Tipaimukh - Bangladesher Jonno Kothin Porikkha

  • May 2020
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wUcvBgyL evua: evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ KwVb cix¶v evsjv‡`k‡K ivóª wn‡m‡e mvg‡bi A‡bK¸‡jv eQi Zvi RvZxq m¤ú`, RvZxq Aw¯—Z¡ i¶vi jovB‡q g‡bv‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e| Avgv‡`i `~fv© M¨ evsjv‡`k iv‡óªi HwZnvwmK Rb¥ cieZ©x mgq¸‡jv‡Z (Ges Zvi Av‡MI) Avgv‡`i miKvi¸‡jv RvZxq AMÖMwZi w`‡K g‡bv‡hvM bv w`‡q wb‡R‡`i c‡KU fivi avÜvq e¨¯— wQ‡jv| eZ©gvb mg‡qI cwiw¯’wZi †h Lye †ewk cwieZ©b n‡q‡Q Zvi AvjvgZ †evSv hv‡”Q bv| Ab¨vb¨ Z…Zxq we‡k¦i †`k¸‡jvi g‡ZvB †`k‡cÖg Ges RvZxqZv‡eva Avgv‡`i ivRbxwZwe` Ges eyw×Rxex mykxj mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ AZ¨š— Kg| d‡j RvwZ wn‡m‡e gv_v †mvRv K‡i `uvov‡bvi cÖwµqv AvgjvZvwš¿Kfv‡e GLb AZ¨š— RwUj| mvgªvR¨ev`x †`k¸‡jvI ZvB Avgv‡`i bxwZ, mve©‰fvgZ¡, RvZxq m¤ú` wb‡q bvbvb ai‡Yi wQwbwgwb Lye mn‡RB †Lj‡Z cv‡i| fviZ-evsjv‡`k m¤úK© Ggwb‡Z Avgv‡`i ivRbxwZ‡Z weivU cÖfve we¯—vi K‡i Avm‡Q| cÖwZ‡ekx Ges AvqZ‡b wekvj nIqvq fvi‡Zi `v`vwMwi g‡bvfve Avgv‡`i Dci cÖwZwbqZB Pj‡Q| Avgv‡`i miKvi¸‡jvi bZRvby ciivóªbxwZ GB ai‡Yi m¤úK©‡K Av‡iv †cv³ K‡i‡Q| GB my‡hv‡M fviZ KL‡bv KL‡bv evsjv‡`k‡K ev` w`‡qB Zvi RvZxq ¯^v_©wmw×i cvKv‡cv³ e‡›`ve¯— K‡i| Avš—:b`x ms‡hvM †ZgwbB GKwU cÖKí| hvi g‡a¨ fvi‡Zi ‡fZi w`‡q evsjv‡`‡ki w`‡K cÖevwnZ †ek K‡qKwU b`xi cvwbi cÖevn cwieZ©b K‡i fvi‡Zi gi“ AÂj¸‡jv‡Z cvVv‡bv n‡e| d‡j gi“ ivR¨¸‡jvq AwaK km¨ djv‡bv m¤¢e n‡e| Avš—:b`x ms‡hvM cÖKí Ges Zvi cvkvcvwk b`x kvm‡bi me¸‡jv cÖKí fviZ nv‡Z †bq 1950-60 mv‡ji g‡a¨; †m Abyhvqx Zviv Zv‡`i KvR AMÖmiI K‡i| G ai‡Yi cÖK‡íi mv‡_ Aek¨B evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi ¯^v_© RwoZ _v‡K, gv‡S gv‡S wewfbœ Rvb©vj wKsev we‡klÁiv G wel‡q ‡LuvRLei RvbvqI wKš‘ IB †h Avgv‡`i bxwZ wba©viK‡`i UbK b‡o G‡Kev‡i B‡j‡fš’ AvIqv‡i| Avš—:b`x ms‡hvM cÖKí Ges eZ©gvb mg‡qi wUcvBgyL evua wb‡q miKvi D”PwKZ nq fvi‡Zi cvj©v‡g‡›U hLb G¸‡jv wej AvKv‡i cvk nq ZLb| A‡b‡K `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡ib wej AvKv‡i cvk nIqvi Av‡M †Zv G¸‡jvi AvBbMZ wfwË wQ‡jv bv, Zv wVK Z‡e fvi‡Zi g‡Zv mycwÖ ZwôZ MYZvwš¿K †`‡k Avgv‡`i g‡Zv DcwiKvVv‡gvi PP©v Aš—Z RvZxq ¯^v‡_©i wel‡q nq bv| Aek¨B G ai‡Yi welq¸‡jv wb‡q Zv‡`i we‡klÁiv A‡bK KvR K‡i‡Qb, Gi m¤¢ve¨Zv, ¶wZ-jvf we‡ePbv K‡i Zviv 50 eQ‡ii cwiKíbvq G wm×vš— ¸‡jv wb‡qwQ‡jv| Avgv‡`i my‡hvM wQ‡jv fvi‡Zi msm‡` DÌvwcZ nIqvi Av‡MB G welq¸‡jv wb‡q †Rvi K~U‰bwZK ZrciZv Pvjv‡bvi| fvi‡Zi gwYcyi iv‡R¨i wUcvBgyL bvgK GK úvnvox A‡j eivK b`x‡Z gvwë cvicvm W¨vg wbg©vY Kivi GK cwiKíbvi K_v wewfbœ m~‡Îi eiv‡Z Avgiv Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ| †mLvb euva wbg©vY Kivi cvkvcvwk nvB‡Wªv B‡jKwUªK cvIqvi c−¨›U evbv‡bvi cÖv_wgK cwiKíbvi K_vI Avgiv ïb‡Z †c‡qwQ| wm‡jU †Rjvi RwKM‡Äi A`y‡i Agjwk`

mxgvš— c‡q›U †_‡K mivmwi gvÎ 100 wK‡jvwgUvi DRv‡b fvi‡Zi gwbcyi iv‡R¨i ‡PvivPvu`cyi bvgK ¯’v‡b †hLv‡b eivK I UzBfvB b`x wgwjZ n‡q‡Q ‡mLv‡b ÔwUcvBgyL eûgyLx Rj we`y¨r cÖKíÕ bv‡g 500 dzU DuPz I 1500 dzU `xN© GK wekvj cv_‡ii ev‡ai bKkv cÖYqb BwZg‡a¨ fvi‡Zi †K›`ªxq KZ…©c¶ m¤úbœ K‡i‡Q| hvi d‡j cÖvq 300 eM© wK:wg:GjvKv 15 wewjqb Nb wgUv‡ii GK wekvj Rjvav‡i cwiYZ n‡e| 1928 mv‡j cÖwZwóZ B›Uvib¨vkbvj Kwgkb Ab jvR© W¨v‡gi cÖ`Ë msÁv Abyhvqx 15 wgUvi ev Z`yaŸ© Ges 3 wgwjqb wKD‡eK wgUvi ev Gi †ekx cvwb avib ¶gZv m¤úbœ evua-†K jvR© W¨vg ejv nq| 2008 mv‡ji A‡±ve‡i ÔwUcvBgyL eûgyLx Rj we`y¨r cÖKíÕ - Gi Rb¨ cwi‡ek QvocÎ †`qv n‡q‡Q Ges 2006 mv‡j fviZxq R¡vjvbx gwš¿ mykxj Kzgvi wm‡›` Gi wfwË cÖ¯i — ¯’vcb K‡ib| eva wbg©v‡Yi KvR †c‡q‡Q b_© Bó B‡jKwUªK cvIqvi K‡c©v‡ikb (wbc‡Kv)| fvi‡Zi `vwe wUcvBgyL euva wbwg©Z n‡j Ges c~Yk © vw³‡Z cwiPvwjZ n‡j 1500 †gMvIqvU we`y¨r Drcvw`Z n‡e, wKš‘ ev¯—‡e euv‡a KL‡bvB c~Y©kvw³ e¨envi nq bv, d‡j mvaviYfv‡e GB cÖK‡í m‡eŸv”P© 400 †gMvIqvU we`y¨r Drcvw`Z n‡e| wKš‘ bó n‡e eivK-myigv-Kzwkqviv-‡gNbv AeevwnKvi †KvwU †KvwU gvby‡li Rxeb| c„w_ex Ry‡o weMZ 200 eQ‡i eo euva wbg©vb K‡i we`y¨r Drcv`‡bi †KŠkj e¨eüZ n‡”Q| gvwK©b hy³ivóª euva wbg©v‡b me‡P‡q AMÖmi wKš‘y Zviv wb‡RivB cuvP kZvwaK euva †f‡½ w`‡q‡Q| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b MYPxb I fvi‡Z euva wbg©v‡bi wnwoK c‡o‡Q| we‡k¦i †gvU euv‡ai 57% GB `yB †`‡k| Pxb eªþcy‡Îi b`xi Dr†mi euva w`‡q 50% cvwb Zv‡`i †Mvwe gi“f~wg‡Z wb‡Z Pvq| fviZI Ai“YvPj cÖ‡`‡k eªþcy‡Î Rjvavi wbg©vb Ki‡Z Pvq| G‡Z ¶wZMÖ¯— n‡ev Avgiv KviY evsjv‡`‡ki †gvU cvwb cÖev‡ni 49% Av‡m eªþcyÎ †_‡K| wUcvB gyL euva fvi‡Zi Af¨š—‡i Aew¯’Z n‡jI Avš—Rv©wZK AvBb Abymv‡i †hme b`x GKvwaK †`‡ki ga¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ Zv‡`i cvwb DRv‡bi †`k GK Zidvfv‡e cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| wKš‘ fviZxq miKvi GB euva wbg©v‡bi c~‡e© evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mv‡_ †Kvbiƒc Av‡jvPbv ev †Kvb Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡iwb, hv 1997 mv‡ji RvwZms‡Ni mvavib cwil‡` M„wnZ cvwb Kb‡fbk‡bi ei‡Ljvc| cvwb Kb‡fbkb g‡Z, Ò ‡Kvb Awfbœ b`xi Dci GKK †`k GKZidv Ggb †Kvb KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡ebv hv Aci †`‡k †`‡k H b`xi Dci we‡kl cÖfve †dj‡e Ó| G Kb‡fbk‡bi Aby‡”Q` 7(1) G ejv n‡q‡Q ÒcÖwZwU ivóª Avš— —Rv© wZK AvšR© Rj cÖev‡ni cvwb e¨envi Kievi mgq cvk¦eZx© iv󪸇jvi hv‡Z †Kvb eo ai‡bi ¶wZ bv nq Gwel‡q cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖnb Ki‡eÓ| GQvovI World Commission of Dam (WCD) (1994) Gi euva welqK mycvwik n‡”Q: 1. †Kvb Rb‡Mvwôi Ômy¯úó Aby‡gv`bÕ (Demonstrable acceptance) Qvov †Kvb euva wbg©vY Kiv hv‡e bv| we‡klZ Avw`evmx| 2. wbg©vY cÖwµqv n‡e me©vZ¥K I AskMÖnY g~jK| 3. †Kvb bZzb cÖKí wbg©v‡bi c~‡e© Rj I kvwš—i Dbœqb‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| hviv ¶wZMÖ¯— n‡e cwi‡ekmn Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq ¶wZ c~iY w`‡Z n‡e|

Avš—R©vwZK b`xi cvwb e¨envi msµvš— †njwmsK bxwZgvjvi 4 I 5 b¤^i Aby‡”Q‡` ejv n‡q‡Q ÒcÖwZwU AeevwnKvfy³ ivóª Awfbœ b`x¸‡jv e¨env‡ii †¶‡Î Aek¨B Ab¨ iv‡óªi A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK cÖ‡qvRb †K we‡ePbvq †b‡e| Zv Zv Aek¨B Ab¨ iv‡óªi †Kvb ¶wZ bv K‡iB n‡Z n‡eÓ| 1992 mv‡ji Wvewjb bxwZgvjvi 2 b¤^i bxwZ‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q Òcvwb Dbœqb I e¨e¯’vcbv Aek¨B mevi AskMÖnbgyjK n‡Z n‡e Ó| GQvovI GB evua wbg©v‡bi D‡`¨vM 1996 mv‡j fviZ-evsjv‡`k GB `yB ‡`‡ki ga¨Kvi mv¶wiZ M½v b`xi cvwb e›Ub Pzw³iI jsNb| GB Pzw³i 9 Aby‡”Q` g‡Z Dfq †`k b¨vh¨Zv, b¨vqcivqbZv I †Kvb ¶wZ bv Kivi wfwˇZ †hŠ_ b`xi cvwb fvMvfvwM Ki‡e| wUcvBgyL euva †Lv` fvi‡Z †h me wec` †W‡K Avb‡e Zv n‡jvgwbcy‡ii cÖvq 400 wKtwgt GjvKv RjgMœ Ki‡e| hvi g‡a¨ eo ebvÂj I †jvKvjq i‡q‡Q| wekvj RjgMœ GjvKv †_‡K wbM©Z wg‡_b M¨vm (CH4) IRb ¯—‡i ‡bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡e| GB euv‡ai we‡ivwaZv Ki‡Q †Lv` fvi‡Zi gwbcyi iv‡R¨i RbMb| Zv‡`i mv‡_ fvi‡Zi miKviI K_v e‡jwb| A_©vr fviZ wbR †`‡kI Avš—Rv© wZK AvBb jsNb Ki‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k wUcvBgyL euva-Gi †bwZevPK cÖfvemg~n: 1. GB euva myigv-Kzwkqviv-†gNbvi MwZaviv cwieZ©b Ki‡e| ZvQvov G evua mgy`ªc„ó n‡Z 7-8 dzU DPz | 2. wUcvBgyL euv‡ai d‡j myigv-Kzwkqviv-†gNbvi †mªvZaviv Ges b`x ms‡hvM cÖK‡íi d‡j eªþcy‡Îi ‡mªvZaviv eÜ n‡j mvM‡ii †jvbvcvwb †`‡ki ga¨vÂj ch©š— D‡V Avm‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z b`xi cvwbi ˆewkó¨ †hgb-my‡cq cvwb bó Ki‡e| 3. fy-Mf©¯’ cvwbi ¯—i wb‡P bvg‡Z _vK‡e Ges Av‡m©wb‡Ki gvÎvI evo‡e| 4. RjR cÖvYxi †hgb-wewfbœ cÖRvwZi gvQ Avw¯—Z¡ ûgwKi gy‡L co‡e| 5. b`x wfwËK RxweKv †hgb-K…wl KvR, gvQ aiv ¶wZMÖ¯— n‡e| 6. cvwbi cÖevn wec`¾bK nv‡i Kg‡e| KviY wUcvBgyL euva wbwg©Z n‡e KwVb wkjvq| wbg©vY Kv‡jB wecyj cwigvb evwj myigvKywkqvivi ¯^vfvweK cÖevn‡K evavMÖ¯— Ki‡e| 7. Liv †gŠmy‡g fviZ euva AvUwK‡q cvwb mÂq Ki‡e| wKš‘ e„wó †gŠmy‡g euva i¶vi Rb¨ d¬vW †MBU Ly‡j w`‡e d‡j wm‡j‡Ui wbgœvÂj c−vweZ n‡e| 8. †fŠMwjK Ae¯’vbMZ w`K †_‡K wm‡jU GKwU f~wgK¤ú cÖeY GjvKv| MZ 100 eQ‡i G A‡j 6 I 7 wiLUvi †¯‹‡ji K‡qKwU eo fywgK¤ú n‡h‡Q| hvi g‡a¨ 1897 mv‡j msNwUZ †MÖU Avmvg fywgK¤ú Ab¨Zg| Gi d‡j wm‡j‡Ui fy-cÖKw… Z †Z e¨vcK cwieZ©b Av‡m| wUcvBgyL euva GB AvksKv‡K Av‡iv eo K‡i Zzj‡e| AvksKvi e¨vcvi n‡”Q wUcvBgyL evua †h RvqMvq wbwg©Z n‡”Q GwU GKwU fywgK¤ú cÖeY GjvKv| GLv‡b mybvgxi gZ R‡jv”Qvm m„wó nIqvI Am¤¢e bq| Zwj‡q †h‡Z cv‡i wm‡jU mn evsjv‡`‡ki c~e© fv‡Mi wewfbœ AÂj|

9. e„nËi wm‡jU I gqgbwmsn A‡j 1/6 Ask Ry‡o nvIo AÂj Aew¯’Z| GB euva wbg©v‡Yi d‡j cvwbi D”PZvi ZviZ‡g¨i Rb¨ el©vKv‡ji ciI nvIo A‡j cvwb R‡g _vK‡e| hv GK dmjx Rwg‡K ¶wZMÖ¯— Ki‡e, wewNœZ n‡e Lv`¨ wbivcËv| B‡gU-G Av‡gwiKvb wgwUI‡ivjwRK¨vj †mvmvBwUi Rvb©vj Ae K¬vB‡gU cÖKvwkZ M‡elYv †_‡K Rvbv hvq we‡k¦i ¸i“Z¡c~Y© b`xmg~‡ni cvwbi cÖevn MZ 50 eQ‡i Kg‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| wP‡bi DËiv‡j B‡qv‡jv wifvi, fvi‡Zi M½v, hy³iv‡óªi K‡jviv‡Wv b`xi cvwbi Drm µ‡gB n«vm cv‡”Q| Zviv G‡¶‡Î 900wU b`xi cvwbi cÖev‡n 50 eQ‡ii DcvË we‡k−lY K‡i‡Qb| G‡Z cvwb cÖevn n«vm cvIqvi KviY wn‡m‡e †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q euva wbg©vY, †m‡Pi Rb¨ cvwb cÖev‡ni w`K cwieZ©b BZ¨vw`| ZvB wUcvBgy‡L euva wbg©vY n‡j evsjv‡`‡k cvwbi cÖevn K‡g hv‡e Zv mn‡R Aby‡gq| d‡j GLbB hw` †Kvb Kvh©Ki c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv bv hvq Zvn‡j meyR k¨vgj wm‡jU GK mgq gi“f~wg‡Z cwiYZ n‡e| A_ev †ewk cvwbi cÖev‡ni `i“Y Zwj‡q hv‡e| AvksKvi K_v n‡”Q hw` Avgiv Avgv‡`i Aw¯—Z¡Õi ¯^v‡_© HK¨e× bv nB Zvn‡j fqvbK cwiYwZ Avgv‡`i Rb¨ A‡c¶v Ki‡Q| hw` miKvi `„X‡PZv bv nq, hw` †Kej fviZ we‡ivwaZvi bv‡g ivR‰bwZK c¶¸‡jv †mv”Pvi nq Zvn‡j Avg-Qvjv `y‡UvB hvevi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| Avkvi K_v RbMY Pzovš— Av‡›`vjb¸‡jv‡Z KL‡bv AÜKv‡i _v‡K bv, mwVK c_ wVKB Luy‡R †bq| ïay `iKvi m‡PZb As‡ki cÖ¯w‘ Z|

gxi †gvkviid †nv‡mb mvaviY m¤úv`K evsjv‡`k QvÎ BDwbqb XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq msm`|

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