Skinhead

All of the nations have the special consciousness and the way to express it. Modern racism is one of its varieties, has special personal touches, which in the context are composed in a whole world view and effective ideology. There is a time of political and diplomatic etiquette and racial equivalent, where racism considers as a breach of human rights. It is became a taboo, violating which means public ostracism. “Racism result from the transformation of race prejudice and ethnocentrism through the exercise of power against a racial group defined as inferior, by individuals and institutions with the intentional or unintentional support of the entire” (Jones 172). Racism today is not a global discrimination, but in some groups we still can meet blazes of racism. The dissociation groups from each other, is definitely not superiority one and inferiority other. However hostility and sometimes fear of the foreigners, xenophobia, ideological motions, repression, limitations of rights directed against some group of population and even acts of terrorism all of those are presents modern racism. It takes the roots from the very important and basic human demand in collective solidarity. Community allows man feels accessory to collecting ideology and significance. Fear of isolation from the community and relative weakness of moral principles easily makes person to agree with majority opinion. “The group of individuals, who came together as a part of collective identity, act not simply as individuals but as historic and social human beings” (Bowser 286). Racism was always an effective tool in politic. This is stimulated by ideological basis of national competition between nations. Racial prejudices and stereotypes begin with generalization types of people and from one race or ethnic group. Those stereotypes were always used and in political aims. The instigators use terms general enemy and pressing on patriotism. This is one of a concept of political strategy and people always marionettes in government`s hands.

One perfectly planed political movement, that united millions of people to reach the aim to be an Aryan race, was Nazism. It is was not a new ideology and took most of those concepts from “anti-Semitism, racial theories, and eugenics and course of racist social Darwinist notion” (Lang 68). Hitler was a great orator and thru propaganda and fear convert people into this ideology. Nazi ideology is a spirit of implicit obedience to leader, hatred to the minorities, desire of conquest and domination, glorifying German race - had an enormous emotional attractiveness people (Knowles 25). Those factors converted them into the ardent adherents of Nazism and fighters for the collective idea. In Germany now Nazism lost its power and not considers as a proud memory. There is rare occasion when you will see someone, who cares portrait of Hitler, or who stitches emblem with swastika to the sleeve, or vandalizes the Jewish cemeteries. Ironically you may meet it in Russia. One backwash of old ideological institutions that destabilize modern society is a youth groups, such as Skinheads. The same images with the shaven heads, identical black jeans and camouflage jackets and army boots, chose skinheads for their identity. Russia now falls under skinhead`s terror. After the crash of Soviet Union Russian people felt lost in terms of political, social and ethnic identity. After many years of tyranny politic people get freedom for selfexpression and national identity, but they did not know how to use it properly. In soviet society, man was a citizen of one of soviet republic, there was no questions about nationality. The anti Caucasian and Islamic racist politic had a destructive influence on the world view of people. First skinheads appeared in England in 60th years and have had nothing common with modern skinheads groups who consider as hooligan, racist and vandal. Skinheads were subculture of working class in Britain that organized youth groups to protest against an official bourgeoisie and against a cont culture of 60th (Brown 2). Skinhead despised the betrayers of their class. At the end of 70th neo fascists activated in the Great Britain. National front and politic changes “produced a crisis of identity in the skinhead

scene” (Brown 2). Skinheads arranged streets processions and attacked Asians, Africans, any one who was not white. In Russia skinheads appeared at the beginning of 90th. These first skins were the product of juvenile application imitated of western standards. On the rapid growth skinheads in Russia influenced shooting of parliament and period of constabulary terror reigned on streets that obviously had racist character. Thousands of people mainly with an not Slavic look were arrested, robbed and deported from Russia. Two factors created a base for hasty growth and claim skinheads in Russia: economic crisis and disintegration of education system. During the last decades of reforms a new generation had been grown cruel and brutal. For this generation character a complete break is with traditions, moral values and social norms. All of this was accompanied by catastrophic growth of juvenile crimes, drugs addiction, alcoholism, prostitution. In this sphere creates huge amount of microscopic youth bands which grew often into the bands of skinheads and each band is aimed against strangers. Skinheads in Russia are a result of national and social changes. “Our struggles against racism are like our struggles against sin- racism will be with us for as long as we are human alive” (Snowden 1). Racism did not disappear thru history it lead every nation and every person, but in different proportions. Anti racial politic is needsto be more provided in order to serve peaceful relationship between nations. Works cited Brown, Timothy S. Subcultures, Pop Music and Politics: Skinheads and “Nazi Rock” in England

and Germany, Journal of Social History, 2004, Volume 38, Nr. 1 Knowles Carline. Race and social analysis. London. Sage publications. 2003 Browser, Benjamin P. Racism and anti racism in world perspective. Thousand Oaks, Calofornia. Sage publications 1995 Jones, J. Prejudice and racism. MA, Addison- Wesley. 1972 Ofer, Dalia. Nazi Anti-Semitism and “Science of Race”.. Oxford Rowman &Littlefield Publisher Inc. Edited by Berel Lang 2000