Synergy For Growth - Fluidized Bed Bioreactor [epresentation]

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synergyforgrowth fluidized bed bioreactor

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fusion of biology and engineering A bloom. A flower unfolds in vibrancy. Radiating in an infinite myriad of colours and possibilities. It represents the dynamic interaction of biology and engineering in fluidized bed bioreactor.

FUSIONOFBIOLOGYANDENGINEERING Multiphase chemical reactions. A fluid is passed through a granular solid material at high velocities to suspend the solid. Is a combination of the two most common, packed-bed and stirred tank, continuous flow bioreactors. Excellent heat and mass transfer characteristics.

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The solid substrate material in the fluidized bed bioreactor is typically supported by a porous plate.

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The fluid is then forced through the distributor up through the solid material.

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At lower fluid velocities, the solids remain in place. (packed bed bioreactor) Incipient fluidization occur as fluid velocity increased.

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Once this minimum velocity is surpassed, the contents of the bioreactor bed begin to expand and swirl around much like an agitated tank or boiling pot of water. (stirred bioreactor) The bioreactor is now a fluidized bed.

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High velocity observed here. Ideal for highly exothermic reactions because it eliminates local hotspots.

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View the animation of fluidized bed bioreactor: http://www.ansys.com/industries/chemical-process-fluidized-bed-ani.htm

FUSIONOFBIOLOGYANDENGINEERING Fluidized bed bioreactors are a relatively new tool in the chemical engineering field. In this system, care must be taken to avoid the destruction and decomposition of immobilized enzymes. The particle size of immobilized enzymes is an important factor for the formation of a smooth fluidized bed.

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empowering industry and technology Fluidized bed bioreactors are widely used in the chemical industry and are essential to the production of key commodity and specialty chemicals such as petroleum, polymers, and pigments. Fluidized bed bioreactor promising enhanced energy efficiency and clean energy technologies and solutions for industries.

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Fluidized bed bioreactors are also used for catalytic reactions, power production, desulphurization of flue gases, water and waste treatment settings, and calcinations.

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Industrially-produced polymers such as rubber, vinyl chloride, polyethylene, and styrenes are made by using fluidized bed bioreactors . Known for a cleaner, more efficient process than previous standard bioreactor technologies.

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competitive advantage

Fluidized bed bioreactors have received increased attention in the recent years due to their advantages over other types of bioreactors.

COMPETITIVEADVANTAGE Uniform particle mixing • do not experience poor mixing as in packed beds. • allows complete mixing. • operated with smaller size particles without the drawbacks of clogging.

Uniform temperature gradient local hot or cold spots within the reaction bed, often a problem in packed beds, are avoided in a fluidized situation.

Larger surface area …so biological process become more efficient.

COMPETITIVEADVANTAGE Ability to operate bioreactor in continuous state • allows continuous withdrawal of product and allows new reactants into the vessel. • allows manufacturers to produce their various products more efficiently.

Low shear rates fluidized bed bioreactor suitable for shear sensitive cells such as mammalian and plant cells.

Minimal maintenance …compared to other biological treatment system.

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challenges and solution

As in any design, the fluidized bed bioreactor does have it drawbacks, which any bioreactor designer must take into consideration.

CHALLENGESANDSOLUTION Increased bioreactor vessel size and cost • requires larger vessel than a packed bed bioreactor. • this means that the initial capital cost is higher.

Pumping requirement and pressure drop • for the fluid to suspend the solid material, a higher fluid velocity is required in the bioreactor. • this is achieved by increasing the pumping power and thus higher energy costs are needed. • in addition, the pressure drop associated with deep beds also requires additional pumping power.

CHALLENGESANDSOLUTION Limited knowledge and understanding • current understanding of the actual behavior of the materials in a fluidized bed is limited. • difficult to predict and calculate the complex mass and heat flows within the bed.

Erosion of internal components • the fluid-like behavior of the fine solid particles within the bed eventually results in the wear of the bioreactor vessel. • this can require expensive maintenance and upkeep.

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Most current research aims to quantify and explain the behavior of the phase interactions in the bed. The aim of this research is to produce more accurate models of the inner movements and phenomena of the bed. This will enable scientists and engineers to design better, more efficient bioreactors that may effectively deal with the current disadvantages of the technology and expand the range of use.

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