Sug Ans Ch04e

Certificate Biology - New Mastering Basic Concepts

Suggested answers Ch 4

Suggested answers The University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate/Midland Examining Group bears no responsibility for the example answers to questions taken from its past question papers which are contained in the textbooks.

Chapter 4

Diversity of organisms

Reinforce and test your learning (p.101) 1

a b c d e

iii i v ii iv

2

a b c d e f

Single cell, no true nucleus Single cell or multicellular, with true nucleus Single cell or made up of hyphae, have cell wall Bacteria Algae Mushroom

3

B

1m

4

D

1m

5

B

1m

6

C

1m

7

a

c d

X: protein coat 1m Y: genetic materials 1m They do not show all of the seven characteristics of living organisms. 1m They do not have a full cell structure. 1m Bacteria consist of a single cell but viruses do not. 1m ii, iii, iv (2m for all correct answers or no marks)

a

i

b

8

ii

b

i ii

9

a b c

1m x 5 0.5m 0.5m 0.5m 0.5m 0.5m 0.5m

Take some cells and observe with a microscope. 1m If the cells have cell walls, it can be classified as a plant. 1m The characteristic of the skin and the organ for breathing should be observed. 1m If it has gills and wet slimy scales on its body, it should be a fish. 1m If it has lungs, wet, slimy skins and no scales, it should be an amphibian. 1m If it has lungs and skin covered by hard dry scales, it should be a reptile. 1m It does not lay hard-shelled eggs for reproduction. It has no feathers. It has no dry scales on legs. (any 2) 2m It does not breathe with gills but with lungs. It does not lay eggs for reproduction but the young develop inside the mother's body. Females have well-developed mammary glands to feed their young. (any 2) 2m

Mammals Reptiles Gymnosperms

 Oxford University Press 2003

1m 1m 1m Page 1 / 3

Certificate Biology - New Mastering Basic Concepts

d e 10

11

b c d e 12

Fungi Flowering plants

An example is shown below: 1 a with a hard shell b without a hard shell 2 a with wings b without wings 3 a with feathers b without feathers 4 a with leaves b without leaves 5 a with needle-shaped leaves b without needle-shaped leaves a

a b c d e

Suggested answers Ch 4

Breathe with lungs Internal fertilization Eggs developed in shells after fertilization (any 2) Feathers Homoiotherms (any 1) Fish, amphibians, mammals (0.5m for each correct example) Backbone/vertebral column/spine Land

1m 1m crab go to 2 go to 3 go to 4 chicken bee go to 5 jellyfish cypress fern 1m for each correct step

1m x 2 1m 0.5m x 3 0.5m x 3 1m 1m

Non-flowering plants: B, D and E Flowering plants: A and G All organisms, except C, have chlorophyll. Mushroom/yeast/any other fungi The leaves of A have a network of veins but the leaves of G have parallel veins. A has two cotyledons in the seeds but G has only one cotyledon. Seeds Vascular tissue

2m 2m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m

Examination papers Multiple-choice questions (p.103) 1

B

2

A

3

B

4

B

5

C

Structured questions (p.103) 1

a

Animal A is an annelid. Animal B is an insect. Animal C is a mollusc.

 Oxford University Press 2003

1m 1m 1m Page 2 / 3

Certificate Biology - New Mastering Basic Concepts

b c 2

a b

Animal D is an arachnid. A mollusc has no legs. It has a coiled shell. Animal B has wings but Animal D does not.

Suggested answers Ch 4

1m 1m 1m 1m

Mammals: A, F, I and K 0.5m x 4 Animals with feathers: B and J 0.5m x 2 Animals with fins: D, G, L and O 0.5m x 4 This is because these behavioural characteristics may be present in different groups of animals or the same animal at all stages of its life. 1m

 Oxford University Press 2003

Page 3 / 3