Report On Etiology, Epidemiology, Prophylaxis Of The Acute Respiratory Diseases

pg - 1 Report on Etiology, epidermiology, prophylaxis of the Acute respiratory diseases 1.Upper respiratory tract disease – common cold, phariyngitis otitis media, sinusitis 2.Lower respiratory tract disease – laryngitis, trachitis, laryngottracheobronchitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia. Disease

Main symptoms

Micro - organism

Common cold

Burning sensation in nose & throat, nasal obstruction, nasal discharge

Rhinovirus, parainfluenza, corona virus.

Sinusitis

Headache facial pain tenderness on palpation & percussion

Strep.pneumonia, H.influenza, adeno virus parainfluenza

Pharingitis

Sore throat

Strep. Pyogens, adeno , coxsaky

Laringitis Trachitis

Hoarsness , dry cough

parainfluenza, influenza, strep.pneumonia, Strep.pyogens, diphtheria

Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)

common in < 3yr, hoarseness, barky cough, respiratory stridor. Fever 38-40ºC

Main-Para influenza Other- influenza, RSV, measles, diphtheria

Epigottitis

Sour throat hoarseness/ subglottic edema Mainly < 5yr of age

H.influenza

Influenza

fever/ headache / respiratory symptoms

Influanza virus A – pandermic B- Epidermic C – sporadic

Bronchitis

dry cough, wheezing, chest tightness

Influenza virus, parainifuanza virus

Bronchiolitis

common in <6months, cough, dyspnoea

RSV, para influenza, adeno, influenza virus

Penumonia

productive cough, fever, chest pain

Main-strep. pneumonia Others- mycoplasma, staphy.aureus. H.influenza, legionela

pg -2 Micro-organism

Epidermiology

Transmission

Propylaxis

Rhinovirus

throughout the year, more in winter & automn all ages, more in children

droplet transmission

Influenza

A-pandemic B-epidemic C- sporadic Increase in winter

droplet

Amantadine Remantadine 1 tab./day 2-3 wks Vaccination before season

Para influenza

thought the year > autumn & spring , ↑ in children

droplet direct contact

Nonspecific– isolation

RSV

thought the year ↑autumn & spring ↑ in children Nasocomial infection in pediatric hospital

direct contact

non specific

Diphtheria

thought the year ↑ in older patient & children 1-3 yrs

droplets contact milk products

Vaccine DT -Now then after one month then 6 month then booster 5-10years (monovelant / polyvelant)

Strep.pneumonia

Respiratory tract infection mainly in immuno supresion (malnutrition, alcoholism, immuno suppressant)

pneumococcal polysaccride vaccine for immune suppressive patient

Haemophilus influenza

respiratory way

haemophilus b conjugated vaccine

Report on Etiology, epidemiology, prophylaxis of the Acute respiratory diseases Report prepared by 1. Dr. Sajid Mahmood, MD (EU), Accident & Emergency Department, NHS Royal infirmary Liverpool United Kingdom. 2. Dr. Adnan Akram, MD (EU), Department of Infectious Diseases. University Hospital Riga Latvia. 3. Dr. Aftab Ahmed, MD (EU), Infection Control Department, Kaunas Medical University Clinic. Lithuania. Contact: publications [at] infekcijas.eu