Sc F1 - Answers

ANSWERS Chapter 1

Introducing Science

Paper 1 1 B 11 B 21 D 1

2 B 12 A 22 B

3 C 13 A 23 D

4 D 14 C 24 B

5 A 15 B 25 A

6 B 16 C

7 C 17 D

8 A 18 A

9 A 19 B

10 C 20 C

(a) (i) Evaporating dish (ii) Burette (iii) Bunsen burner (b) Vernier calipers and a ruler/External calipers and a ruler (c) (i) Repeat the reading two or three times (ii) Take the measurement at two or three places along the glass tube (iii) Avoid parallax errors by ensuring that your eyes are directly above the scale when reading the measurement

2

(a) Nitric acid (b) A spatula (c) To prevent the acid spilling on and destroying the label (d) Collecting data (e) Analysing and interpreting data

3

(a) To determine the volume of the lump of wax (b) The water displacement method (c) To ensure that the wax sinks in the water (d) No, because the object to be measured must be fully submerged in the water (e) (i) By placing it behind the measuring cylinder when taking a reading (ii) The scale can be clearly seen when the paper is placed behind the measuring cylinder (f) The plasticine is denser than water, but the wax is less dense than water.

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4

(a) (i) The mass of the pendulum bob (ii) The length of the pendulum (iii) The time taken for one complete oscillation (b) It is a uniformly repeating event (c) Potential energy

Variable that is manipulated

(d)

(e) Seconds

(g) The longer the length of the pendulum, the longer the time taken for one complete oscillation Chapter 2

Cell as a Basic Unit of Life

Variable that responds

Paper 1 1 B 11 C 1

2 C 12 D

3 C 13 D

4 C 14 C

5 A 15 D

6 B

7 D

8 A

9 C

10 C

(a)

(b) (i) To maintain the shape of the cell (ii) To enable substances to move in and out of the cell (iii) To control all cell activities (c) (i) A plant cell has a cell wall, an animal cell does not (ii) A plant cell has chloroplast, an animal cell does not (iii) A plant cell has vacuoles, most animal cells do not

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2

(a) (i) nerve cell (ii) red blood cells (iii) sperm cell (iv) white blood cell (b)

M and O are both found in the blood

(c) (i) M does not have a nucleus, O has a nucleus (ii) M carries oxygen to body cells, O helps to protect the body from infections and diseases (d) Nerve tissues (e) Brain or spinal cord (f) (i) The nervous system (ii) Receives external stimuli and reacts to the stimuli (g) Human beings have cell specialisation than enables us to carry out life processes efficiently and do several complex tasks at the same time Chapter 3

Matter

Paper 1 1 C 11 A

2 B 12 C

3 C 13 C

4 C 14 C

5 A 15 C

6 B

7 B

8 B

9 D

10 B

Paper 2 1

(a) Condensation (b) No, Azman is not right. The water in the dish is condensed water vapour from the air. (c) Make ice cubes from a coloured liquid. Then fill the glass with the coloured ice cubes. The water collected will be colourless. (d) No, the liquid drops are the byproducts formed from the respiration of the vegetable (plants).

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2

(a) Sublimation of iodine crystals takes place faster if iodine is heated (b) (i) The amount of iodine crystals (ii) Whether the iodine is heated or not (iii) The rate of sublimation (c) Sublimation (d) (i) Solid iodine (ii) Sublimation (e) (i) Dry ice (ii) Naphthalene (f) (i) Solid dry ice is used to prevent ice cream from melting (ii) Naphthalene is used as moth balls to keep insects away from clothing

Chapter 4

The Variety of Resources on Earth

Paper 1 1 A 11 B 1

2 B 12 D

3 B 13 D

4 A 14 A

5 D 15 D

6 C

7 D

8 A

9 C

10 A

(a) (i) Metals conduct electricity but non-metals do not (ii) Metals are malleable but non-metals are not (iii) Metals have shiny surfaces, non-metals usually have dull surfaces (iv) Metals have high melting points but non-metals have low melting ponts (b) (i) Metals : copper, zinc, mercury, sodium (ii) Non-metals : carbon, silicon, sulphur, naphthalene

2

(a) (i) Two separate layers are seen (ii) One uniform layer is seen because the water and methanol mixed together completely (b) (i) The volume of water (ii) The other liquid to make a mixture (either oil or methanol) (c) (i) X (ii) Y

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(d) (i) The mixture in beaker X was successfully separated by the separating funnel because both liquids did not mix but formed two separate layers (different densities) (ii) The mixture in beaker Y was successfully separated by fractional distillation because each constituent has a different boiling point although both liquids were able to mix together (e) 100oC Chapter 5

The Air Around Us

Paper 1 1 A 11 C 21 B

2 C 12 D 22 D

3 D 13 C 23 A

4 B 14 C 24 C

5 D 15 D 25 D

6 B 16 B

7 C 17 D

8 B 18 A

9 A 19 C

10 A 20 A

Paper 2 1

(a) The candles are burning (b) Oxygen (c) (i) Carbon dioxide (ii) Carbon dioxide does not support burning (c) A candle burns longer if oxygen is available

2

(a) (i) Respiration (ii) Oxygen (iii) Oxygen + food

→ carbon dioxide + water vapour + energy

(b) (i) Respiration and photosynthesis (ii) Oxygen is used in respiration and carbon dioxide is used in photosyntheis (c) (i) To test for oxygen, place a glowing wooden splint near the oxygen. The glowing wooden splint will ignite. (ii) To test for carbon dioxide, pass the gas through a test tube of lime water. The lime water will turn cloudy.

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3

(a) To determine the amount of dust present in the air at different locations in a school (b) (i) The duration of the experiment (ii) The exposed area of the cellophane tape (c) (i) The location where the apparatus was placed (ii) The amount of dust collected (d) (i) A lot (ii) A little (iii) A little (e) The main entrance of a school is the location that has the most dust collected. This is because there are many vehicles, students and teachers in this area. The laboratory and school field have less dust because there are no vehicles in these locations. (f) The amount of dust in the air varies from one place to another. It is not a fixed amount. Therefore, air is a mixture. (g) We may develop respiratory diseases or have difficulty in breathing if there is too much dust in the air.

4

(a) (i) The number of fish, the size of the fish tank (ii) The absence or presence of an air pump or water weeds (iii) The condition of the fish after one week (b) (i) The fish are alive (ii) The fish are alive (c) The fish in both tanks received sufficient oxygen supply (d) The air pump supplied oxygen. The green water weeds also supplied oxygen when the oxygen was released during photosynthesis. (e) (i) The fish would be dead. (ii) The water weeds did not receive sunlight and were unable to carry out photosynthesis. There was not enough oxygen in the water for both the fish and weeds. (f) Oxygen is necessary for respiration

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Chapter 6

Sources of Energy

Paper 1 1 B 11 A

2 D 12 B

3 C 13 A

4 C 14 D

5 B 15 A

6 D

7 B

8 D

9 D

10 C

Paper 2 1

(a) The Sun heats up the air. Hot air rises and cooler air descends. This causes wind. (b) (i) Renewable energy (ii) Non-renewable energy (c) (i) Renewable energy : Solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy (ii) Non-renewable energy : Nuclear energy, petroleum, coal

2

(a) (i)

(ii)

(b) (i) Potential energy to kinetic energy (ii) Potential energy to kinetic energy (c) Less than 2.5 seconds (d) No (e) There would be less than 50 J of energy as some of this energy would be lost as heat and sound (f) Energy can be converted from one form to another. Some energy is lost as heat energy during the conversion of energy

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Chapter 7

Heat

Paper 1 1 B 11 A 21 C

2 C 12 C 22 C

3 D 13 D 23 A

4 A 14 B 24 B

5 B 15 D 25 C

6 C 16 C

7 C 17 A

8 A 18 D

9 D 19 B

10 C 20 C

Paper 2 1

(a) An object that allows heat to flow through (b) An object that does not allow heat to flow through (c) Heat conductors : wire gauze, steel ladle, mercury Heat insulators : marble, kettle handle, rainwater

2

(a) (i)

(ii)

(iii)

(b) (i) Sublimation (ii) Melting (iii) Boiling or evaporation (iv) Condensation (v) Sublimation (c) (i) Released (ii) Absorbed (iii) Released (iv) Absorbed 3

(a) The shape of metal objects does not influence the amount of heat absorbed by the metal objects (b) (i) The mass of the objects (ii) The material the objects are made from (iii) The initial temperature of the water in the beakers; the temperature to which the objects are heated (c) (i) The shape of the object

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(ii) The final temperature of the water, ten minutes after the objects are placed in the water o (d) 55 C (e) The quantity of heat in the copper cylinder and copper ring are the same (f) By conduction (g) (i) No (ii) Zinc absorbs less heat than copper (h) The amount of heat absorbed by a metal object is not dependent on the shape of the object 4

(a) To determine which surface, black or shiny, absorbs more heat (b) Glowing coals (c) (i) The size or mass of the T-blocks (ii) The surface of the T-blocks (iii) The time taken for the thumb tacks to drop off (d) Both T-blocks must be placed at equal distances from the glowing coals (e) To prevent the transfer of heat through convection (f) (i) By radiation (ii) By conduction (g) (i) A black surface absorbs more heat than a silver surface (ii) A silver surface reflects more heat than a black surface

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