Quantum Computer

SEMINAR ON QUANTUM COMPUTERS

BY Abhishek Mittal ROLL NO. 03

INTRODUCTION  Imagine

a machine that could do calculations about a billion times faster than today’s silicon computers.

 Imagine

one that would be as many times more efficient

 Imagine

one that would bring in a whole new era of technological advancement and computing power

STOP IMAGINING !!!

It’s called a Quantum Computers and it’s the future of computing. • It promises to revolutionize the world. • Diseases once thought incurable can be cured. • Encryption methods thought to be uncrackable can be cracked. • Simulations of real world

Is this a sudden emergence of a new radical system ???

 Well,

it uses a totally new principle of physics and goes away from classical mechanics into the realm of quantum physics .

What is Quantum Computer ???  Device



based on quantum mechanics.

Fundamental unit of information is Quantum bit or Qubit.

About Qubits  Exists

as a ‘0’, a ‘1’ or simultaneously as a superposition of both ‘0’ & ‘1’ with a numerical coefficient representing the probability for each state

FEATURES !!! Quantum

Computing Parallelism

Quantum

Cryptography

Quantum Computing Parallelism The most exciting feature of quantum computing is quantum parallelism.

Parallelism

allows a quantum computer to work on a million computation at once.

Quantum Cryptography

Is the quantum computer that much faster ???

In

a classical computer register with N bits can represent 2N numbers but only one at a time . In a quantum computer register of N qubit can represent a superposition of 2N numbers simultaneously.



Eg: In 100 qubit we can represent a superposition of 2100 ~ 1030 numbers at the same time .

How does it Work ??? A

quantum computer uses molecules and atoms to do the computations required.

 Using

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques, scientists nowadays can manipulate the spin of an atom.

USES !!!

Encryption

technology

Molecular and real world simulations



Ultra

secure and error free communication.

RSA Encryption technology  It

would take the fastest computer of today, a lifetime to figure out the original message.

 However,

this ‘super secret unbreakable ultra secure’ method of encryption can be cracked by a quantum computer in just a year or less.

 Thus

government agencies are once again trying hard to make new encryption methods, this time using quantum computers because of their computational speed.

Molecular and Real World Simulations  The

major thing hampering our research into cures for disease like cancer is the low speed of today’s computers .

 Computers

today cannot generate truly random numbers nor do they have the speed or computing capability to make these simulations.

 Quantum

computers on the other hand can generate numbers that are truly random and they do have the speed and computing power to simulate the real world as well as things like molecules

 This

will go a long way in curing diseases, predicting weather cycles and disasters like earthquakes or volcanoes, thus ushering in a new age of healthcare as well as science

Ultra secure and error free communications I

feel that this use of quantum computers and technology will help the common man the most.

 It

uses a new and rather unexplained phenomenon called quantum teleportation.

Quantum Teleportation

 Thus

we can send information to far away places without physically being connected.



Of course, a lot more research will have to be done in the field, but it has the potential to revolutionize communications.

 We

might have a quantum internet over invisible media and information downloading time will be a thing of the past.



It will save costs of setting up networks.

So, what do I foresee in the year 2020 and beyond ??? (Predictions & Conclusion)

FIRST GLANCE !!!

 The

world would be a much better place to live in.

 Healthcare

would be so developed that diseases would be a thing of the past.

 We

would be able to predict earthquakes, floods and volcanoes.

 Top

secret documents pertaining to national policy, military information and other ‘irrelevant’ information about political ‘dealings’ would all be totally secure using encryption methods.

SECOND GLANCE !!!

 Keeping

the problems faced in mind, I feel that quantum computers might only change one part of computing as we know it.

 Mainframes

and supercomputers in large organizations, universities and government institutions might be the only ones that are changed.



Personal computing might encounter another revolution that would take away the need for quantum computers in our homes; or we might use a simplified version of a quantum computer at home.

References  http://tph.tuwien.ac.at/~oemer/qcl.html

(Programming Language for Quantum Computers  http://www.carolla.com/quantum/QuantumCo mputers.htm (Basic Information)  http://www.cs.caltech.edu/~westside/quantu m-intro.html (Basic Information)  http://www.wpi.edu/Academics/Depts/Chemistry/C (NMR)  http://www.theory.caltech.edu/~quic/errors.ht ml (Decoherence and error correction)  http://www.research.ibm.com/quantuminfo/te

THANK YOU !!!