Trabalhando Com Produtos Quimicos Parte 3

Health Hazard …… Produces acute or chronic effects in exposed workers • Carcinogen - cause cancer or suspected cancer causer

• Toxic Agent - poisonous / cause acute or chronic effects

• Reproductive toxin (teratogen) - could

have harmful effect on male or female reproductive system or on developing fetus • Irritant - can cause inflammation of skin or eyes

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Route of Entry…. For a chemical to have an effect on a worker, s/he must be exposed to it and some of it must get into his/her system • Inhalation / breathing - most common route,

gases / vapors can pass to blood, solid particles inhaled into lungs • Absorption through the skin - many solids, liquids, vapors and gases can be absorbed through the skin • Ingestion / swallowing - while not intentional, failure to wash hands, eating in contaminated lab, etc. • Injection - accidents handling glass, sharps, etc.

Signs & Symptoms …. How will you know if you have been exposed? • Dose - Amount of chemical absorbed depends upon chemical strength / concentration, exposure duration, frequency of exposure

– In general, the greater the dose, the more severe the health effects

• Acute effects - occurs rapidly following brief

exposure (e.g., acid burn) • Chronic effect - develops/recurs slowly, over long period following repeated, long-term, low-level exposure (e.g., benzidine linked to bladder cancer)

Working Safely with Chemicals • • • • •

Chemical Safety Concepts Safe Use and Storage Disposal of Chemicals Emergencies Radiation Safety

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Always wear PPE: – Good lab practice • Eye protection for workers • Wear enclosed goggles or face shield over safety glasses if chance of splashing or shattering – Shoes, lab coat, long pants (gives protection from falling objects and spills/splatters) – Plastic/rubber apron for caustics/corrosives – Correct gloves for chemical – Never reach into liquids, use tongs for retrieval

(Chemical) Fume Hood

• Ventilated enclosure that protects you from being exposed to chemical fumes, gases and aerosols generated within the hood • Room air drawn into the hood is vented out the stack • Hood should always be ON during use • Lower sash to marked (< sash level >) position