Rbc Slide

DENGUE Fever

DEL PUERTO | BSN 2-4

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DENGUE FEVER • Also called “breakbone” • Severe form is Dengue Hemorrhagic fever or DHF, which causes • It is a non-communicable disease

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DENGUE FEVER • INCUBATION PERIOD: 3-15 days • There are four serotypes of this disease making it possible for having multiple fevers; however, it provides a lifetime immunity.

C A U S A T I V E A G E N T Slide 003

The Striped Aedes aegypti is the carrier of the Flarivivirus. Breeds during the rainy season but can breed all year round due to stagnant water found in flower vase and cans Female day biter

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People who are more susceptible to the disease • People with low levels of immunity • Those in poor living conditions

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DENGUE FEVER -VS-

DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER • The only difference is the presence of plasma leakage that may lead to DENGUE SHOCK SYNDROME or hypovolaemic shock

-hypovolaemic shock >insufficient blood flow to the body tissues

Some Diagnotic tools • IgM ELISA test – Dengue specific test for serologic diagnosis

• Tourniquet Test – Test for capillary fragility

Positive tourniquet test • Test for capillary fragility • * Inflate blood pressure cuff to a point midway between systolic and diastolic pressure for 5 minutes • * Positive test: 20 or more petechiae per 1 inch² (6.25 cm²) Source: Pan American Health Organization: Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever: Guidelines for Prevention and Control. PAHO: Washington, D.C., 1994: 12.

Signs and Symptoms •Bleeding from nose or gums •Persistent abdominal pain and persistent vomiting coffee colored vomit •Black stool •Cold and clammy extremities •Capillary refill for more than 3 secs •Inflamed cervical and inguinal lymph nodes •Low platelet count

Signs and Symptoms Vital Signs: -TP: 104 F (40 C)-for 7 days -PR: < 50-60 bpm (bradychardia) -BP: <120/80

Diagnosis ﾘ Fluid secondary vomiting

volume deficit to persistent

ﾘ Hyperthermia secondary to dengue infection ﾘ Infection hemorrhaging

risk

for

Planning • After 1 hr. Of nursing interventions, the client will be able to: – demonstrate behaviors that reduces the risk for bleeding – demonstrate symptoms that will suggest proper re-hydration

• After 2 hours of nursing intervention the client will show signs of lower body temperature

Intervention • Independent: – Provide ORS (oral re-hydration salts) – Provide ORS (oral re-hydration salts) – Encourage use of soft toothbrush, avoiding straining for stool, and forceful nose blowing. – Administer antipyretics avoiding aspirin containing products as well as non-steroidal antipyretics* – Administer TSB

Intervention • Collaborative – Monitor Hb and Hct and clotting factors. – Provide screen isolation or mosquito nets

• Dependent – IV fluid insertion/venipuncture