The New Luddites
“Control over the large systems of machines will be in the hands of a tiny elite…and because human work will no longer be necessary the masses will be superfluous, a useless burden on the system…if the elite is ruthless they may simply decide to exterminate the mass of humanity.” -Theodore Kaczynski
Bryan Kennedy Sociology Poulson December 11, 2001
Let me first preface myself by saying that I don’t believe the conditions are right to support a cultural revolution like the one we saw in the 60’s. Since that time, we have become a society of comfortable conformists, counting on our televisions to tell us what to do and how to think. My generation literally grew up on the tube. Why would this fact deter a cultural uprising? While I don’t believe the government or large corporations are anywhere near smart enough to go so far as attempt some form of mind control, I think that the very nature of television, and advertising in general, have two main sideeffects that would hinder support for any possible revolution: isolation and conformity. A revolution like that of the 60’s requires both originality and a sense of community. But while technology has served to prevent a traditional movement, I think it is the advancement of technology itself will lead us to the next upheaval. Every revolution requires a spark. In the 60’s, it took many sparks firing at the same time to light the fire and organize a cause: the assassination of JFK and MLK, the war and the draft.... The list goes on. So, what spark might be required to ignite another fire of social change in the near future? The discovery of artificial intelligence. Today we live in a world that is everchanging. With each passing month we witness the birth of yet another new technology. The speed with which our current
technology becomes outdated is almost ridiculous. Never before have you had to buy something that costs almost a full month’s salary, which will only be worth a tenth of that a year later. With this constant change, and the struggle to keep up, comes frustration. Frustration at the amount of money that is required to stay in the game, frustration at the impossible task of staying intellectually current on the use all this technology, and the frustration that while all this new technology is marketed as being able to make our lives easier, in fact, seems to do just the opposite. And the pace of technology keeps speeding up. Most estimates put the evolution of computing systems capable of achieving humanlike thought at about 2020. With this, and everimproving robotic technology, computers will begin to replace more and more advanced humanhelp jobs. Factory workers, checkout clerks, bank tellers, pilots… The list goes on. And as artificial intelligence surpasses human intelligence, there will really be no reason for human labor at all. At least, that’s the thinking that will lead to the next revolution. That our jobs and our livelihoods will be replaced by thinking (but not feeling) machines. And then there’s movies like The Matrix and A.I. that show a world postAI, a ghostly world where humans are extinct, or have at least taken a back seat to the new machines. Today there is what’s called the Luddite movement. One of the move famous supporters of this movement was Theodore Kaczynski, the socalled Unabomber. In general, they believe that the advancement of technology is the path toward destruction. Ever since the introduction of mechanical devices, there has been one movement or another supporting the cause of antitechnology. Most of their ideas, however, have little merit in the ears today’s society. Destruction? Isolation? Are you saying my computer’s is one day going to open up its CD drive and bite my leg off? I don’t think so. But when artificial intelligence rolls around? People will start listening, and the movement will grow. In the 60’s people were feeling uneasiness over the inequality of the haves and
havenots. Those in power and those who had no say. In this neoLuddite movement of tomorrow, people will begin to feel as if they are being replaced by computers. There will be a big fear that there will be no reason for the lower or middle classes, as all labor can and will be performed by machines that don’t work for a wage. Every revolution spark requires a fire starter who works to make the spark into a fire. In the 60’s these leaders came from all walks of life, but were mostly part of the younger generation, the generation who was revolting. They had no special experience in lighting revolutions or organizing rallies. They just somehow got lifted into such a position. This new revolution will be different. I think people will be looking for answers. They will be scared by what they see around them: factories being shut down, their friends and family being laid off... They will be looking for experience. I think the leaders of this movement then, will be both those who have been and are now in the leadership positions of the current Luddite movement. I also think that disillusioned computer scientists will likely join in as spokespersons. Ironically enough, it will likely be the internet and other media technology that will be used to spread the ideology of the movement. It’s hard to say what this new revolution will look like. In the movie A.I., by Stephan Spielberg, such a movement was depicted through a rally where humans destroyed robots they captured in an arena as a spectator event. While this might occur, and certainly would work to ease the frustration of the day, I don’t think it would have the impact necessary to accomplish the goals of the movement. Instead, I think any sort of revolution that might take place would be in the form of boycotts – such as refusing to shop at any store that employs robots – and also in the form of violence against corporations that produce them. So where does this leave me? My chosen major is Cognitive Science, the field that is focused on understanding intelligence and how it might be recreated in computers.
Thus, I plan to play a hand in the creation of machines that have the potential to create such unrest. My vision and hope however, is that AI will be used to extend the capabilities of mankind, rather than necessarily replace it. So will I join the movement if corporations think differently than I? Perhaps. Heck, when I said “disillusioned computer scientists”, I was leaving room for myself.