Siemen Power

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology O. Kreyenberg, H. Schütz, H. Friede

Oct. 21, 2004

Siemens PG

"Energy Efficiency in IPPC-installations" 21 and 22 October 2004 Vienna Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Power Generation Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

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Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Agenda

Market Drivers Drivers Market Reference Power Power Plant Plant Product Product Overview Overview Reference Steam Power Power Plant Plant -- Steam Combined Cycle Cycle Power Power Plant Plant -- Combined Reference Power Power Plant Plant Design Design Philosophy Philosophy Reference Design Targets Targets Design References References Oct. 21, 2004

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

Power Generation

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Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Reference Power Plant Product Overview Oct. 21, 2004

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

Power Generation

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Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Our Reference Power Plants are Focused on International Main Market Demand for IPP’s Varioplant 300 300- 450 MW 700 500- 750 MW 900 800- 1000 MW Coal/Oil

Customized... Customized...

of ofthe theshelf... shelf...

Components, Components,Islands Islands and andTurnkey Turnkey Gas/Oil

-Shaft

100, 290, 400 MW 100, 270, 365 MW

50 Hz

60 Hz Oct. 21, 2004

Gas/Oil Multi-Shaft 60 Hz

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

200, 580, 80 200, 540, 730 MW 50 Hz

Power Generation

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Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Evolution of Combined Cycle Power Plant Efficiency

Steam cycle Single pressure 60

Dual pressure

Net efficiency (%)

58 56 54 52 50 48 46

960°C — 50 bar 460°C 1983/84

1000°C — 60 bar 485°C

1987/88

1050°C — 75 bar 510°C

1120°C — 80 bar 520°C

Tripple pressure with reheat 1160°C — 100 bar 520°C

1190°C 200°C 110 bar 540°C

1230°C 130°C 110 bar 550°C

1250°C 1230°C 200°C 130°C 160 bar 125 bar 580°C 565°C

Turbine inlet temp. (ISO) Fuel preheating Life steam pressure Life steam temperature

Fuel gas firing ISO ambient conditions (15°C, 1013 mbar, 60% rel. humidity) Condenser back pressure 0.04 bar 1990/91

1992/93

1994/95

1996/97

1998/99 2001 2005/06 Year of commissioning

Source: Siemens Gas Turbines

Oct. 21, 2004

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

Power Generation

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Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Economical Evaluation Factors Evaluation Factors (price related)

(at 12%targeted Internal Rate of Return for additional investment)

Power Output

0.55 0‘6 mill mill€€/ /MW MW 0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

0

4

6

8

10

1.0

Efficiency

7.1 9‘8millmill € /€%-point / %-point 12

Lead Time

2.5 0‘9 millmill € /€month / month 0

0.5

1

1,5

0

1

2

3

2

Availability

2.7 2‘6 millmill € /€%-point / %-point 4

Boundary Conditions Power Output

397 MW

Lead Time

Efficiency

57.00 %

Overall Project Costs

Load Regime Electricity Price Fuel Price Oct. 21, 2004

Base Load (7000hr/a)

Debt/ equity ratio

37 € / MWh (escalation 1%/a)

Income Tax

(escalation 1%/a)

Operating Period

3.9 € / GJ

24 ⇒ 22 months 185 mill € 70 / 30 35 % 20 years

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

Power Generation

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Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Power Output, Efficiency, NOx-Emission and Cooling Air Demand versus Combustion Temperature

Exhaust gas 102%

Gas turbine Tcomb. Fuel

2% Combustion air 80%

Air intake

Boundary Boundaryconditions: conditions: The same technology The same technologyfor for blade bladecooling, cooling,combustion combustion chamber chambercooling coolingand and burner. burner.

NOX

Heat recovery steam generator

Combustion chamber

NOX

100%

Electricity Cooling air 20%

Generator TCool.-air

η

Steam turbine

Circulating water

Electricity Condenser

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

GUD

TIT

Generator 1570°C

Oct. 21, 2004

. mKL

1700°C

TCombustion

Power Generation

7

Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Efficiency Improvements due to Increasing the Number of Pressure Stages

Temperature curves in a heat recovery steam generator

Temperature [°C]

1-pressure process

600

2-pressure process

500

3-pressure process

Efficiency increase ∆ η net [%-points] 125 bar/565 °C 28 bar/565 °C 4 bar/235 °C

3 125 bar/565 °C 29 bar/320 °C 5 bar/200 °C

Exhaust gas

400

2

80 bar/540 °C 5 bar/210 °C

300

2.8

100 0

Oct. 21, 2004

2.1

1

200

1.6 65 bar/540 °C

Transfered heat

0

54.1% 1-pressure

2-pressure

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

3-pressure without reheat

3-pressure with reheat

Power Generation

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Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Quick Start up Increases Plant Utilisation Factor... GT at full load/ Bypass System closed

Start-up after 8h Shut-down 400

Plant Load [MW]

350

Plant Plantstart-up start-upwith with improved improvedequipment equipment

Typical Typicalplant plantstart-up start-up

300 250 200 150 100 50 0

Oct. 21, 2004

≈ 40 min

≈ 90 min

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

Time Power Generation

9

Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Limiting Values for Flue Gas Emissions

Oct. 21, 2004

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

Power Generation 10 Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Relationship between turbine inlet temperature and NOx emissions

2,5

2,0

NOx*

1,5

1,0

0,5

0,0 1220

1230

1240

1250

1260

1270

1280

1290

1300

1310

Temperatur in °C

A temperature increase by 70K doubles the NOx- emissions !

Oct. 21, 2004

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

Power Generation 11 Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

One the way to the Technical leadership

now

tomorrow

Efficiency

58%*

> 59%

TIT**

1230°C

1290°C

NOx

25 ppm

9 – 15 ppm

* depending on cooling conditions ** turbine inlet temperature Details on additional measures will be presented at a VDI Symposium in Leverkusen 23./24. November 2004 Oct. 21, 2004

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

Power Generation 12 Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Mainz-Wiesbaden, Germany Combined Cycle Power Plant V94.3A with Steam Extraction

Mainz Mainz- -Wiesbaden Wiesbaden(Germany) (Germany) Concept: Multi Shaft 1+1 Concept: Multi Shaft 1+1V94.3A V94.3A Output (nat. gas, site) : 1 x 400 Output (nat. gas, site) : 1 x 400 MW MW Efficiency (nat. gas, site): >58,4 %* Efficiency (nat. gas, site): >58,4 %* COD: July COD: July2001 2001 Fuels: Natural Gas (Fuel oil Back up) Fuels: Natural Gas (Fuel oil Back up) Contract: Contract:EPC EPCTK TKplus plus10 10y.y.S&M S&M Oct. 21, 2004

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

Power Generation 13 Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG

Pulau Seraya, Singapore: 2 CC 1S.V94.3A The Most Efficient Plant in SEA

Pulau PulauSeraya Seraya(Singapore) (Singapore) Concept: Concept:Single SingleShaft Shaft1S.V94.3A 1S.V94.3A Output (nat. gas, site) : 2x Output (nat. gas, site) : 2x367 367MW MW Efficiency (nat. gas, site): >57.2 Efficiency (nat. gas, site): >57.2% % COD: November 2002 COD: November 2002 Fuels: Fuels:Natural NaturalGas Gas(Fuel (Fueloil oilBack Backup) up) Contract: EPC TK plus 10 y. S&M Contract: EPC TK plus 10 y. S&M

Oct. 21, 2004

Modern Combined Cycle Power Plants – Improvement of a high efficient and clean technology

Power Generation 14 Authors: Schütz, Kreyenberg, Friede SPG