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Ira q : Humanitarian Profile - Dec 2008 IDPs by Religion (Oct 2008)

Internally Displaced Persons (Feb 2006 - Sep 2008) Dohuk

TURKEY

Total: 2.8M Before 2006: 1.2M 2006-2007: 1.6M

3%

Kurd Sunni Muslim

112,392

5.7%

Arab Sunni Muslim 31%

3

Erbil

Nineveh

Kirkuk

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

20-50

ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

Diala

Baghdad

55,716

JORDAN

Babil Wasit 77,197

75,457

Kerbala 70,709

Missan

Al-Qadisiya

46,523

25,186

Al-Najaf

47,423

120

Gulf States 200 *

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

Suleimaniya

ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

Salahuddin Diala

Al-Anbar

1

Created by ReliefWeb on 18 Dec 2008 Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - United Nations www.reliefweb.int – [email protected]

has worsened since 2003

”

64% said:

Violence against “women is increasing, one of the reasons being less respect for women’s rights

”

Source: Iraq Body Count5, Women for Women International17

• Civilians account for the majority of casualties and fatalities7. • Since 2003, 94 aid workers have been killed in Iraq (as of 27 Sep 2007); numerous others have been injured or kidnapped6. • Rates of violence down by 75% since mid-2007.13

Kirkuk

100 Km

• Majority of IDPs report direct threats to life, generalized violence and fear as their reasons for fleeing1. • Majority of IDPs rent house, often living in overcrowded conditions in substandard rental property. Evictions are also major concern, as IDPs living in public buildings or on public land are being forced to leave, and many do not have another place to go1.

29

20

120

Baghdad

• Humanitarian access is limited by armed conflict, general insecurity and crime, and restrictions on movement. Humanitarian workers operate cautiously as in many cases, are deliberately targeted by armed groups1. • 70% of IDPs highlight their need for employment, food and adequate shelter, 18% for improved access to water and legal aid1.

40

Full Requirements in Million USD

Nineveh

KUWAIT 0

Ability to walk “freely down the street

Consolidated Appeal 2009 (17 Dec 2008)

Dohuk Erbil

Humanitarian access: % IDPs without assistance

68% said:

TURKEY

Al-Muthanna

75-100 50-75 25-50 0-25

as of Sep 2008, **as of 2007

• Most of the refugees outside Iraq are in Syria and Jordan and are living in urban areas such as Damascus and Amman. Many are running out of money. 11 • Governments in the region are struggling to cope with huge numbers of Iraqis who have strained local resources and infrastructure, including schools and health systems.11

35,509 18,331

66

Iraq Body Count figures reflect documented (not estimated) civilian deaths from violence and exclude combatants. For details: www.iraqbodycount.org/about/

Egypt

Basrah

SAUDI ARABIA

Among 1,500 surveyed women

0

Public Distribution System (as of 1 Mar 2008)

Thi-Qar

57,716

75

Women

Mar ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08

Source: UNHCR9 , *IOM3, **UNHCR10

550,099

Source: IOM , IDP Working Group

57

500

Al-Anbar

3

2,800

*

136,891

50,000

Iraq

Jordan

45,614

200,000

Islamic Republic of Iran

Lebanon

36,000

43,623

Civilians Reported Killed per Day

60

1,500

Suleimaniya

Violence (Mar 2003 - 2008)

80

Syrian Arab Republic

56.6%

Salahuddin

IDPs

Turkey 5

Arab Shia Muslim

Source: IOM4

62,034

106,623

4.7 million Iraqis displaced around the world, including 2.8 million inside Iraq

Europe** 139

Others

3.7%

Source: IDP Working Group , IOM 1

Christian (as ofAssyrian 31 Dec 2007)

Displaced Iraqis, in thousands (as of Sep 2008, est.)

100 80

Kerbala Babil

Missan

Al-Qadisiya Food Insecurity Extremely vulnerable Vulnerable

60

Wasit

40

Thi-Qar

Al-Najaf

547M

Food

for Iraq & the Region

274M

for Iraq Health Shelter and Non-Food Items 2008 2009 Education Protection/Human Rights/Rule of Law Multi-Sector Coordination and Support Services Economic Recovery & Infrastructure

Water & Sanitation Basrah

20

KUWAIT

0

Al-Muthanna

% IDPs with access to PDS without with access access Source: IDP Working Group2, WFP16

SAUDI ARABIA

Mine Action

Source: Financial Tracking System15

• Government set up PDS in 1996, following years of international sanctions to ensure that every citizen receives a monthly food ration16. Around 12 million people rely heavily on PDS14. • Very limited access in Dohuk (7%), Suleimaniya (14%) and Basrah (39%) mainly due to insecurity and delay in transfer of PDS card to new location2.

• 2009 Consolidated Appeal for Iraq and the Region aims to meet immediate humanitarian needs, contribute to stabilisation and speed recovery.13 • The appeal brings unprecedented number of humanitarian organisations together across 12 countries to support Iraqis.13

Ira q : Country Profile declared a republic.

1975 Iraq and Iran sign treaty to end border disputes. 1979 Iraqi Vice-President Saddam Hussein takes power when President Al-Bakr resigns.

1980 Saddam voids 1975 treaty with Iran. Iran-Iraq war begins. UN Security Council (UN SC) repeatedly demands cease-fire, noting heavy loss of civilian lives, violations of humanitarian law, and Iraq’s use of chemical weapons, etc.

1988 Both sides agree to UN-monitored cease-fire. Infrastructure and population centers severely damaged; vast contamination by landmines and UXO.

1 9 9 0 − 1999 1990 Iraq invades Kuwait. UN SC calls for full withdrawal and imposes economic sanctions on Iraq, including trade and oil embargo.

1991 Jan – Iraq ignores UN SC deadline for withdrawal from Kuwait. US-led coalition launches military action against Iraq ("Operation Desert Storm"). Mar – Following retreat from Kuwait, Iraq accepts cease-fire. Economic sanctions remain in place. UN assessment mission foresees humanitarian catastrophe in absence of ‘massive’ assistance. Apr – UN Special Commission (UNSCOM) established to monitor and verify Iraqi compliance with weapons bans laid out in cease-fire. Regular inspections ensue. May – UN Inter-Agency Humanitarian Programme established to assist vulnerable Iraqis; funding 1991–1996 totals $964m. Aug – UN SC proposes limited sale of oil by Iraqi government to finance purchase of food, medicine, and essential goods. Iraq refuses plan.

1995 Under-5 mortality has risen from 29 to 140

deaths per 1000 since 1991. Poor sanitation and water treatment cause serious public health hazards. Agricultural sector is crippled by lack of supplies. FAO reports 4m at serious risk of malnutrition. April – “Oil for Food” drafted to authorize sales of Iraqi oil to purchase humanitarian goods.

1996 May – Iraq accepts Oil for Food proposal. By

displacement, lack of goods and services, and insecurity compound vulnerability of millions. 1998 Dec – UNSCOM withdraws from Iraq. US and UK Mar – Launch of International Compact for Iraq. More commence targeted airstrikes. than $30b pledged to support 5-year plan for peace 1999 Mar – UN human rights rapporteur reports failure and development. of Iraqi government to distribute humanitarian goods, and its historical and ongoing violations of rights. 2008 Dec – UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection 2008 Feb – First Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) Commission (UNMOVIC) established to inherit the for Iraq seeks $265m to meet humanitarian needs over mandate of UNSCOM. Iraq continues to deny access to the coming year. inspectors. Jun – Requirements revised to $274m. 19 Nov – Launch of CAP 2009. 2000 - 2007 28 Nov – Ratification of Status of Forces Agreement 2002 Sep – At UN General Assembly, US President Bush (SOFA) by majority of Iraqi parliament. calls for action against Iraq. Four days later, Iraq agrees to allow unconditional weapons inspections. UK alleges Education Iraq’s weapons of mass destruction capability. 70% of schools One in five primary Nov – Resolution 1441 provides Iraq final opportunity damaged by war school-aged or neglected for compliance with previous resolutions. Weapons children unable to (2006/2007) go to school (2008) inspectors reenter Iraq. US, UK, and Spain present Source: UNESCO8, UNICEF12 deadline to disarm completely by 17 Mar 2003.

2003 17 Mar – UN suspends operations in Iraq and withdraws international staff. Three days later, US-led military action commences. 28 Mar – UN appeals for $2.2b for immediate humanitarian assistance. 9 Apr – US forces advance into Baghdad. May – UN SC recognizes Coalition Authority pending formation of sovereign Iraqi government. UN staff deployed to Iraq to assist humanitarian, political, and reconstruction efforts. 15 Aug – Iraqi Governing Council established. 19 Aug – Bomb attack on UN headquarters in Baghdad kills 22 and injures more than 150. UN evacuates remaining staff. Dec – Saddam Hussein captured by US fvorces in Tikrit.

2004 Jun – Transfer of sovereignty to Interim Government of Iraq. Formation of Independent Electoral Commission.

2005 Jan – Estimated 8m vote in elections for Transitional National Assembly. Oct – Draft Constitution adopted in nationwide referendum. Dec – Iraqis vote for Parliament. Shia-led United Iraqi Alliance emerges as winner, without absolute majority.

2006 Feb – Bomb attack destroys the golden dome of the Shia Muslim Al-Askari Mosque in Samarra. Resulting

Population Population: 30.3 million (2007) Life expectancy (male): 60 years (2005) Source: UNDP18, UN Population Division19

2007 Violence continues to unravel Iraqi society. Vast

Food Public Distribution System Wheat 9kg

Rice 3kg

Pulses 250g

Sugar 2kg

Tea 200g

Veg. oil 1.25kg

Adult milk 250g

Weaning cereals 800g

Soap 250g

Salt 100g SALT

1958 Military coup overthrows monarchy; Iraq

under Oil for Food. Over next 6 years, $31b in humanitarian aid and equipment delivered. Nov – UN SC condemns Iraq’s continued non-compliance with weapons inspection regime.

SUGAR

1932 Iraq becomes independent state.

1997 Mar – Arrival of first humanitarian shipments

outbreak of sectarian violence will have lasting consequences, including massive displacement. Nov – Saddam Hussein found guilty of crimes against humanity. His appeal rejected, he is hanged on 30 Dec.

Detergent 500g

MILK

B e fore 1990

December, pumping of oil begins.

Infant formula 1.8kg

2,200 kcal /pers./day

Food Insecurity Food insecure people

2007 2005

0.93 Million 3.1% 4M

2003

2.6 M

15.4% 3.6 M 11%

Additional food insecure people if PDS discontinued 7.4 M 28.1% 8.3 M 47.2% 26% of Iraqi population

Chronic Malnutrition (stunting)

27.6

15.7

% of households with continuous source of drinking water

Dohuk 40%

100%

Suleimaniya 10% Diala 54%

50 0

Avaibility of drinking water 78% continuous

22% irregular

Source: WFP16

Base map sources: UN Cartographic Section, GAUL. Narrative and statistical references: 1 IDP Working Group. Sep 2008. Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq Update. 2 IDP Working Group. Mar 2008. IDPs in Iraq - Update. 3 IOM. Sep 2008. Unpublished Raw Data. Amman. 4 IOM. 1 Oct 2008. Emergency Needs Assessments - Monthly Report. 5 Iraq Body Count. Sep 2008. Unpublished Raw Data. 6 NCCI. Accessed Oct 2008. NGO Coordination Committee in Iraq Homepage. [http://www.ncciraq.org]. 7 UNAMI. 5 Feb 2007. Humanitarian Briefing on the Crisis in Iraq. 8 UNESCO. 2007. Unpublished Report. Amman. 9 UNHCR. 11 Apr 2008. Iraqi Displacement Map. [http://www.unhcr.org/publ/PUBL/487ef7144.pdf ] 10 UNHCR. Accessed Oct 2008. UNHCR Statistifal Online Population Database. [http://www.who.int/globalatlas/dataQuery/default.asp]. 11 UNHCR. 8 Jan 2008. Press Release: UNHCR Appeals for $261 Million for Iraqi Refugee Programmes in 2008. 12 UNICEF. 12 Feb 2008. Press Release: UNICEF appeals for $37 million to save vulnerable Iraqi children. Amman. 13 UN OCHA. 19 Nov 2008. Consolidated Appeal Process for Iraq and the Region 2009. 14 UN OCHA. 16 Jul 2008. Consolidated Appeal Process for Iraq 2008 Mid-Year Status Update. 15 UN OCHA. Accessed 17 Dec 2008. Financial Tracking Service. [http://ocha.unog.ch/fts2/] 16 WFP. 2008. Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis in Iraq. 17 Women for Women International. Mar 2008. Stronger Women, Stronger Nations: 2008 Iraq Report. 18 UNDP. 2007. Human Development Report 2007/2008. 19 UN Population Division. Accessed Dec 2008. World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision Population Database. [http://esa.un.org/unpp] Disclaimers:

9.1 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Source: WFP16

Water

21.8 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

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