Soal&pembahasan#1

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DEPARTEMEN PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL PROGRAM EKSTENSI JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN FTI-ITS

JAWABAN UAS GENAP 2007/2008 Mata Kuliah

Dosen

ELEMEN MESIN II

Achmad Syaifudin, ST

Problem Description: A cone clutch has an average diameter of 10 in, an α = 8 deg, a coefficient of friction of 0.3. and an actuating force of 850 lb is applied. Given:

α = 8 deg

Cone clutch, dave = 10 in 1

f = 0.3

Fa = 850 lb

Find: The torque that the clutch can transmit (assumption uniform pressure) Solution:

Fa 850 lb = = 1948.4 lb ( sin α + f cos α ) sin 8 + 0.3 cos 8 Asumsi uniform wear Î d 10 T = fFn ave = 0.3 × 1948.4 × = 2922.61lb ⋅ in 2 2 Fn =

Deskripsi Masalah: Sepasang kopling flens rigid menghubungkan dua poros AISI 1040 cold-drawn dengan diameter 5 in. Kopling tersebut diikat beberapa buah baut dengan lingkaran baut berdiameter 12 in. Setiap kopling dipasak pada poros dengan pasak jenis AISI 1118 cold-drawn square key. Direncanakan kopling dibuat dari material kelas 60.000 annealed cast carbon steel sedangkan baut dari AISI 1030 cold-drawn steel dimana angka keamanan untuk semua elemen 2,5. Diketahui: Angka keamanan semua elemen = 2.5

( : AISI 1030 CD (S : AISI 1118 CD (S

) Baut (Tabel A - 2) = 76 ksi ) Pasak (Tabel A - 2) = 75 ksi ) , type square Kopling: 60.000 annealed cast carbon steel (S (Tabel A - 1) = 35 ksi ) , dp Poros : AISI 1040 CD S yp (Tabel A - 2) = 88 ksi , d p = 5 in yp yp

yp

bolt

= 12 in, type rigid kopling flens

Ditanyakan: Tentukan dimensi: a. Diameter baut minimum bila baut mengikat pada kopling b. Panjang pasak minimum c. Tebal minimum web kopling Solusi:

Torsi maksimum yang bekerja sepanjang poros:

2

S yp 2N

=

32T p

πd 3p

sehingga T =

Gaya tangensial pada baut:

Ft (b ) = T rb = 215.875 6 = 35.979 kip

Gaya tangensial pada pasak:

Ft ( p ) = T rp = 215.875 2.5 = 86.35 kip

π × 53 × 88 64 × 2.5

= 215.875 kip ⋅ in

Gaya tangensial pada web: standar ukuran diameter web (gambar 7-17.d) d w = 1.75d p + 0.25 in = 9 in Ft ( w ) = T rw = 215.875 4.5 = 47.972 kip a. Diameter baut minimum, baut mengikat pada kopling Î dominan tegangan geser pada baut. S syp Ft (b ) = dimana Ab = πrb2 ; n = 0.5d p + 3 ≈ 6 N Ab n 2 Ft (b ) N 2 × 35.979 × 2.5 rb2 = = = 0.1256 in 2 ⇒ rb = 0.35 in ; d b = 0.7 in nS ypπ 6 × 76 × 3.14 Jadi diameter baut yang digunakan 0.7 in b. Panjang pasak minimum, tabel 7-6 W = H = 1.25 in (untuk d p = 5 in) - Tinjauan tegangan geser:

S syp N

- Tinjauan tegangan kompresi:

=

S yp N

Ft ( p ) Ap (s )

=

; A p (s ) = WL Î L =

Ft ( p ) A p (c )

; A p (c ) =

Ft ( p ) N 0.58S ypW

=

86.35 × 2.5 = 3.97 in 0.58 × 75 × 1.25

2 Ft ( p ) N 2 × 86.35 × 2.5 W L Î L= = = 4.6 in 2 S ypW 75 × 1.25

Menurut perhitungan tersebut panjang pasak minimum adalah 4.6 in. Namun ada ketentuan lain bahwa panjang pasak minimum dianjurkan 1.25 kali diameter poros untuk mengurangi rocking force maka panjang pasak minimum 6.25 in. Jadi dipilih panjang pasak 6.25 in c. Tebal minimum web kopling, S syp Ft (w ) 2 Ft (w ) N 2 × 47.972 × 2.5 = dimana Aw = πd w t w Î t w = = = 0.2425 in N Aw πS yp d w π × 35 × 9 Jadi dipilih tebal web 0.25 in