TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT TOOLS OF TQM (2) Abdulla Jassim Abdulla
The Seven Tools oF TQM • Flowcharts • Cause and effect Diagram (Ishikawa) • Check sheets • Pareto Charts • Histograms • Run Charts and Control charts • Scatterplots p and correlation Analysis y
Pareto Charts • Named after Wilfredo Pareto. • Prioritize problems • Categorical Data
Histograms • Process Variability • Continuous Data • Factors important when investigating Histograms:
¾ Variations ¾ Location ¾ Shape ¾ Unusual features
Bar charts • Graphical summary of data • Display group differences • Ordinal data
Unusual Features in Histograms • Bimodal histograms • Cut Cut--off Distribution • Combed Distribution
Summary Statistics • Mean • Median • Standard Deviations • Variance
Run Charts • Variation (Trends) over time. • Data Could be Means, counts or proportions collected over time.