The Research Process
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Guidelines for Selecting a Topic 1. Interest – are you interested in the topic? 2. Originality – has someone written on the topic before? 3. Researchable – will people be willing to give you information on the topic? 4. Feasibility – Do you have enough time and money?
Sources of Research Topics • • • • •
Personal Experience Textbooks & Journals Current affairs (radio, Tv, newspapers) Previous Research Works Project Supervisor/Lecturer
What NEXT? Once you select a topic, you will now start the research. A research project is made up of 5 chapters: we shall briefly go over them.
Elements of a Research Project • • • • •
Chapter ONE – Introduction Chapter TWO – Literature Review Chapter THREE – Research Methodology Chapter FOUR – Data Analysis Chapter FIVE – Summary, Conclusion & Recommendations
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION • • • • • • •
Background of the Study Statement of the Problem Purpose of the Study Significance of the Study Scope of the Study Research Questions Definition of Terms
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY • Explain what the topic is all about and the problem to be investigated • Give reasons why you became interested in the topic • Try to convince the reader why finding solution to the problem is so important • State what your research wants to do.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM • What is it you are investigating? • What problem do you want to find solution to? • State the problem preferably in form of a question e.g. Why do students engage in exam malpractice?
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY • Why are you carrying out the research i.e. what do you want find out? • To write a good purpose, you should identify and list the things you want to find out in the research. • For instance, this research wants to find out: (i) why students engage in exam. Malpractice; (ii) whether they believe exam malpractice can be avoided
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY • What is the importance of this research • Who will benefit from this research and how would they benefit? • For instance this research will be important to School administrators because it will reveal the causes of exam malpractice and their possible solutions.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY • ‘Scope’ refers to the area covered by something. What aspects of the topic are you covering in this research? • Scope does not mean the location you are covering. You define the scope in relation to the content of the topic • For instance, this research will concentrate on exam. Malpractices carried out during the conduct of examinations. It will not look at those carried out before or after the exams
RESEARCH QUESTIONS • In order to find information for a research, a researcher has to ask questions. • These questions asked must be related to the Purposes of the research. These questions are called Research Questions • For instance, on the topic we are using a researcher can ask these questions: • Why do students engage in exam malpractice ? • How can exam malpractice be avoided?
DEFINITION OF TERMS • Are there terms or concepts that you are using in ways different from their ordinary meanings? These are the concepts you should define. • For instance for a topic like, Causes of examination malpractice among students of FCE T Gusau; the only concept you need to define is examination malpractice
RECAP • • • • • • • •
Chapter One = INTRODUCTION It is made up of: Background of the Study Statement of the Problem Purpose of the Study Significance of the Study Scope of the Study Definition of Terms
Sources of Research Topics • • • • •
Personal Experience Textbooks & Journals Current affairs (radio, Tv, newspapers) Previous Research Works Project Supervisor/Lecturer
What NEXT? Once you select a topic, you will now start the research. A research project is made up of 5 chapters: we shall briefly go over them.
Elements of a Research Project • • • • •
Chapter ONE – Introduction Chapter TWO – Literature Review Chapter THREE – Research Methodology Chapter FOUR – Data Analysis Chapter FIVE – Summary, Conclusion & Recommendations
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION • • • • • • •
Background of the Study Statement of the Problem Purpose of the Study Significance of the Study Scope of the Study Research Questions Definition of Terms
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY • Explain what the topic is all about and the problem to be investigated • Give reasons why you became interested in the topic • Try to convince the reader why finding solution to the problem is so important • State what your research wants to do.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM • What is it you are investigating? • What problem do you want to find solution to? • State the problem preferably in form of a question e.g. Why do students engage in exam malpractice?
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY • Why are you carrying out the research i.e. what do you want find out? • To write a good purpose, you should identify and list the things you want to find out in the research. • For instance, this research wants to find out: (i) why students engage in exam. Malpractice; (ii) whether they believe exam malpractice can be avoided
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY • What is the importance of this research • Who will benefit from this research and how would they benefit? • For instance this research will be important to School administrators because it will reveal the causes of exam malpractice and their possible solutions.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY • ‘Scope’ refers to the area covered by something. What aspects of the topic are you covering in this research? • Scope does not mean the location you are covering. You define the scope in relation to the content of the topic • For instance, this research will concentrate on exam. Malpractices carried out during the conduct of examinations. It will not look at those carried out before or after the exams
RESEARCH QUESTIONS • In order to find information for a research, a researcher has to ask questions. • These questions asked must be related to the Purposes of the research. These questions are called Research Questions • For instance, on the topic we are using a researcher can ask these questions: • Why do students engage in exam malpractice ? • How can exam malpractice be avoided?
DEFINITION OF TERMS • Are there terms or concepts that you are using in ways different from their ordinary meanings? These are the concepts you should define. • For instance for a topic like, Causes of examination malpractice among students of FCE T Gusau; the only concept you need to define is examination malpractice
RECAP • • • • • • • •
Chapter One = INTRODUCTION It is made up of: Background of the Study Statement of the Problem Purpose of the Study Significance of the Study Scope of the Study Definition of Terms
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