Schizophrenia

SHI ZO PHR EN IA-

AL TERA TI ONs O F TH OUGHT

And other Personality Disorders

Types of Delusion Jealousy – irrational Persecution - threat Erotomanic –very ambitious Grandiose – pretending to be rich but actually not  Somatic- part of his body that is altered (natunaw ang paa ko eh)    

On set o f sc hizo phrenia    

male 15-25 yrs old Females – 25-35 yrs old Females > males Why females? – strong feelings, emotions...scientific reason – progesterone level –slows down the dopamine---dopamine –neurotransmitter loss in Alzheimer

 Alteration of dopamine will lead to schizophrenia  Narcissistic, histrionic younger than 25 yrs old

Causes of schizophrenia A. Biological perspective 1. hereditary – i.e . mongoloidism –alteration in chromosome 21 (+)mother (-) father = 20 % of acquiring schizo. Neurotransmitter – dopamine for shizophrenia Virus – while pregnancy, affects the neural tube while infant is developing

Ri sk f actors  Double bind communication – friends Accepted THEIR FRIEND AS A GAY , BUT outside the house, they will call him ,” huy bading!!! “  Schizophrenigenic parents  Environmental factors – i.e. single parents  Organic cause –i.e. brain damage, virus  Vitamin deficiency - B complex

Typ es of Sc hizo  1. Paranoid - 2 or more signs of JPEGS = paranoid (see page 1)  2. Disorganized / hebephrenic- disorganized speech, mummbling while talking, brief in their heads  3. Catatonia – purposeless activity i.e. lakad ng lakad, walis ng walis then kinalat ulit, extreme  negativism,waxy flexibility (odd posturing i.e. BP flex elbow,after BP, remain in that  position, echopraxia )  4. Undifferentiated- presence of each type – history of schizo, prolonged signs of hallucinations and illusions but can handle

Sig ns a nd sx o f sc hizo

 Positive signs (hard sx) – inc. Dopamine at mesocortical area resp for emotions and urges ; responsible for:  1. (+) facial grimacing  2. HALLUCINATION  3. Ambivalence – presence of two opposite feelings, namatay ang dyowa,,,,i.e. talaga, hahahha  4. Perseveration – repetition of words 5. Flight of ideas –jumping from one idea to another  6. Associative of looseness –joining of two ideas into one  7. Delusion  8. Echolalia/echopraxia

 HALLUCINATION – NEGATIVE STIMULUS  ILLUSION – POSISITVE STIMULUS  DELUSION - False belief

NEGAT IVE SIGNSdecrease dopami ne Blunted affect Alogia - tends to speak very little catatonia lack of volition /avolition – lack of goal /aim  Anhedonia –lack of pleasure  FLAt affect –    

Nu rsin g m anageme nt  NPI - hallucination/illusion/  call the attention of the client,present reality  Divert attention  Struggling - hands at the sides not croSsing the arm nor other position  Millieu therapy

Psyc hopharma    

Antipsychotic –tranquilizers Conventional Secondary novel

Co nventional        

Chlorpuphenazine Perphenazine Loxapine Molindone fluphenazine tHiotixene tri fluphenazine mesordazine

Se condary      

Clozapine Risperidone Ziprasidone Aripiprazole Quetiapine Olanzapine

No vel  Aripriprazole