The Basis Of The Sunnah Study Guide

                    H E B A S I S O F         T H E U N N A H         A N D B E L I E F I N         T H E R E L I G I O N                 By:     Abū Ḥātim ar-Rāzī     and     Abū Zurʿah ar-Rāzī            

hZg

T

S

aZe   

Rendered into the English language by Abūl-Layth Qāsim ibn Aggrey Mutiva

‫‪TRANSLITERATION CHART‬‬ ‫‪Library of Congress/ALA‬‬ ‫‪Number‬‬

‫‪Name‬‬

‫‪Roman‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ʾalif‬‬

‫** ‪ʾ / ā / * /‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪bāʾ‬‬

‫‪b‬‬

‫‪400‬‬

‫‪tāʾ‬‬

‫‪t‬‬

‫‪500‬‬

‫‪thāʾ‬‬

‫‪th‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪jīm‬‬

‫‪i‬‬

‫‪8‬‬

‫‪ḥāʾ‬‬

‫‪ḥ‬‬

‫‪600‬‬

‫‪khāʾ‬‬

‫‪kh‬‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫‪dāl‬‬

‫‪d‬‬

‫‪700‬‬

‫‪dhāl‬‬

‫‪dh‬‬

‫‪200‬‬

‫‪rāʾ‬‬

‫‪r‬‬

‫‪7‬‬

‫‪zāy‬‬

‫‪z‬‬

‫‪60‬‬

‫‪sīn‬‬

‫‪s‬‬

‫‪300‬‬

‫‪shīn‬‬

‫‪sh‬‬

‫‪90‬‬

‫‪ṣād‬‬

‫‪ṣ‬‬

‫‪800‬‬

‫‪ḍād‬‬

‫‪ḍ‬‬

‫‪9‬‬

‫‪ṭāʾ‬‬

‫‪ṭ‬‬

‫‪900‬‬

‫‪ẓāʾ‬‬

‫‪ẓ‬‬

‫‪70‬‬

‫‪ʿayn‬‬

‫‪ʿ‬‬

‫‪1000‬‬

‫‪ghayn‬‬

‫‪gh‬‬

‫‪80‬‬

‫‪fāʾ‬‬

‫‪f‬‬

‫‪100‬‬

‫‪qāf‬‬

‫‪q‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪kāf‬‬

‫‪k‬‬

‫‪30‬‬

‫‪lām‬‬

‫‪l‬‬

‫‪40‬‬

‫‪mīm‬‬

‫‪m‬‬

‫‪50‬‬

‫‪nūn‬‬

‫‪n‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪tāʾ / hāʾ/ta‬‬ ‫‪marbūṭah‬‬

‫***‪h / t /‬‬

‫‪6‬‬

‫‪wāw‬‬

‫‪w/ū‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪yāʾ‬‬

‫‪y/ī‬‬

‫ـــ‬

‫‪alif maqṣūrah‬‬

‫‪From Left‬‬

‫‪Middle‬‬

‫‪From Right‬‬

‫‪Isolated‬‬

‫ـــ‬

‫ـــ‬

‫ـﺎ‬

‫ﺁﺍ‬

‫ﺑـ‬ ‫ﺗـ‬ ‫ﺛـ‬ ‫ﺟـ‬ ‫ﺣـ‬ ‫ﺧـ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ﺳـ‬ ‫ﺷـ‬ ‫ﺻـ‬ ‫ﺿـ‬ ‫ﻃـ‬ ‫ﻇـ‬ ‫ﻋـ‬ ‫ﻏـ‬ ‫ﻓـ‬ ‫ﻗـ‬ ‫ﻛـ‬ ‫ﻟـ‬ ‫ﻣـ‬ ‫ﻧـ‬ ‫ﻫـ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ﻳـ‬ ‫ـــ‬

‫‪á‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫ـﺒـ‬ ‫ـﺘـ‬ ‫ـﺜـ‬ ‫ـﺠـ‬ ‫ـﺤـ‬ ‫ـﺨـ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ـﺴـ‬ ‫ـﺸـ‬ ‫ـﺼـ‬ ‫ـﻀـ‬ ‫ـﻄـ‬ ‫ـﻈـ‬ ‫ـﻌـ‬ ‫ـﻐـ‬ ‫ـﻔـ‬ ‫ـﻘـ‬ ‫ـﻜـ‬ ‫ـﻠـ‬ ‫ـﻤـ‬ ‫ـﻨـ‬ ‫ـﻬـ‬ ‫ـــ‬ ‫ـﻴـ‬ ‫ـــ‬

‫ـﺐ‬ ‫ـﺖ‬ ‫ـﺚ‬ ‫ـﺞ‬ ‫ـﺢ‬ ‫ـﺦ‬ ‫ـﺪ‬ ‫ـﺬ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬ ‫ـﺰ‬ ‫ـﺲ‬ ‫ـﺶ‬ ‫ـﺺ‬ ‫ـﺾ‬ ‫ـﻂ‬ ‫ـﻆ‬ ‫ـﻊ‬ ‫ـﻎ‬ ‫ـﻒ‬ ‫ـﻖ‬ ‫ـﻚ‬ ‫ـﻞ‬ ‫ـﻢ‬ ‫ـﻦ‬ ‫ـﻪ‪ /‬ـﺔ‬ ‫ـﻮ‬ ‫ـﻲ‬ ‫ـﻲ‬

‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺙ‬ ‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺡ‬ ‫ﺥ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺫ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ﺵ‬ ‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﺽ‬ ‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﻉ‬ ‫ﻍ‬ ‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﻕ‬ ‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻩ‪/‬ﺓ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﻯ‬

‫ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺃﰊ ﺯﺭﻋﺔ ﻋﺒﻴﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﻭﺃﰊ ﺣﺎﰎ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺇﺩﺭﻳﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺯﻳﲔ‬ ‫)ﻭﲨﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻒ ﳑﻦ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﺭﲪﻬﻢ ﺍﷲ(‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫ ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺍﳊ ـﺴﲔ ﺑ ـﻦ ﳏﻤ ـﺪ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎﻝ‬، ‫ ﺃﺧﱪﻧﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﳌﻈﻔﺮ ﺍﳌﻘﺮﺉ‬-۳۲۱ ، ‫ ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺣ ـﺎﰎ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎﻝ‬، ‫ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺶ ﺍﳌﻘﺮﺉ‬ : ‫ﻗﺎﻝ‬ Muḥammad ibn al-Muẓaffar al-Maqriʾ informed us saying: al-Ḥusayn ibn Muhammad ibn Ḥabsh al-Maqriʾ told us that Abū Muḥammad ʿAbdur-Raḥmān ibn Abī Ḥātim said:

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4

‫ ﻭﻣ ـﺎ‬، ‫ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﺃﰊ ﻭﺃﺑﺎ ﺯﺭﻋﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺬﺍﻫﺐ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺃﺻ ـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟ ـﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ؟‬، ‫ﺃﺩﺭﻛﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﺼﺎﺭ‬ I asked my father and Abū Zurʿah about the beliefs of the people of the Sunnah concerning the fundamentals of the religion and what they have attained from the scholars in all of the various lands concerning this, and what it is that they believe in accordance with that?

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5

‫ ﺣﺠﺎﺯ ﹰﺍ ﻭﻋﺮﺍﻗ ﹰﺎ ﻭﺷﺎﻣ ﹰﺎ ﻭﳝﻨ ـ ﹰﺎ‬- ‫ ﺃﺩﺭﻛﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﺼﺎﺭ‬: ‫ﻓﻘﺎﻻ‬ : ‫ ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﻬﻢ‬To this they replied: We have learned from the scholars of the Hijāz1, ʿIrāq, Egypt, Syria, and Yemen that from their doctrine is the following:

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Translators Note: Makkah & Madinah and some of the surrounding territories.

6

. ‫ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻭﻳﻨﻘﺺ‬، ‫ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻭﻋﻤﻞ‬ Īmān (faith) consists of speech & action; it increases and decreases.

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7

. ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻏﲑ ﳐﻠﻮﻕ ﲜﻤﻴﻊ ﺟﻬﺎﺗﻪ‬ And the Qurʾān is the speech of Allah which is not created in any way shape or form.

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8

. ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﺧﲑﻩ ﻭﺷﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‬ And the Qadr (divine predestination), both the good of it and bad of it, is from Allah the Mighty and Majestic.

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9

، ‫ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺍﻟ ـﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬:‫ﻭﺧﲑ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﺒﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ ﰒ ﻋﻠ ـ ـﻲ ﺑ ـ ـﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻃﺎﻟ ـ ـﺐ‬، ‫ ﰒ ﻋﺜﻤ ـ ـﺎﻥ ﺑ ـ ـﻦ ﻋﻔ ـ ـﺎﻥ‬، ‫ﰒ ﻋﻤ ـ ـﺮ ﺑ ـ ـﻦ ﺍﳋﻄ ـ ـﺎﺏ‬ . ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬ And that the best of this nation after it's Messenger () is Abū Bakr as-Sidīq, then ʿUmar ibn Al-Khaṭṭṭāb, then ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān, Then ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib and may peace be upon all of them.

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10

. ‫ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﳋﻠﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺷﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﳌﻬﺪﻳﻮﻥ‬ They are the Rightly Guided Caliphs [Successors of the Prophet Muḥammad ()].

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11

‫ﻭﺷ ـﻬﺪ ﳍ ـﻢ ﺑﺎﳉﻨ ـﺔ ﻋﻠ ـﻰ ﻣ ـﺎ‬  ‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﲰﺎﻫﻢ ﺭﺳ ـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‬ . ‫ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﳊﻖ‬  ‫ﺷﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‬ And that the ten whom the Prophet of Allah () specifically named and bore witness for them the paradise are upon that which the Messenger of Allah  informed us of and his statement is nothing other than the truth.

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12

. ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻒ ﻋﻤﺎ ﺷﺠﺮ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‬  ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺣﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﳏﻤﺪ‬ And mercy is to be sought and shown to all of the companions of Muḥammad () and his family and we are silent about what occurred of disputation between them.

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13

‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻋﻠ ـﻰ ﻋﺮﺷ ـﻪ ﺑ ـﺎﺋﻦ ﻣ ـﻦ ﺧﻠﻘ ـﻪ ﻛﻤ ـﺎ ﻭﺻ ـﻒ ﻧﻔ ـﺴﻪ ﰲ‬ ، ‫ﺑﻼ ﻛﻴﻒ ؟ ﺃﺣ ـﺎﻁ ﺑﻜ ـﻞ ﺷ ـﻲﺀ ﻋﻠﻤ ـﺎ‬  ‫ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬، ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬ . ﴾ ‫﴿ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻛﻤﺜﻠﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﲑ‬ And that Allah the Mighty and Majestic is distinct from His creation as He has described Himself in His Book and upon the tongue of his Messenger () without inquiry into how. His knowledge encompasses everything; “there is nothing like Him and He is The All-Hearing, All-Seeing.1”

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Sūrah ash-Shūrā 42:11

14

‫ﻭﺃﻧ ـ ـﻪ ﺗﺒ ـ ـﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺗﻌ ـ ـﺎﱃ ﻳ ـ ـﺮﻯ ﰲ ﺍﻵﺧ ـ ـﺮﺓ ﻳ ـ ـﺮﺍﻩ ﺃﻫ ـ ـﻞ ﺍﳉﻨ ـ ـﺔ ﺑﺄﺑ ـ ـﺼﺎﺭﻫﻢ‬ . ‫ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ‬، ‫ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺷﺎﺀ‬ Allah the blessed and Magnificent will be seen in the hereafter by the people of paradise with their eye-sight and they will hear His speech how ever He wills and as He wills.

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‫ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﺛ ـﻮﺍﺏ‬، ‫ ﻭﳘﺎ ﳐﻠﻮﻗﺎﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻔﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﺪﺍ‬، ‫ﻭﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﺣﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺣﻖ‬ . ‫ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻋﻘﺎﺏ ﻷﻫﻞ ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺘﻪ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺣﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‬، ‫ﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺋﻪ‬ And that the Paradise is true and the hellfire is true; and they are both created and will never cease to exist. The Paradise is a reward for those who are close to Allah. And the Hellfire is a recompense for the people who disobey Him except for those upon whom He the Mighty and Majestic - has mercy.

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16

. ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻁ ﺣﻖ‬ And that the Ṣirāṭ (the bridge which stretches over the Hellfire) is true.

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17

‫ ﺗﻮﺯﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻋﻤ ـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺒ ـﺎﺩ ﺣ ـﺴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺳ ـﻴﺌﻬﺎ‬، ‫ ﻟﻪ ﻛﻔﺘﺎﻥ‬. ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺣﻖ‬ . ‫ﺣﻖ‬ And that the Mīzān (scale) is true. It consists of two pans which weigh both the good and bad deeds of the servant and is none other than the truth.

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18

. ‫ﻭﺍﳊﻮﺽ ﺍﳌﻜﺮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﺣﻖ‬ And that the revered Hawḍ which our Prophet was honored with is true.

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19

. ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ ﺣﻖ‬ And the intercession is true.

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20

. ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ ﺣﻖ‬ And the resurrection after death is true.

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21

. ‫ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ ﰲ ﻣﺸﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‬ And the people of the major sins are subject to the will of Allah the Mighty and Majestic.

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22

. ‫ ﻭﻧﻜﻞ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭﻫﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‬، ‫ﻭﻻ ﻧﻜﻔﺮ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ ﺑﺬﻧﻮﺑ ـﻬﻢ‬ And we do not declare anyone from the people of the Qiblah to be a disbeliever by way of their sins alone. We hold that their secrets are left to Allah the Mighty and Majestic.

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23

. ‫ﻭﻧﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﳊﺞ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺩﻫﺮ ﻭﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ And we establish the obligation of Jihād and the Hajj with the Imāms of the Muslims in every era and time.

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24

‫ ﻭﻧ ـﺴﻤﻊ ﻭﻧﻄﻴ ـﻊ‬، ‫ﻭﻻ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ ﻋﻠ ـﻰ ﺍﻷﺋﻤ ـﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﻘﺘ ـﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨ ـﺔ‬ ‫ ﻭﻧﺘﺒ ـﻊ ﺍﻟ ـﺴﻨﺔ‬، ‫ﳌﻦ ﻭﻻﻩ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﺃﻣﺮﻧﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻧ ـﱰﻉ ﻳ ـﺪﺍ ﻣ ـﻦ ﻃﺎﻋ ـﺔ‬ . ‫ ﻭﳒﺘﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺬﻭﺫ ﻭﺍﳋﻼﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬، ‫ﻭﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬ And we do not hold the permissibility of revolt against the Imāms; we listen and we obey whomever Allah has placed into authority over us and we do not raise a single hand in disobedience to him. We follow the Sunnah and the Jamāʿah and abstain from irregularity, disputation, and division.

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‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺑﻌﺚ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻴ ـﻪ ﺍﻟ ـﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟ ـﺴﻼﻡ‬ . ‫ﺇﱃ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻭﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻻ ﻳﺒﻄﻠﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ‬ And that Jihād will continue from Allah the Mighty and Majestic's sending of His Prophet () until the establishment of the hour with those who have been given authority of our affairs from amongst the Imāms of the Muslims and nothing nullifies this.

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26

‫ ﻭﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻗﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻭﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣ ـﻦ ﺃﺋﻤ ـﺔ‬، ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺞ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ . ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ Similarly, the Hajj and the payment of the grazing sheep 1 should be given to those in authority from the Imāms of the Muslims.

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The intended meaning of grazing sheep here is the sheep that are not fed in a stall or food trough as mentioned in Subulus-Salaam the explanation of Bulūgh al-Marām.

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‫ ﻭﻻ ﻧ ـﺪﺭﻱ ﻣ ـﺎ ﻫ ـﻢ ﻋﻨ ـﺪ ﺍﷲ‬، ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺭﻳﺜﻬﻢ‬ . ‫ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‬ And the people are considered believers in their general rulings and laws of inheritance, and we do not know what their status is with Allah.

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28

‫ ﻫ ـﻮ ﻣ ـﺆﻣﻦ ﻋﻨ ـﺪ ﺍﷲ‬: ‫ ﻭﻣ ـﻦ ﻗ ـﺎﻝ‬، ‫ ﺇﻧﻪ ﻣﺆﻣﻦ ﺣﻘ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﺒﺘ ـﺪﻉ‬: ‫ﻓﻤﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ‬ . ‫ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﷲ ﺣﻘ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﺼﻴﺐ‬: ‫ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ‬. ‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺫﺑﲔ‬ So the one who said that he is a true believer then he is an innovator. And the one who said that he is a believer with Allah then he is a liar. And the one who says that “indeed I am a believer in Allah”, then he is correct.

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29

. ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺟﺌﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﻋﺔ ﺿﻼﻝ‬ And the Murjʾiah are astray innovators.

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30

‫ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟ ـﻞ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠ ـﻢ‬. ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﻋﺔ ﺿﻼﻝ‬ . ‫ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻛﺎﻓﺮ‬ And the Qadariyyah are astray innovators. Whoever from amongst them rejects that Allah the Mighty and Majestic knows what will happen before it occurs then he is a disbeliever.

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. ‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﳉﻬﻤﻴﺔ ﻛﻔﺎﺭ‬ And that the Jahmiyyah are disbelievers.

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32

. ‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﻀﺔ ﺭﻓﻀﻮﺍ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ And that the Rāfiḍah have rejected Islam.

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33

. ‫ﻭﺍﳋﻮﺍﺭﺝ ﻣﺮﺍﻕ‬ And the Khawārij are spillers of blood.

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34

‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺯﻋﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﳐﻠﻮﻕ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻛﺎﻓﺮ ﺑﺎﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻔ ـﺮ ﹰﺍ ﻳﻨﻘ ـﻞ ﻋ ـﻦ‬ . ‫ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﻚ ﰲ ﻛﻔﺮﻩ ﳑﻦ ﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻛﺎﻓﺮ‬، ‫ﺍﳌﻠﺔ‬ And whoever claims that the Qurʾān is created then he is a disbeliever in Allah the All-Mighty with the type of disbelief that exits him from the fold of the religion; and whoever has doubts concerning his disbelief from those who understand (this issue) then he is a disbeliever.

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35

‫ ﻻ ﺃﺩﺭﻱ‬: ‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﻚ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟ ـﻞ ﻓﻮﻗ ـﻒ ﺷ ـﺎﻛ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻴ ـﻪ ﻳﻘ ـﻮﻝ‬ . ‫ﳐﻠﻮﻕ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑ ﳐﻠﻮﻕ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺟﻬﻤﻲ‬ And whoever harbors doubts concerning the speech of Allah the Mighty and Majestic and hesitates due to his own doubt saying: “I don't know if it is created or not created?” then this individual is a Jahmī.

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36

. ‫ﺪﻉ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻋ ﱢﻠﻢ ﻭ‬  ‫ﻼ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﻒ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺟﺎﻫ ﹰ‬ And whoever hesitates regarding the Qurʾān due to ignorance then he is to be taught, and he is viewed as an innovator but is not declared a disbeliever.

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37

‫ ﻟﻔﻈﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﳐﻠﻮﻕ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺟﻬﻤﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻲ ﳐﻠﻮﻕ‬: ‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ‬ . ‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﺟﻬﻤﻲ‬ And whoever said: "My utterance of the Qurʾān is created"; then he is a Jahmī. Or "The Qurʾān with my utterance of it is created"; then he is a Jahmī.

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38

‫ ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻉ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻴﻌﺔ ﰲ‬: ‫ ﻭﲰﻌﺖ ﺃﰊ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‬: ‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﳏﻤﺪ‬ . ‫ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻷﺛﺮ‬ Abū Muḥammad said: I heard my father say: and the sign of the people of innovation is their disparagement of the people of narration.

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39

‫ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﺩﻗﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺣﺸﻮﻳﺔ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺇﺑﻄﺎﻝ‬ .‫ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ‬ And the sign of the Zanādiqah (miscreant infidels) is their naming of the people of the Sunnah: Hashawiyyah; they desire with this ascription a nullification of the narrations.

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40

. ‫ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﻬﻤﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻣﺸﺒﻬﺔ‬ And the sign of the Jahmiyyah is their labeling of the people of the Sunnah as Mushabbahah and Nābitatah.

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. ‫ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻷﺛﺮ ﳎﱪﺓ‬ And the sign of the Qadariyyah is their labeling of the people of narration as Mujabbirah.

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42

. ‫ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﺌﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﳐﺎﻟﻔﺔ ﻭﻧﻘﺼﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ And the sign of the Murjʾiah is their labeling of the people of the Sunnah as Mukhālifah and Nuqsāniyyah.

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43

. ‫ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﻀﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻧﺎﺻﺒﺔ‬ And the sign of the Rāfiḍah is their ascription to the people of the Sunnah with Nāṣibah.

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44

‫ﻭﻻ ﻳﻠﺤ ـ ـﻖ ﺃﻫ ـ ـﻞ ﺍﻟ ـ ـﺴﻨﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺍﺳ ـ ـﻢ ﻭﺍﺣ ـ ـﺪ ﻭﻳ ـ ـﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ ﺃﻥ ﲡﻤﻌﻬ ـ ـﻢ ﻫ ـ ـﺬﻩ‬ . ‫ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ‬ And the people of the Sunnah should not be described except with a single name and it is impossible to successfully attribute to them these other names.

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45

‫ ﻭﲰﻌﺖ ﺃﰊ ﻭﺃﺑﺎ ﺯﺭﻋ ـﺔ ﻳ ـﺄﻣﺮﺍﻥ ﺑ ـ ـﻬﺠﺮﺍﻥ ﺃﻫ ـﻞ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﳏﻤﺪ‬- ٣٢٢ ‫ ﻭﻳﻨﻜﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬، ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻉ ﻳﻐﻠﻈﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻠﻴﻆ‬ . ‫ﺑﺮﺃﻱ ﰲ ﻏﲑ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ‬ Abū Muḥammad told us: "I heard my father and Abū Zurʿah order with the abandonment of the people of deviance and innovation and in saying that they displayed harshness and the most serious emphasis. And they both reject the writing of books based solely upon the opinions of its author instead of writing books based upon the compilation and presentation of narrations.

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46

، ‫ﻭﻳﻨ ـ ـﻬﻴﺎﻥ ﻋ ـ ـﻦ ﳎﺎﻟ ـ ـﺴﺔ ﺃﻫ ـ ـﻞ ﺍﻟﻜ ـ ـﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈ ـ ـﺮ ﰲ ﻛﺘ ـ ـﺐ ﺍﳌ ـ ـﺘﻜﻠﻤﲔ‬ “ . ‫ ” ﻻ ﻳﻔﻠﺢ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻛﻼﻡ ﺃﺑﺪ ﹰﺍ‬: ‫ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻻﻥ‬ They also prohibited sitting in the gatherings of philosophers, and looking into their books, and they both say: “The philosophers will never prosper.”

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47

. ‫ ﻭﺑﻪ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ ﺃﻧﺎ‬: ‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﳏﻤﺪ‬ Abū Muḥammad said: “And this is what I say (this is my position).”

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48

. ‫ ﻭﺑﻪ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ‬: ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﻴﺶ ﺍﳌﻘﺮﺉ‬ And Abū 'Alī ibn Ḥabsh al-Maqriʾ: “And with this I speak (this is my position).”

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49

. ‫ ﻭﺑﻪ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ‬: (‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺷﻴﺨﻨﺎ )ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﳌﻈﻔﺮ‬ Our Shaykh Ibn al-Muẓaffar said: “And with this I speak (this is my position).”

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50

. ‫ ﻭﺑﻪ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ‬: ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺷﻴﺨﻨﺎ ﻳﻌﲏ ﺍﳌﺼﻨﻒ‬ And our Shaykh (referring to the author) said: “And with this I speak (this is my position).”

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