allowing interaction with made-for-human tools or environments. In general humanoid robots have a torso with a head, two arms and two legs, although some forms of humanoid robots may model only part of the body, for example, from the waist up. Some humanoid robots may also have a 'face', with 'eyes' and 'mouth'. Androids are humanoid robots built to aesthetically resemble a human.2. A humanoid robot is an autonomous robot

because it can adapt to changes in its environment or itself and continue to reach its goal. This is the main difference between humanoid and other kinds of robots. In this context, some of the capacities of a humanoid robot may include, among others:

•

self-maintenance (recharge itself)

•

autonomous learning (learn or gain new capabilities without outside assistance, adjust strategies based on the surroundings and adapt to new situations)

•

avoiding harmful situations to people, property, and itself

•

safe interacting with human beings and the environment

3.

Like other mechanical robots, humanoid refer to the following basic components too: Sensing, Actuating and Planning and Control. Since they try to simulate the human structure and behaviour and they are autonomous systems, most of the times humanoid robots are more complex than other kinds of robots.

4. This complexity affects all robotic scales (mechanical, spatial, time, power density, system and computational complexity), but it is more noticeable on power density and system complexity scales. In the first place, most current humanoids aren’t strong enough even to jump and this happens because the power/weight ratio is not as good as in the human body. The dynamically balancing Anybots Dexter can jump, but poorly so far. On the other hand, there are very good algorithms for the several areas of humanoid construction, but it's very difficult to merge all of them into one efficient system (the system complexity is very high). Nowadays, these are the main difficulties that humanoid robots development has to deal with.

Humanoid robots are created to imitate some of the same physical and mental tasks that humans undergo daily. Scientists and specialists from many different fields including 13

engineering, cognitive science, and linguistics combine their efforts to create a robot as human-like as possible. Their creators' goal for the robot is that one day it will be able to both understand human intelligence, reason and act like humans. If humanoids are able to do so, they could eventually work alongside humans. Another important benefit of developing androids is to understand the human body's biological and mental processes, from the seemingly simple act of walking to the concepts of consciousness and spirituality. Right now they are used for welding. In the future they can greatly assist humans by welding and mining for coal. There are currently two ways to model a humanoid robot. The first one models the robot like a set of rigid links, which are connected with joints. This kind of structure is similar to the one that can be found in industrial robots. Although this approach is used for most of the humanoid robots, a new one is emerging in some research works that use the knowledge acquired on biomechanics. In this one, the humanoid robot's bottom line is a resemblance of the human skeleton.

Purpose Nao (robot) is a robot created for companionship. It also competes in the RoboCup soccer championship

Enon was created to be a personal assistant, as it is self-guiding, has with limited speech recognition and synthesis. It can also carry things. Humanoid robots are used as a research tool in several scientific areas. Researchers need to understand the human body structure and behaviour (biomechanics) to build and study humanoid robots. On the other side, the attempt to simulate the human body leads to a better understanding of it. Human cognition is a field of study which is focused on how humans learn from sensory information in order to acquire perceptual and motor skills. This knowledge is used to develop computational models of human behaviour and it has been improving over time. It has been suggested that very advanced robotics will facilitate the enhancement of ordinary humans. See transhumanism.

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Although the initial aim of humanoid research was to build better orthosis and prosthesis for human beings, knowledge has been transferred between both disciplines. A few examples are: powered leg prosthesis for neuromuscularly impaired, ankle-foot orthosis, biological realistic leg prosthesis and forearm prosthesis. Besides the research, humanoid robots are being developed to perform human tasks like personal assistance, where they should be able to assist the sick and elderly, and dirty or dangerous jobs. Regular jobs like being a receptionist or a worker of an automotive manufacturing line are also suitable for humanoids. In essence, since they can use tools and operate equipment and vehicles designed for the human form, humanoids could theoretically perform any task a human being can, so long as they have the proper software. However, the complexity of doing so is deceptively great. They are becoming increasingly popular for providing entertainment too. For example, Ursula, a female robot, sings, dances, and speaks to her audiences at Universal Studios. Several Disney attractions employ the use of animatrons, robots that look, move, and speak much like human beings, in some of their theme park shows. These animatrons look so realistic that it can be hard to decipher from a distance whether or not they are actually human. Although they have a realistic look, they have no cognition or physical autonomy. Humanoid robots, especially with artificial intelligence algorithms, could be useful for future dangerous and/or distant space exploration missions, without having the need to turn back around again and return to Earth once the mission is completed.

Sensors A sensor is a device that measures some attribute of the world. Being one of the three primitives of robotics (besides planning and control), sensing plays an important role in robotic paradigms. Sensors can be classified according to the physical process with which they work or according to the type of measurement information that they give as output. In this case, the second approach was used.

Proprioceptive Sensors Proprioceptive sensors sense the position, the orientation and the speed of the humanoid's body and joints. 15

In human beings inner ears are used to maintain balance and orientation. Humanoid robots use accelerometers to measure the acceleration, from which velocity can be calculated by integration; tilt sensors to measure inclination; force sensors placed in robot's hands and feet to measure contact force with environment; position sensors, that indicate the actual position of the robot (from which the velocity can be calculated by derivation) or even speed sensors.

Exteroceptive Sensors Exteroceptive sensors give the robot information about the surrounding environment allowing the robot to interact with the world. The exteroceptive sensors are classified according to their functionality. Proximity sensors are used to measure the relative distance (range) between the sensor and objects in the environment. They perform the same task that vision and tactile senses do in human beings. There are other kinds of proximity measurements, like laser ranging, the usage of stereo cameras, or the projection of a coloured line, grid or pattern of dots to observe how the pattern is distorted by the environment. To sense proximity, humanoid robots can use sonars and infrared sensors, or tactile sensors like bump sensors, whiskers (or feelers), capacitive and piezoresistive sensors.

An artificial hand holding a lightbulb Arrays of tactels can be used to provide data on what has been touched. The Shadow Hand uses an array of 34 tactels arranged beneath its polyurethane skin on each finger tip.

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Tactile sensors also provide information about forces and torques transferred between the robot and other objects.

VISION SENSORS(CAMERAS) Vision refers to processing data from any modality which uses the electromagnetic spectrum to produce an image. In humanoid robots it is used to recognize objects and determine their properties. Vision sensors work most similarly to the eyes of human beings. Most humanoid robots use CCD cameras as vision sensors. Sound sensors allow humanoid robots to hear speech and environmental sounds, and perform as the ears of the human being. Microphones are usually used for this task.

Actuators Actuators are the motors responsible for motion in the robot.

Humanoid robots are constructed in such a way that they mimic the human body, so they use actuators that perform like muscles and joints, though with a different structure. To achieve the same effect as human motion, humanoid robots use mainly rotary actuators. They can be either electric, pneumatic, hydraulic, piezoelectric or ultrasonic.

Hydraulic and electric actuators have a very rigid behaviour and can only be made to act in a compliant manner through the use of relatively complex feedback control strategies . While electric coreless motor actuators are better suited for high speed and low load applications, hydraulic ones operate well at low speed and high load applications.

Piezoelectric actuators generate a small movement with a high force capability when voltage is applied. They can be used for ultra-precise positioning and for generating and handling high forces or pressures in static or dynamic situations.

Ultrasonic actuators are designed to produce movements in a micrometer order at ultrasonic frequencies (over 20 kHz). They are useful for controlling vibration, positioning applications and quick switching. 17

Pneumatic actuators operate on the basis of gas compressibility. As they are inflated, they expand along the axis, and as they deflate, they contract. If one end is fixed, the other will move in a linear trajectory. These actuators are intended for low speed and low/medium load applications. Between pneumatic actuators there are: cylinders, bellows, pneumatic engines, pneumatic stepper motors and pneumatic artificial muscles.

Recognition technology

With 2000's ASIMO model Honda added many features that enable ASIMO to interact better with humans. These features fall under 5 categories:

ASIMO walking alongside a human while holding hands

1. Recognition of moving objects Using the visual information captured by the camera mounted in its head, ASIMO can detect the movements of multiple objects, assessing distance and direction. Common applications of this feature would include: the ability to follow the movements of people with its camera, to follow a person, or greet a person when he or she approaches.

2. Recognition of postures and gestures ASIMO can also interpret the positioning and movement of a hand, recognizing postures and gestures. Because of this ASIMO can react to and be directed by not only voice commands, but also to the natural movements of human beings. This enables it to, for example, recognize when a handshake is offered or when a person waves and

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respond accordingly. It can also recognize movement directions such as pointing.

3. Environment recognition ASIMO can recognize the objects and terrain of its environment and act in a way that is safe for both itself and nearby humans. For example, recognizing potential hazards such as stairs, and by stopping and starting to avoid hitting humans or other moving objects.

4. Distinguishing sounds ASIMO's ability to identify the source of sounds has been improved, and it can distinguish between voices and other sounds. It can respond to its name, face people when being spoken to, and recognize sudden, unusual sounds such as that of a falling object or a collision, and face in that direction. It is also able to respond to questions, either by a brief nod, a shake of the head or a verbal answer.

5. Facial recognition ASIMO has the ability to recognize faces, even when ASIMO or the human being is moving. It can individually recognize approximately 10 different faces. Once they are registered it can address them by name.

Network integration

Utilizing networks such as the Internet, ASIMO can provide information and function better for various commercial applications, such as reception. Its abilities fall under 2 categories: 1. Integration with user's network system By connecting with a user's network ASIMO can offer many useful functions such as greeting visitors and informing personnel of the visitor's arrival by transmitting messages and pictures of the visitor's face and guide visitors to a predetermined location.

2. Internet connectivity By accessing information via the Internet, ASIMO can, for example, become a provider of news and weather updates.

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December 5, 2002 – Honda added intelligence technology to ASIMO which is capable of interpreting the postures and gestures of humans and moving independently in response. ASIMO’s ability to interact with humans has advanced significantly—it can greet approaching people, follow them, move in the direction they indicate, and even recognize their faces and address them by name. Further, utilizing networks such as the Internet, ASIMO can provide information while executing tasks such as reception duties. ASIMO is the world’s first humanoid robot to exhibit such a broad range of intelligent capabilities.

The key features of the new Intelligence Technology:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Recognition of moving objects Posture/gesture recognition Environment recognition Sound recognition Face recognition.

1. Integration with user's network system 2. Internet connectivity

Advanced communication ability thanks to recognition technology

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Using the visual information captured by the camera mounted in its head, ASIMO can detect the movements of multiple objects, assessing distance and direction Specifically, ASIMO can: : follow the movements of people with its camera; : follow a person; : greet a person when he or she approaches.;

Based on visual information, ASIMO can interpret the positioning and movement of a hand, recognizing postures and gestures. Thus ASIMO can react not only to voice commands, but also to the natural movements of human beings. For example, ASIMO can:

Recognition of the distance and direction of movement of multiple objects Recognition of moving objects [1] >> Recognition of moving objects [2] >>

Movement to an indicated location Posture recognition >>

: recognize an indicated location and move to that location (posture recognition); : shake a person's hand when a handshake is offered (posture recognition); : respond to a wave by waving back (gesture recognition).

Recognition of hand movements such as the waving of a hand

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ASIMO is able to assess its immediate environment, recognizing the position of obstacles and avoiding them to prevent collisions.

Specifically, ASIMO can: : stop and start to avoid a human being or other moving object which suddenly appears in its path; : recognize immobile objects in its path and move around them.

ASIMO's ability to identify the source of sounds has been improved, and it can distinguish between voices and other sounds.

Sound recognition

For example, ASIMO can: : recognize when its name is called, and turn to face the source of the sound; : look at the face of the person speaking, and respond; : recognize sudden, unusual sounds, such as that of a falling object or a collision, and face in that direction.

ASIMO has the ability to recognize faces, even when ASIMO or the human being is moving. For example, ASIMO can: : recognize the faces of people which have been preregistered, addressing them by name, communicating messages to them, and guiding them;

Distinguish between registered faces.

: recognize approximately ten different people. Face recognition >>

Network integration

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ASIMO can: : execute functions appropriately based on the user's customer data; : greet visitors, informing personnel of the visitor's arrival by transmitting messages and pictures of the visitor's face; : guide visitors to a predetermined location, etc.

Accessing information via the Internet, ASIMO can become a provider of news and weather updates, for example, ready to answer people's questions, etc.

Controlling and Powering ASIMO ASIMO is not an autonomous robot. It can't enter a room and make decisions on its own about how to navigate. ASIMO either has to be programmed to do a specific job in a specific area that has markers that it understands, or it has to be manually controlled by a human. ASIMO can be controlled by four methods: • PC • Wireless controller (sort of like a joystick) • Gestures • Voice commands Using 802.11 wireless technology and a laptop or desktop computer, you can control ASIMO as well as see what ASIMO sees via its camera eyes. ASIMO can also use its PC connection to access the Internet and retrieve information for you, such as weather reports and news. The wireless joystick controller operates ASIMO's movements the same way you would operate a remote-control car. You can make ASIMO go forward, backward, sideways, diagonally, turn in place, walk around a corner or run in circles. Making ASIMO move by remote control may not seem that advanced, but ASIMO does have the ability to self-adjust its steps. If you have it walk forward, and it encounters a slope or some sort of obstacle, ASIMO automatically adjusts its steps to accommodate the terrain. ASIMO can recognize and react to several gestures and body postures, allowing users to command ASIMO nonverbally. You can point to a particular spot you want ASIMO to walk towards, for example, and it will follow your lead. If you wave to ASIMO, it will respond with a wave of its own. It can even recognize when you want

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to shake its hand. ASIMO can understand and execute simple, preprogrammed verbal commands. The number of commands that can be programmed into its memory is practically unlimited. You can also have your voice registered in its programming, making it easier for ASIMO to recognize you. In addition to the voice commands for controlling ASIMO's movements, there are also spoken commands to which ASIMO can respond verbally. This is the feature that has made it possible for ASIMO to work as a receptionist, greeting visitors and answering questions. Like most other technologies in the robotics field, ASIMO is powered by servo motors. These are small but powerful motors with a rotating shaft that moves limbs or surfaces to a specific angle as directed by a controller. Once the motor has turned to the appropriate angle, it shuts off until it is instructed to turn again. For example, a servo may control the angle of a robot's arm joint, keeping it at the right angle until it needs to move, and then controlling that move. Servos use a position-sensing device (also called a digital decoder) to ensure that the shaft of the motor is in the right position. They usually use power proportional to the mechanical load they are carrying. A lightly loaded servo, for example, doesn't use much energy. ASIMO has 34 servo motors in its body that move its torso, arms, hands, legs, feet, ankles and other moving parts. ASIMO manages a series of servo motors to control each kind of movement. ASIMO is powered by a rechargeable, 51.8 volt lithium ion (Li-ION) battery that lasts for one hour on a single charge. The battery is stored in ASIMO's backpack and weighs about 13 pounds. ASIMO's battery takes three hours to fully charge, so a second (and third) battery is crucial if you needed ASIMO to operate for very long. Users can charge the battery onboard ASIMO through a power connection or remove the backpack to charge separately.

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Conclusion  In my opinion ASIMO is an amazing technological advancement  This will allow people allocate their time in a more productive manner  ASIMO will provide a number of positive contributions to human beings.

Life in the future will probably see these wonderful machines doing chores in our house….maybe???

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References

[1]. http://science.howstuffworks.com/asimo.htm [2]. http://asimo.honda.com/asimo_specifications.html [3].http://www.eetimes.com/story/OEG20001122S0048 [4]. http://www.digitalworldtokyo.com/index.php/digital_tokyo/articles/honda_creates_3d_ cpu_to_power_super_asimo/ [5].Humanoid robot gets job as receptionist [6]. "History of the Humanoids: E0 (1986)". Honda Motor Co., Ltd.. Retrieved 2008-0701.

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