Tooth Identification

TOOTH IDENTIFICATION Dental Anatomy Dent 201 Summer semester 2005/2006

Sequence of identification Set Deciduous  Permanent 

Class Incisor  Canine  Premolar  Molar 

Sequence of Identification Arch  

Maxillary Mandibular

Type  

Posterior teeth: 1st, 2nd or 3rd Incisors: central or lateral

Side  

Right Left

Set Traits Size Dimensions Colour Cervical ridges Cervical constriction Buccal Cervical Ridges on D. molars Root morphology 

Slender, flared & bowed with little root trunk in deciduous molars

Class Traits-incisors Incisal 2/3 flattened MD & compressed LL Long horizontal MD biting edge 2 or more mamelons Marginal ridges parallel to long axis

Class Traits-canines Longest & thickest roots LL Single conical pointed cusp Only cusped teeth without occlusal surface

Class Traits-Premolars At least 2 cusps Single buccal cusp  with one or more lingual  cusps Molars must have at least  2 buccal cusps

Class Traits-Molars 3 or more cusps At least 2 buccal cusps One or more lingual cusps In general 2 or 3 roots

Arch Traits-Incisors Crown   

Wider MD height vs. width MD vs. LL dimensions

Root  

MD vs. LL dimensions Root shape in x-section

Arch Traits-Canine Crown    

Size Amount of flaring of proximal outlines Height vs. width of the crown LL incisal edge location

Root  

Length LL dimension vs. MD

Arch Traits-premolars Amount of similarity  between 1st & 2nd  Amount of similarity  in size and height  between cusps BL vs. MD dimension Lingual inclination of  the crown Lingual HOC location

Arch Traits­molars Number of roots Crown  

BL vs. MD dimension Occlusal aspect  

 

Shape Angles

Cusp arrangement & variance in size Oblique ridge

Type traits-maxillary incisors Size Crown      

Height vs. MD width Roundedness of angles MD vs. LL dimension Prominence of cingulum Depth of L. fossa Developmental pit/groove

Root  

Shape of x-section MD vs. LL dimension

Type traits-mandibular incisors Equality in size (arch trait) Incisal edge inclination Symmetry Roundedness of angles

Type traits-maxillary premolars Proximal aspects    

Height of the cusps Mesial marginal groove Canine (inter-radicular) fossa Number of roots?

Buccal aspect 

Bulging proximal outlines

Occlusal aspect     

Occlusal table area Sharpness of angles Convergence of proximal outlines Lingual cusp twisting Developmental/supplemental grooves

Type traits-mandibular premolars Proximal aspects   

Amount of lingual tilting of Occlusal plane Cusp height/size difference ML groove

Lingual aspect 

Amount of B profile visible

Occlusal aspect    

Diamond vs. square Proximal profile convergence lingually M MR vs. D MR height and length D. groove pattern/ central pit

Type traits-maxillary molars Crown       

Size Degree Morphological variation DL cusp size Cusp of Carabelli? Mesial MR tubercles Rhomboid outline & angles Supplementary grooves

Root    

Distal inclination Flaring Fusion length

Type traits-mandibular molars Crown       

Size MD width Number of cusp Pit/groove pattern Supplementary grooves Occlusal view shape Lingual convergence of proximal surfaces

Roots    

Distal inclination Flaring Fusion Length

Right or Left? The 5 surfaces should have been identified Usually facial & lingual surfaces are easily identifiable M & D are a bit more difficult to identify Detailed knowledge of anatomy of each tooth is required

Right or Left? Maxillary incisors  

MI & DI angles M & D outlines & contact area 

Mandibular incisors  

MI & DI angles Incisal edge inclination in lateral

Right or Left? Canines  

M & D sloping cusp ridges  M & D outlines & contact area

Right or Left? Maxillary premolars    

M & D sloping cusp ridges M & D outlines & contact area Height & length of MRs In max. 1st premolar   

Canine fossa M MR groove Mesial twist of lingual cusp

Right or Left? Mandibular premolars  

 

M & D sloping cusp ridges M & D outlines & contact  area Height & length of MRs In mand. 1st premolar 



ML groove

In mand 2nd premolar 

Size difference of lingual  cusps (when 2 lingual cusps)

Right or Left? Maxillary molars      

Size difference of cusps Oblique ridge Acute vs. obtuse angles M & D outlines & contact  area Height & length of MRs Root  



Inclination MB vs. DB root morphology

In max. 1st molar 

Cusp of Carabelli

Right or Left? Mandibular molars   

M & D outlines & contact area Height & length of MRs Root  



Inclination M vs. D root morphology

In mand. 1st molar   

The distal cusp 2 B grooves M marginal groove

Sequence of identification­example Identify 21     

Set: Permanent Class: Incisor Arch: Maxillary Type: Central Side: Left