CRACKING SOCIAL NETWORKS A guide to making friends and making money Karen L. Webster October 20, 2008
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Social networking is not a new concept.
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It's incorporation on the web, however, is.
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Social networks are growing at record pace.
Unique Visitors (millions)
Social Networking Growth by Region, Ages 15+ 600
25%
In the U.S., 57% of all web users aged 13+ have used a social networking site Source: The NPD Group, September 2008
500 400 300
23%
200
35%
9%
100
33%
66%
Latin America
Middle East ‐ Africa
0 Worldwide Asia Pacific
Europe
Jun‐07
North America
Jun‐08
Source: comScore, August 2008
Social media will extend from its 489 million users today to over 1 billion users in 2012, 75% of all broadband Internet users. Source: Strategy Analytics, December 2007
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Ning has enabled the creation of 500,000 micro‐ social networks
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And, these sites are not just for kids. U.S. Social Network Penetration & Visits, by Age Average Visits per Month (#) 55+ 45‐54 35‐44 25‐34 18‐24 13‐17
5.7
Penetration, Past 3 Months (%)
27%
8.7
46% 14.2
63%
15.1
73% 21.0
89%
19.7
80% Source: NPD Group, September 2008
A third of MySpace and Facebook users are 25+. Women between the ages of 35 and 50 is the fastest growing social networking segment, especially on MySpace.c
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Boomers have officially invaded their once hallowed halls in social networks.
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Facebook and MySpace are the clear leaders. The MySpace unique audience was over 2x that of Facebook in mid‐2007. Facebook has experienced explosive growth since then, and is now the leading social network site. In the last year, it has averaged adding 200,000 members each day. Global Social Network Growth by Site, Ages 15+ Unique Visitors (millions)
150 125
153% 3%
100 75
100%
50
50%
41%
25
32%
19%
Bebo
Skyrock Network
0
Facebook MySpace
Hi5 Jun‐07
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Friendster Jun‐08
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Orkut
Source: comScore, August 2008
Apps on Facebook keep users "sticky."
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MySpace is now a "social portal."
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A new crop of social networks have emerged that cater exclusively to tweens and teens.
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Successful social networks are incredibly sticky. Social networkers spend 3x more time on social networks than they do on news and media sites. Traffic to these sites accounts for 10% of time spent on the web.
Unique Audience (000) Site
March 2007
March 2008
YOY Growth
Time Spent (hh:mm:ss) March 2007
March 2008
YOY Growth
Overall
80,811
86,687
7%
1:54:48
2:04:13
8%
MySpace
55,937
60,398
8%
2:10:04
2:11:23
1%
Facebook
12,622
24,940
98%
0:54:38
1:08:18
25%
Classmates Online
12,991
13,559
5%
0:11:13
0:09:25
‐16%
Linked In
1,878
7,877
319%
0:09:04
0:11:43
29%
Windows LiveSpaces
9,076
7,852
‐13%
0:08:30
0:05:17
‐38%
Reunion.com
5,217
5,940
14%
0:05:19
0:05:46
8%
AOL Hometown
9,246
5,785
‐37%
0:01:50
0:01:56
5%
Club Penguin
3,482
4,623
33%
0:53:36
0:09:28
‐82%
AOL Connectivity
4,640
3,229
‐30%
1:05:05
0:35:06
‐46%
Buzznet.com
1,822
2,717
49%
0:12:21
0:02:13
‐82%
Source: Nielsen Online, March 2008
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LinkedIn is a result of professional networking.
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These sites fill an important information gap. Extremely or Very Credible
Source Business magazines
62%
Wikipedia
55%
Radio news
53%
Analyst reports
51%
Friends, peers
51%
Newspaper articles
48%
TV news
46%
TV talk shows
45%
Company communications
43%
Online message boards, forums, newsgroups
38%
Company’s Web site
37%
Blogs
29%
YouTube
28%
MySpace, Facebook
23%
Corporate or product advertising
22% Source: Edelman Trust Barometer, 2008
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People visit and spend time on social networks in order to make friends, but also to share and receive information from credible sources. • 59% of social networkers use these outlets to “vent” about customer care experiences • 72% research companies’ customer care online prior to purchasing products and services at least sometimes • 74% choose companies/brands based on others’ customer care experiences shared online • 81% believe blogs, online rating systems, and discussion forums can give consumers a greater voice regarding customer care, but less than a third of these believe that businesses take their opinions seriously Society for New Communications Research, April 2008
Marketing and social networks are converging.
Social Media Tactics Used by Organizations
Social Network Ad Spending, 2006‐2012
Multiplayer Games Social network ad spending (millions)
Music Sharing Other Virtual Worlds
$2,610
$2,360
Total online ad spending (millions)
Instant Messaging Social Bookmarking
$2,085 $1,815
Wikis
$1,430
Newsgroups/Forums
$920
Photo Sharing
$350
Podcasting Social Networks Online Video Blogs
$16,900 $21,100 $25,900 $30,000 $35,000 $41,000 $51,000
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
2006
Source: Paul Gillin, Society for New Communications Research, 2008
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2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source: eMarketer, May 2008
But, questions remain about its effectiveness. Social media as a marketing tool is often difficult to measure and control – particularly with awareness and engagement factors. This makes it a complex, challenging, and often risky marketing tactic to implement. Most Effective Social Media Tactics 1= not at all effectives, 5 = very effective Virtual Worlds Music Sharing Instant Messaging Social Bookmarking Wikis Photo Sharing Podcasting Social Networks Newsgroups/Forums Blogs Online Video ‐
1
2
3
4
5
Source: Paul Gillin, Society for New Communications Research, 2008
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So, “show me the money” (on social networks)! “How do we make money on Facebook? I don’t think we know yet.” –Sheryl Sandburg, COO Facebook, April 2008
Average Advertising Network CPMs for US Websites in Select Industries Q1 2008
$1.20
Q2 2008
Q3 2008
$1.00 $0.80 $0.60 $0.40 $0.20 $0.00 Business / finance
Technology
Gaming
News
Entertainment
Sports
Social networking
Source: PubMatic, October 2008
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MPD’s approach leverages five key drivers. We believe that five major forces will shape the social networking landscape over the next 2‐3 years.
Me‐driven
Cause‐driven
Time‐driven
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Peer‐driven
Trust‐driven
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Me‐driven: The user decides. Social network membership, by design, is an extension of a person’s interests. Various functionalities enable these platforms to be frequently used modes of communication – so it is no surprise that 50% of users visit social networking sites at least once a day.
The idea of reciprocity drives these communities. It is this reciprocity that has contributed to the rise of the leading social networks, creating community on the users terms.
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Me‐driven: The implications for marketers? Making communities is all about the community, and not about you.
Traditional advertising has been all about the advertiser. If you do this in social networks – trying to disguise yourself as a fellow member – you will most certainly be found out. You have to be invited in. It is harder and it is different, but in the end, you’ll be more successful. 10/15/2009
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Peer‐driven: The influence of friends and family. Relationships that users form through social networks keeps them sticky. Peer‐engagement, even those connections with several degrees of separation, are stronger than connections with advertisers. Advertising Types Trusted by Internet Users Recommendations from consumers
78%
Newspapers Consumer opinions posted online
63% 61%
Brand websites
60%
TV
56%
Magazines Radio
56%
Brand sponsorships
54% 49%
E‐mail signed‐up for
49%
Ads before movies Search engine ads Online banner ads Text ads on mobile phones
38% 34% 26% 18% % of Respondents (Global) Source: The Nielsen Company, October 2007
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Peer‐driven: The implications for marketers?
Connections with peers, even those with several degrees of separation, are stronger than connections with advertisers.
Knowing who has the influence in social networks is critical. Otherwise, you are likely to find that efforts to engage the community will be as effective as mass mailings, with the added risk of a bad viral reaction.
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Trust‐driven: The fuel of social networks. “A person like me” is considered the most credible source of information about a product or company. Social media platforms make those referrals not only easily available, but richer and more robust.
% Who Believe Sources are Credible Sources, Ages 35‐64 Blogger
14%
Entertainer/athlete
15% 39%
Regular employee
58%
A Person Like Me Govt official CEO
Peer‐to‐peer
49%
Non‐profit rep 32% 36%
Doctor
55%
Academic
56%
Financial/industry analyst
57%
Top‐Down
Source: Edelman Trust Barometer, 2008
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Trust‐driven: The implications for marketers? Social networks can be an efficient way to reduce customer acquisition costs and to create a loyal group of evangelists.
Commercial relationships will not get you very far, but forging a trusted relationship with each member will. 10/15/2009
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However, the viral nature of the network can befriend or bedevil you.
Time‐driven: Visiting sites that are relevant. Employees in the U.S. are working more hours than ever before. Over three‐quarters suggest that they don’t believe companies tell the truth in ads. It’s not hard to fathom why people seek out social networks for advice and information.
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Time‐driven: The implications for marketers? Competing for time and attention means changing your approach. The age of marketing that pushes down to consumers based on what marketers think consumers want is nearing its end. Consumers now have the power and technology to become publishers themselves.
Creating the perfect blend of value‐added, on demand services means defining the community you want to reach, and building those services to it with discipline 10/15/2009
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Cause‐driven: Sharing and engaging members.
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Cause‐driven: The implications for marketers? Getting the community interested in you begins by showing interest in what the community cares about.
But the interest needs to be genuine and credible. Consumers are smart enough to sniff out a commercial pitch disguised as a cause‐ oriented campaign faster than you can say “bad PR.”
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How are these vast networks being monetized?
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Thank you, Google & Microsoft! Google’s deal with NewsCorporation for advertising inventory on MySpace was for $900 million.
Microsoft had a similar deal with Facebook, which resulted in millions of dollars in advertising inventory (not to mention the $241 million cash infusion last year).
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MySpace's MyAds are based on the cost per click revenue model.
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Engagement advertising tactics work to interact with the social networker, within his network.
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A variety of revenue strategies are emerging. The Vanity Play
Users pay one Euro to move their profiles up in the site’s search rankings. Pay often enough and can be featured on the Badoo home page.
Product Placement
Bebo has had some moderate success by featuring products, like Toyota cars, in the story lines of their online video dramas.
Subscription Fees
Charges members a subscription fee of six Euros . More than 500,000 members pay this.
“Influence Tracking”
Patent pending technology that ranks the most influential people in social networks. Could allow companies to intimately enhance their marketing techniques.
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Other streams are based on trust and sharing.
Gifting
• A promising revenue streams for Facebook is “Gifts.” For $1, a user can send a “gift” (aka icon for display on the page). More than $24 million in gifts were sent in 2007.
Social shopping
• Merchants whose products are featured on users’ pages share transaction fees with social networks when users buy.
Sponsored stories
• Sponsored stories which can be shared with friends who are part of their social network.
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Visa: Building trust via a business network. • Access to a branded section designed for small businesses with a resource center, a business finder, and a messaging center • The first 20,000 U.S. based small businesses to sign up received a $100 ad credit • Facebook is banking on the ad credit as the “foot in the door” to increasing small business advertising
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FreeCause: Leveraging the power and passion of people in a network.
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You may be asking, “So what?” • Social networks are an efficient
channel that can reduce customer acquisition costs and create evangelists, virally. • These ecosystems aren’t yours to control — they are already vibrant communities. • The key to accessing these networks successfully means reshaping your thinking and approach. • It’s imperative that you be willing to cede control in return for credibility and authenticity.
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A few key topics already on the horizon… Make vs. buy User‐ generated content
Mobile social networks 10/15/2009
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Accessing social networks requires an acute understanding of what drives them. Reaching communities successfully means making your pitch all about the individual, and not about you.
Me‐driven Getting the community interested in you begins by showing interest in what the community cares about.
Cause‐driven
Competing for time and attention means changing the communication method and message – the emergence of niche networks.
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Time‐driven
Peer‐driven
Trust‐driven
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Connections with peers, even those with several degrees of separation, are stronger than connections with advertisers.
Commercial relationships will not get you very far, but forging a trusted relationship with each member will.
Thank you!
KAREN L. WEBSTER
[email protected]
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