The State Of Ecological And Earth
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The State of Ecological and Earth Sciences in Mountain Areas
Value of Mountains Mountains cover about 20% of the Earth’s land surface. Mountains provide vital physical, biological, cultural and spiritual values on every continent. Sponsored by:
Environment Canada
Environnement Canada
Centre for Applied Conservation Research
Mountains are Global Water Towers, storing and releasing fresh water for more than half of the world’s population
Mountains support high biodiversity given their diverse habitats and life conditions for resident and migrant wildlife
Mountains support agricultural, forestry, tourism and recreational economies
Mountains provide reference sites for ecological and hydrological monitoring for climate change and air and water quality
Mountains serve increasingly as biotic refuges, as low elevation habitats diminish
2002 was the International Year of Mountains. These highlights THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA
provide an overview of the science behind our understanding of mountain environments .
The State of Ecological and Earth Sciences in Mountain Areas Kathy Martin and David S. Hik
Mountain Water Storage and Release
1. Water Towers of the World: The Hydrological Significance of Mountains Daniel Viviroli, Rolf Weingartner, and Bruno Messerli 2. Glacier Retreat in Alpine Areas Shawn Marshall 3. Glacier and Permafrost Changes in High-Mountain Areas Wilfried Haeberli 4. Catastrophic Floods Caused by Sudden Draining of Lakes in High Mountains John J. Clague 5. Floods in the Mountains: Rivers Running Riot Michael Church 6. Freshwaters in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta as Indicators of the Cumulative Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities David Schindler
Species at Risk
7. Rapid Decline of Whitebark Pine Communities: Ecological Implications Diana F. Tomback 8. Endangered Toads in the Mountains Paul Stephen Corn 9. Borrowing from Burrowers: Conservation Lessons from Alpine-Dwelling Marmots Tim J. Karels, J. Brashares and A. Bryant 10. Conservation of Mountain Carnivores: Living with Fierce Creatures? David Mattson
Biological Connectivity
11. Staying on Top: Persistence and Connectivity Processes for Birds in Mountain Habitats Kathy Martin 12. Effect of Rising Treeline on Connectivity of Alpine Meadows for Butterfly Populations Jens Roland, Nusha Keyghobadi and Steve Matter 13. Landscape-Level Movements of Mountain Ungulates: Carrying Genes and Pathogens between Populations Marco Festa-Bianchet 14. Using the Participatory Approach to Design Mountain Protected Area Networks: Lessons from Species, Spaces and People Alejandro Velázquez, A. Pérez, F. Romero and G. Bocco
Climate Change
15. Global Change in High Elevation Ecosystems Christian Körner 16. Mammalian Herbivores in a Dynamic Alpine Environment David S. Hik 17. Effect of Snowmelt Timing on Alpine Plants Gaku Kudo 18. Recent Environmental Changes in the Canadian Rockies Brian Luckman and Trudy Kavanagh
Contaminants Suggested Citation: Martin, K. and D.S. Hik. 2003. The State of Ecological and Earth Sciences in Mountain Areas. Science Highlights from Symposium on Ecological and Earth Sciences in Mountain Areas, September 2002, Banff, Alberta, Canada. 46 pages. Thanks to Andrea Norris for assistance in production. Design: Linda Coe Graphic Design Limited.
19. Air Quality Issues in North American Mountains Kathy Tonnessen 20. Accumulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Alpine and Northern Environments Jules M. Blais 21. Why Do Contaminants Concentrate in the Environment? Robie Macdonald, Donald Mackay, and Yi-Fan Li 22. Evidence of Airborne Contamination of Western North American Mountain Ecosystems Dixon Landers, T. Blett, J. Stoddard, D. Muir and C. Shaver 23. Persistant Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Fish and Osprey from High Elevations John Elliott, D.P. Shaw, S. Lee, M. Wayland, L. Wilson and D. Muir
Value of Mountains Mountains cover about 20% of the Earth’s land surface. Mountains provide vital physical, biological, cultural and spiritual values on every continent. Sponsored by:
Environment Canada
Environnement Canada
Centre for Applied Conservation Research
Mountains are Global Water Towers, storing and releasing fresh water for more than half of the world’s population
Mountains support high biodiversity given their diverse habitats and life conditions for resident and migrant wildlife
Mountains support agricultural, forestry, tourism and recreational economies
Mountains provide reference sites for ecological and hydrological monitoring for climate change and air and water quality
Mountains serve increasingly as biotic refuges, as low elevation habitats diminish
2002 was the International Year of Mountains. These highlights THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA
provide an overview of the science behind our understanding of mountain environments .
The State of Ecological and Earth Sciences in Mountain Areas Kathy Martin and David S. Hik
Mountain Water Storage and Release
1. Water Towers of the World: The Hydrological Significance of Mountains Daniel Viviroli, Rolf Weingartner, and Bruno Messerli 2. Glacier Retreat in Alpine Areas Shawn Marshall 3. Glacier and Permafrost Changes in High-Mountain Areas Wilfried Haeberli 4. Catastrophic Floods Caused by Sudden Draining of Lakes in High Mountains John J. Clague 5. Floods in the Mountains: Rivers Running Riot Michael Church 6. Freshwaters in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta as Indicators of the Cumulative Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities David Schindler
Species at Risk
7. Rapid Decline of Whitebark Pine Communities: Ecological Implications Diana F. Tomback 8. Endangered Toads in the Mountains Paul Stephen Corn 9. Borrowing from Burrowers: Conservation Lessons from Alpine-Dwelling Marmots Tim J. Karels, J. Brashares and A. Bryant 10. Conservation of Mountain Carnivores: Living with Fierce Creatures? David Mattson
Biological Connectivity
11. Staying on Top: Persistence and Connectivity Processes for Birds in Mountain Habitats Kathy Martin 12. Effect of Rising Treeline on Connectivity of Alpine Meadows for Butterfly Populations Jens Roland, Nusha Keyghobadi and Steve Matter 13. Landscape-Level Movements of Mountain Ungulates: Carrying Genes and Pathogens between Populations Marco Festa-Bianchet 14. Using the Participatory Approach to Design Mountain Protected Area Networks: Lessons from Species, Spaces and People Alejandro Velázquez, A. Pérez, F. Romero and G. Bocco
Climate Change
15. Global Change in High Elevation Ecosystems Christian Körner 16. Mammalian Herbivores in a Dynamic Alpine Environment David S. Hik 17. Effect of Snowmelt Timing on Alpine Plants Gaku Kudo 18. Recent Environmental Changes in the Canadian Rockies Brian Luckman and Trudy Kavanagh
Contaminants Suggested Citation: Martin, K. and D.S. Hik. 2003. The State of Ecological and Earth Sciences in Mountain Areas. Science Highlights from Symposium on Ecological and Earth Sciences in Mountain Areas, September 2002, Banff, Alberta, Canada. 46 pages. Thanks to Andrea Norris for assistance in production. Design: Linda Coe Graphic Design Limited.
19. Air Quality Issues in North American Mountains Kathy Tonnessen 20. Accumulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Alpine and Northern Environments Jules M. Blais 21. Why Do Contaminants Concentrate in the Environment? Robie Macdonald, Donald Mackay, and Yi-Fan Li 22. Evidence of Airborne Contamination of Western North American Mountain Ecosystems Dixon Landers, T. Blett, J. Stoddard, D. Muir and C. Shaver 23. Persistant Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Fish and Osprey from High Elevations John Elliott, D.P. Shaw, S. Lee, M. Wayland, L. Wilson and D. Muir
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