Project On Network

GOVT. GIRLS SR. SEC. SCHOOL,BASTI SHEIKH,JALANDHAR

PROJECT ON NETWORK

SUBMITTED BY : SANA,SHEETAL,NEHA.

WHAT IS COMPUTER NETWORK A computer network means interconnection of two or more computers by communication medium that are connected to share the information and resources. The computers in a network are connected by several communication mediums like telephone lines, coaxial cables etc. The system or node on the network can be connected in number of ways that is defined by ‘TOPOLOGY’.

ADVANTAGES OF NETWORK The Advantages of NETWORK can be summarized as: Sharing : The network enables to share all data and programs along with different resources irrespective of physical location of the resource and the user. Communication medium: The networks provide very fast and effective communication mediums. File integrity: The file transfer and sharing is very frequent and immediate file updating in networks. Thus maintains the integrity of file and saves time. Cost effective: The network allow to share the resources of expensive peripheral devices like printers. Thus decreasing the overall cost of the system.

5. Reliable: The network provides the reliability by providing multiple sources of supply. 6. Greater flexibility: Networks provide greater flexibility because of possibility to connect devices from various vendors. 7. Backup : It is easier to backup the files from the central file server instead of from the scattered workstation 8.Security: Networks provides security measures so as to ensure that the network user may only have access to certain files and applications.

COMPONENTS OF NETWORK   

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CLIENT or NODE:A client or node means computer that is attached to a network for resource sharing. SERVER: A server is a computer that helps or controls the sharing information and resources on the network. NETWORK INTERFACE CARD: A network interface unit is card that should be present on each and every client and server. This card basically establishes the communication connection between the server and nodes. COMMUNICATION CHANNEL: The communication channel refers to the connecting wires. This can be actual physical wires or transmission through air.

NETWORK TOPOLOGY There are number of network topologies but most common are: STAR, RING and BUS topology. The selection of these topologies totally depends on three factors:  Number of nodes on the network  Performance  Reliability and Expandability.

STAR TOPLOGY In star topology ,all computers are placed around a central hub. The hub controls the communication between the computers and other hubs. The computers communicate with each other through hub and not directly. The nodes can only be about 100 meters far from the hub.

RING TOPOLOGY In RING Topology ,all computers are connected logically in the form of a ring i.e. each node is connected to two other nodes, one on either side, for communication. There is no master node or hub in these networks for controlling the communication. On receiving the data, each machine checks the address attached to it. If it is for that machine then it takes the data otherwise simply discard it.

BUS TOPOLOGY A bus topology consists of a shared bus on which all other computers and other devices are attached. A device who wants to communicate with another device on the network sends a broadcast message on shared bus. All other devices on the network can see the message but only the intended receiver will actually accept and process the message.