Report On Education Sector

Contents:1. Introduction

2. Importance of Education

3. Indian Education System  K-12 System  Higher Education System 4.

Education – A way towards growth and development

5. Role of Education in Indian Economy 6. Challenges – Need for Reforms 7. Conclusion 8. Reference

INTRODUCTION The word “Education” originated from the Latin word which means “to bring up” or “to nourish”. Education means drawing out the hidden potentialities and qualities of the students. Every society has specialized individuals who fulfill certain positions that require extended education. In some cases, these people are known as shamans, priests, or professors or they may be doctors, mechanics, blacksmiths, or artists. In all these professions, some form of higher education is necessary. It could come from an apprentice or rigorous private study, or it could take the form of a formal higher education. Whatever the form, the meanings is the same, gain knowledge and uses it. There are two types of education  

one should teach us how to make a living, and the other how to live.

IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION Education not only provides scientific and technical skills, it also provides the motivation, justification, and social support for pursuing and applying them. The international community now strongly believes that we need to foster — through education — the values, behavior and lifestyles required for a sustainable future. Education provides the skills for:  Learning to know  Learning to live together  Learning to do

 Learning to be

WHY EDUCATION SYSTEM IS IMPORTANT?  

Education is a basic human right, and is key to a life with dignity. Quality, relevant education contributes to economic growth, peace, stability and good governance.

 Education and technology goes hand in hand

INDIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM The Indian Education System is broadly classified into its primary, secondary and higher studies. THE K-12 SCHOOL SYSTEM The Indian education system is based upon 12 years of schooling (10+2), which includes primary and secondary education. Secondary schools are affiliated with central or state boards. These boards specify the curriculum and conduct examinations at the end of X and XII grades. Many of the private schools as well as many of the good government schools are affiliated with the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE).The primary education follow the K-12 pattern. The K-12 schools are divided into three categories – primary (I-V), upper primary (VI-VII), and high (IX-XII).

HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM Higher education is provided by colleges. Colleges are affiliated to universities. Universities are of three kinds – universities (unitary and affiliated, state and central), deemed universities, and institutes of national importance (IIT’S / IIM’S). The diagram below summarizes the Indian Education System:

EDUCATION– A WAY TOWARDS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT In the past century, India progressed from a stage where the application of science to manufacturing techniques or to agricultural practices became the basis for production. This demands a highly skilled labour force. During last quarter of 20th century, three technologies emerged, which have changed production, transportation and life style of the people profoundly. These are: Information Technology  Communication  Biotechnologies 

The convergence of increased computing power, reduced communication costs among people, institutions and countries, which has significantly increased the speed of production and distribution. It is also seen that knowledge produced by Research and Development, (R & D) inventions created in universities and industrial laboratories are creating the so called knowledge industries. Education has been found a major source of productivity growth, and because education increases productive human capital, it contributes to overall increase in economic growth. In a knowledge economy, higher education benefits more than just those who attend. Knowledge economy relies heavily on a well trained workforce comprising knowledge workers that can not only apply knowledge but are also capable of analysis and decision making based on information.

ROLE OF EDUCATION IN INDIAN ECONOMY Education, like health care, is a state subject. Each state has the power to create, accredit and fund schools and universities. At the same time a number of schools and universities are run directly by the central government, creating a dual management system. While many technical schools and colleges are managed and run by private organizations, even those affiliated to government universities, almost all universities are government funded and run. At the apex of the system are national research institutes. Since independence, India has made tremendous progress in enlarging its education base. The contribution of education to economic growth in India was asserted to be as high as 14.01 percent during 1948-49 to 1968-69. Improvement in the quality of labour force was attributable to education (Dholakia, 1974). As per the later studies, the contribution of education to economic growth in India was asserted to be as high as 34.4 percent (Psacharopoulos, 1973). The study of Sivasubramonian (2004) estimated the sources of economic growth in India between 1950-51 and 1999-2000, and found that education, along with land, labour and physical capital contributes significantly to economic growth. Most countries with high investment in higher education became ‘Leader’ in technology, with high levels of achievement in technology. The role of education in economic growth for developing countries is highly significant. The research on India also proves this. India is well known as a pool of talents and it is largely contributed to its Modern Education System

CHALLENGES – NEED FOR REFORMS Even after so many advancements made to the Education Sector still India is facing deep challenges. These includes –  Provide Quality education rather than focusing on quantity  A huge variance between Rural and Urban education system  Like Health Sector a very low or no focus by Indian Government to improve education in Government Schools and Colleges  Reservations and Quota system emerged as the only motivating factor to improve literacy. The actual need is to come up with reforms to promote literacy by better education  More Stress is required to improve the quality of teachers and promote environment and perks to improve teachership  Create quality education hubs like IIT’s and IIM’s. Reforms on bringing up the foreign college affiliations in India to improve quality.  Brain Drain continues to be the biggest challenge to bring back the brains to serve the progress of the nation  Provide stress on diversified education with stress on all sectors which can improve the presence of Indians in varied economies  Privatization of schools and colleges although proved as a backbone to Indian Education but Government need to bring reforms to help reduce the fees or provide alternatives to serve education to all income grades.

CONCLUSION

With the outset of 21st Century there is an emerging need to identify the way economies are diverging. The late 20th century saw the growth of a knowledge centered, as opposed to a manufacturing centered economy. Consequently, knowledge and people with knowledge are now the key factors of production, main drivers of growth and major determinants of competitiveness in global knowledge economy. Along with increased educational requirements, new skill requirements have also emerged. General reasoning, problem solving and interpersonal skill have become more important in today’s workplace because most new position are created in education, health care and office sittings, where there are higher level of human interaction. The emergence of new and advanced technologies has led A strong education system lays foundation of strong values, culture and ethics. Like technology education now days is getting misused. Terrorism is a strong example of education mixed with technology but used in a wrong manner. “Better Education will lead to a Developed INDIA”