Qualitative And Quantitative.pptx

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH APPROACH ANIS ADILA NURUL AINI PINKY TANG

CONCEPTUAL QUALITATIVE • A type of educational research in which the researcher relies on the views of the participants • Concerned with understanding human behaviour from the informant’s perspective

• Assumes a dynamic and negotiated reality

QUANTITATIVE

• A type of educational research in which the researcher decides what to study • Concerned with discovering facts about social phenomena

• Assumes a fixed and measurable reality

METHODOLOGICAL QUALITATIVE • Data are collected through participant observation and interviews • Data are analysed by themes from descriptions by informants • Data are reported in the language of the informant

QUANTITATIVE

• Data are collected through measuring things • Data are analysed through numerical comparisons and statistical inferens • Data are reported through statistical analyses

What are the differences between the two in each step?

1. IDENTIFYING A RESEARCH PROBLEM.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH • Description of trends or an explanation of variables’ relationships.

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH • An exploration in which little is known about the problem. • A detailed understanding of a central phenomenon.

2. REVIEWING THE LITERATURE

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

• Major role through suggesting the RQ to be asked.

• Minor role in suggesting SRQ to be asked.

• Justifying the R problem and the need for the direction of the study

• Justify the importance of studying the research problem.

3. SPECIFYING A PURPOSE FOR THE RESEARCH

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

• Be specific and narrow.

• Be general and broad.

• Seek measurable, observable data on variables.

• Seek to understand the participants’ experiences.

4. COLLECTING DATA

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

• Collecting data using instruments with preset Qs and Res.

• Collecting data using forms with general, emerging Qs to permit the participant to generate responses.

• Collecting info from a large number of individuals.

• Gathering word(text) or image(picture) data.

5. ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING DATA

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

• Data analysis tends to consist of statistical analysis.

• Text analysis.

• Describing trends, comparing group differences, relating variables.

• Stating the larger meaning of findings.

• A description of themes.

6. REPORTING AND EVALUATING RESEARCH

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

• Tend to use standard fixed structure and evaluation criteria.

• A flexible, emerging structure and evaluative criteria.

• Take an objective and unbiased approach.

• Take a subjective and biased approach.