Types Of Ethanol Production Process

RIVERS STATE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NKPOLU OROWORUKWO, P.M.B 5080 PORT HARCOURT PRESENTATION

ON

TYPES OF PRODUCTION PROCESS

BY

NAME:

OWHORJI CHINEDU BRIGHT

FACULTY:

MANAGEMENT SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT:

MANAGEMENT

LEVEL:

200

COURSE TITLE:

COMPUTER APPLICATION TO BUSINESS

COURSE CODE:

MGT 222

YEAR:

2015

LECTURER:

DR. AUSTIN O. OPARANMA

`TYPES OF PRODUCTION PROCESS 

PROJECTS Project can be said to be a scheme, assignment, task, undertaking, job, plan, blueprint, design, or strategy Projects represent one of a kind production for an individual customer. They tend to involve large sums of money and last a considerable length of time. For those reasons, customers are few and customer involvement intense. Customers are heavily involved in design of the product and may also specify how certain processes are to be carried out. This process is very flexible; this is because the production process, as well as final product, is basically designed anew for each customer’s order. And given the lengthy duration of a project, changes in customer preferences, technology, and costs cause frequent adjustments in project and design. Examples of projects productions are 1. Constructing a building. 2. Airplane 3. Ship 4. Planning a wedding party. Etc. ADVANTAGES OF PROJECT 1. Cutting edge technology. 2. Project teams 3. Close customer contact DISADVANTAGES OF PROJECT 1. It involves large investment in resources. 2. 25It also involves in huge swings in resource requirement. (new project begin, old project ends). 3. Limited learning curve. 4. Dependence on small customer base.

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BATCH PRODUCTION. Batch production can also be called “JOB SHOP”. This is a production system that processes items in small groups or batches. Most of the operations in batch production involve fabrication. (e.g. machining) rather than assembly. Jobs are sent through the system based on their processing requirement. A particular job may have to go round through many machines before completion. Examples of batch production are. 1. Machines shops. 2. Printers. 3. Bakeries. 4. Education

5. Furniture making.

ADVANTAGES OF BATCH PRODUCTION 1. The reputation for quality that customization implies. 2. The customization of output. 3. It is flexibility.

DISADVANTAGES OF BATCH PRODUCATION. 1. 2. 3. 4.

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High per-unit costs. Lengthy job completion times. Frequent changes in product mix. (Complex scheduling problems). Variations in capacity requirements.

MASS PRODUCTION It is also known as repetitive production, is used by producers who need to create more standardized products in larger quantities than batch production can economically handle. Products are made to stock for a mass market, demand in stable, and volume is high, mass production is usually associated with flow lines or assembly lines. (Flow describes how a product moves through the system from one work station to the next in order of the processing requirements for a particular product. Example of goods that are mass produced include 1. Automobiles. 2. Television 3. Personal computers 4. Fast food and most consumer goods.

ADVANTAGES OF MASS PRODUCTION 1. Speed 2. Ease of manufacture and control. 3. Low per-unit cost.

DISADVANTAGES OF MASS PRODUCTION 1. 2. 3. 4.

High cost of equipment Underutilization of human capacity. The difficulties of adapting to changes in demand, technology, or product design. Lack of responsiveness to individual customer requests.

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CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION. Continuous processes are used for very high volume commodity products that are very standardized. The system is highly automated ( the workers role is to monitor the equipment) and is typically in operation continuously 24 hours a day. ADVANTAGES OF CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION. 1. Ease of control 2. Enormous capacity. DISADVANTAGES OF CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION 1. Large investment in plant and equipment 2. The limited variety of items that can be processed. 3. The inability to adapt to volume changes 4. The cost of correcting errors in production. 5. The difficulties of keeping pace with new technology.

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REFERENCE OPARANMA.O.A. PhD. JULY 2008 UTILIZING COMPUTER IN BUSINESS. Microsoft® Encarta® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.