Turkish Education System

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY THE TURKISH EDUCATION SYSTEM

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

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GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN  PRINCIPLES REGULATING THE EDUCATION SYSTEM

The Turkish education system is organized on the basis of; Constitution of the Turkish Republic - Laws Regulating Education and Instruction - Government Programs - Development Plans - National Education Councils -

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

Based on these factors, education principles have been defined as follows; 

- Education

shall be national, - Education shall be Republican, - Education shall be secular, - Education shall have a scientific foundation, - Education shall incorporate generality and equality, - Education shall be fuctional and modern

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

General Character of the Education System  Education system has democratic, modern, scientific secular and coeducational characteristics. The purpose of the Turkish Education System is to increase the welfare and happiness of the Turkish citizens and Turkish society, to support and facilitate economic, social and cultural development in national unity and integration and to make the Turkish nation a constructive, creative and distinguished partner in modern civilization. GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

. GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM  FORMAL EDUCATION

Formal education is the regular education of individuals in a certain age group and given in schools at the same level with programs prepared for definite purposes. Formal education includes Pre-Primary education, primary education, secondary education and higher education institutions. GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

THE TURKISH NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM AGE 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20

3 2 Doctorate 1 2 Masters 1 Degrees 4 3 Under 2 Graduate 1

4 3 Medical 2 Specialization 1 6 5 Under 4 Graduate 3 Diploma 2 1

3 2 Doctorate 1

3 2 Doctorate 1 5 4 Under 3 Graduate 2 1

2 Masters 1 Degrees

2 Two years 1 Diploma

4 3 Under 2 Graduate 1

2 Two years 1 Diploma

(PREPARATORY CLASS COMPULSORY IN SOME UNIVERSTIES)

Open Education

HIGHER EDUCATION VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

0 ( PREPARATORY CLASS OPTIONAL IN SOME SCHOOLS )

13

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

5 3 AGE

4 3 2 1

GENERAL HIGH SCHOOL

GENERAL AND VOCATİONAL-TECHNİCAL SECONDARY EDUCATİON

14

6

4 3 2

PRIMARY EDUCATION (COMPULSORY BASIC EDUCATİON) PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION (Kinder-garten and Nursery) GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

d E stl ud A- noi t ac ud El a mr oF- no N

ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL

pi hseci t ner pp A gni ni ar T

1

4 3 2

5 4 3 2

NORMAL

15

SICIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

TECHNİCAL

5 4 3 2

ANATOLIAN

19 18 17 16

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

– Pre-Primary education Pre-Primary education includes the optional education of children between 36-72 month who are under the age of compulsory primary education. Pre-Primary education institutions, independent nurseries are opened as nursery classes and practical classes within formal and non-formal education institutions with suitable physical capacity. The purpose of Pre-Primary education is to ensure physical, mental and sensory development of children and the acquisition of good habits, to prepare children for primary education, to create a common atmosphere of growth for those living in inconvenient circumstances and to ensure that Turkish is spoken correct and well.

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

Primary Education The purpose of primary education is to ensure that every Turkish child acquires the basic knowledge, skills, behaviors, and habits to become a good citizen, is raised in line with the national moral concepts and is prepared for life and for the next education level parallel to his/her interests and skills.

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

Primary education is compulsory for all citizens, boys or girls, and is given free of charge in public schools. Primary education institutions are schools that provide eight years of uninterrupted education, at the end of which graduates receive a primary education diploma.

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REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

.1.3. Secondary Education The purpose of secondary education is to give students a minimum common culture, to identify individual and social problems, to search for solutions, to raise awareness in order to contribute to the socio-economic and cultural development of the country and to prepare the students for higher education, for profession, for life and for business in line with their interests and skills. GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

. Higher Education Among higher education institutions are universities, faculties, institutes, higher education schools, conservatories, vocational higher education schools and application-research centers. The purpose of higher education is to raise the students in line with their interests and skills, in conformance to the science policy of the country and in consideration of qualified manpower needs of society at several levels, to do researches in scientific areas, to arrange for all kinds of publications that show the research and examination results GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

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GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

and facilitate advancement of science and technology, to finalize the researches and examinations demanded by the government and to make comments, to make written or oral public announcements explaining the scientific data that shall increase the general level of Turkish society and enlighten the public, and to give non-formal education.

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REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

2.2. NON-FORMAL EDUCATION Services given by non-formal education are •to teach reading-writing, to provide continuing education opportunities for students to finish their incomplete education •to provide education opportunities that shall facilitate the students' adaptation to scientific, technologic, economic, social and cultural developments •to give education that protects, improves, introduces and comprises our national cultural values

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GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

to help students acquire the concepts and habits of collective living, supporting, helping, working and organizing collectively to provide opportunities that shall ensure acquisition of professions in line with the economic development and employment policy to teach balanced nutrition and a healthy life style to teach people from various professions the knowledge and skills they need to improve themselves to provide the habit of using one's free time in a useful way. GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

PRE-PRİMARY EDUCATION " Nurseries " Kindergarten " Practical classes " Nurseries within private Turkish, Foreign, Minority, International schools " Other institutions (Society for the Protection of Children, and other institutions and organizations opened as per article 191 of Law no 657) GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

PRIMARY EDUCATION " Primary schools " Regional Boarding Primary Schools " Boarding Primary Education School " Primary schools for the Hearing-Impaired " Primary schools for the Visually-Impaired " Primary schools for the Orthopedically Disabled " Primary schools for the Mentally Retarded " Private Turkish, Foreign, Minority, International Primary schools GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

SECONDARY EDUCATION General Secondary Education Secondary schools " Science schools " Anatolian schools " Anatolian Fine Arts schools " Anatolia teacher training schools " Foreign language school Vocational and Technical Secondary Education " Vocational schools for industry " Technical schools " Anatolia technical schools " Anatolia Vocational schools " Vocational schools for girls " Technical schools for girls GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

" Anatolia Vocational schools for girls " Anatolia Technical schools for girls " Anatolia Vocational Schools for Commerce " Anatolia Vocational Schools for Communication " Anatolia Vocational Schools for Hotel management and Tourism " Vocational Schools for Commerce " Religious High Schools " Anatolia Religious High Schools " Multi-program high schools for the Hearing impaired " Vocational Schools for orthopedically disabled " Multi-program high schools " Vocational Schools for Health " Anatolia Vocational Schools for Health GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

HIGHER EDUCATION " Universities " Faculties " Institutes " Higher education schools " Higher Vocational education schools " Conservatories " Application and research centres

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

HIGHER EDUCATION " Practical Arts Colleges for Girls " Maturation Institutes " Technical education centres for adults " Public education centres - Reading-writing courses - Vocational courses - Social-cultural courses " Vocational training centres " Professional education centres " Science and Art centres

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

" Guidance

and research centres " Private education - Private courses - Private classes - Private motor vehicle driving courses - Private student training centres vocational courses - Remote Education - Open education primary schools - Open education high schools - Vocational and Technical Open education schools GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN FIGURES BY EDUCATION LEVEL IN THE SCHOLASTIC YEAR BETWEEN 2006-2007 NUMBER OF STUDENTS EDUCATION LEVEL

NUMBER OF SCHOOLS

PRE-PRIMERY EDU.

18.539

550.146

286.349

263.797

20.910

34.990

10.673.935

5.615.591

5.058.344

389.859

7.435

3.258.254

1.855.741

1.402.513

185.317

GENERAL

3.406

2.075.617

1.123.459

952.158

102.581

VOCATIONAL

4.029

1.182.637

732.282

450.355

82.736

60.964 14.482.335 7.757.681 6.724.654

596.086

PRIMARY SCHOOLS SECONDARY SCHOOLS

TOTAL OF FORMAL EDU. NON-FORMAL EDU.

GENERAL TOTAL

9.630

TOTAL

3.886.638

BOYS

2.216.081

GIRLS

NUMBER OF TEACHERS

1.670.557

69.530

70.594 18.368.973 9.973.762 8.395.211

665.616

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REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

Some Projects supported by EU -SBEP (Support to Basic Education Programme) -SVET (Strengthening the Vocational Education and Training System in Turkey) -MVET (Modernization of Vocational Education and Training in Turkey) -SEP (Secondary Education Project) -BEP II ( Basic Education Project Project-II)

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REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN

Turkey Now Fully Participated European Union Education and Training Programmes The Memorandum of Understanding establishing Turkey's participation in the Socrates, Leonardo da Vinci and Youth programmes has been signed by the Commission and the Turkish authorities on 15 April 2004 and has been published in the Turkish Official Gazette on 8 May. This MoU has now entered into force. It takes effect retrospectively as from 1 April 2004. GOVERNORSHIP OF MERSİN