Prevalence Of Over The Counter Drug Usage
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PREVALENCE OF OVER THE COUNTER DRUG USAGE IN HUDCO COLONY, PEELAMEDU, COIMBATORE. A PSBH Project done by D.SENTHIL ANUSHA V.SUDHA YOHA LAKSHMI BHARATHI
INTRODUCTION •
Drugs that can be purchased without a prescription are referred to as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs.
•
Common OTC medicines include pain relievers, laxatives, cold"relieving" preparations and antacids.
•
One must be careful while using OTC drugs in children & pregnant mothers.
•
Nowadays, many homeopathic and ayurvedic medicines are also available over the counter as well. Yet they are not completely safe.
•
The phrase 'Over The Counter' and its abbreviation 'OTC' preparations have no legal recognition in India and are better referred to as 'nonprescription drugs‘. All non ‘schedule X & schedule H ‘ drugs are considered non-prescription drugs in India.
.
RATIONALE • OTC drugs are consumed rather indiscriminately by millions of people worldwide. • So blurred is the boundary between prescription and OTC categories in India that prescription drugs are routinely sold over the counter by greedy pharmacists. • Should the authorities continue to turn a blind eye to OTC sales of prescription drugs, ‘safe’ medicines will continue to be rendered ‘unsafe’.
STUDY QUESTION • Will a survey help in evaluating the knowledge, attitude and practice of over the counter drugs usage among 100 people in HUDCO colony, Peelamedu, coimbatore?
REVIEW OF LITERATURE •
Deshpande SG and Tiwari R, Self medication--a growing concern 31% persons practiced self medication. more common among males and among those in the 30-50 yr age groups. Fever, cough, boils and acidity were the common complaints. analgesics and antipyretics, tonics and antibiotics Most information from friends or neighbours or chemist.
•Abahussain E et al Self-reported medication use among adolescents in Kuwait prevalence of self-medication among the high school students was 92%. pain relief, respiratory conditions, allergic & dermatological conditions The most common sources of information on medicines were parents.
METHODOLOGY STUDY AREA: HUDCO colony, Peelamedu STUDY POPULATION: 100 ppl age > 16. STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional study. SAMPLING: Purposive sampling STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: SPSS v10 .
TIME LINE CHART
Report preparation Analysis Data entry Survey Q modification Pilot study Q preparation Review of literature
0
2
4 MONTHS
6
8
RESULTS OTC PREVALENCE
Ever used Yes, Always Yes, sometimes No Total
Frequency 5 83 12 100
EVER USED OTC DRUGS 12%
5%
83% Yes, Always
Yes, sometimes
No
88% of the people surveyed have used ‘Over The Counter’ drugs.
COMMON AILMENTS AILMENT
COMMON AILMENTS FOR WHICH OTC DRUGS ARE USED
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Fever
71
80.68
Cough ,cold, sore throat
64
72.72
80 70
Headache
71
80.68
Indigestion
28
31.81
Vomiting/Diarrhoea
6
6.81
Joint pain
6
6.81
Dental pain
11
12.5
Others
5
5.68
fever 71
71
cough,cold,sorethr oat headache
64
60 50
indigestion
40 30
vomit/diarr
28
joint pain
20 10 0
6 6 Frequency
11 5
dental pain others[insomnia,sk in allergy]
Fever, cough, cold, sore throat, head ache, indigestion are the common ailments for which OTC drugs are used.
COMMON DRUGS MEDICINES
FREQUENGY
PERCENTAGE
Antipyretic
77
87.5
Painkiller
64
72.72
Antibiotics
6
6.81
Antidiarrhoeal
5
5.68
Laxative
3
3.40
Coughsyrup
3
3.40
Antihistamines
3
3.40
Antiemetics
1
1.13
10
Multivitamin
1
1.13
0
Sleeping pill
1
1.13
COMMON DRUGS BOUGHT OTC 80 70
77
Antipyretics Painkillers Antibiotics
64
60
6 5 3 3 3 1 1 1
Antidiarrhoel Laxatives Coughsyrup Antihistamines Antiemetics Multivitamin
FREQUENCY
Sleeping pills
50 40 30 20
Antipyretics, painkillers & antibiotics are the most common drugs bought over the counter.
REASON FOR OTC DRUG USAGE
SOURCE OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT OTC DRUGS 70
61.36
51
60
60
41
40
50 40
32.95
30 20
0
11.36
Friends / Relatives Medical shop
1
Advertisements
easy access
Dr cost
nothing wrong
KNOWLEDGE ON OTC DRUGS WHILE BUYING
35
76
35
76
33
30
75
25
73
74 73
20
72
15
71
10
expiry date
not worth going to Dr emergency
Old prescription
FACTORS CHECKED WHEN BUYING 76
11
frequency
10 0
10
5
20
29.54
PERCENTAGE name of medicine
12
0
side effects 7
5 package
dosage frequency/duration
PERCENTAGE
interaction
SUMMARY OF OUR FINDINGS
•88% of the people surveyed have used ‘Over The Counter ‘drugs. •61.36% of the OTC drug users use old prescriptions •37% of the OTC drug users use OTC drugs in children •55% of the women OTC drug users have used OTC drugs during pregnancy.
SUMMARY OF OUR FINDINGS
•35% & 33% of the OTC drug users are aware of the dosage and frequency/duration respectively of the drugs they take. •86.36% of the OTC drug users check for expiry date while buying &taking drugs. •12.5% of the OTC users have suffered from side effects .Vomiting ,skin allergy ,stomach upset are the common side effects
SUMMARY OF OUR FINDINGS
•
Fever, cough, cold, sore throat, head ache, indigestion are the common ailments
•
Antipyretics, painkillers & antibiotics are the most common drugs bought over the counter.
•
13.63% of the OTC users are not aware of the name of the medicines they buy.
RECOMMENDATION •
Create awareness among the consumers about the adverse consequences of self-medication
• Create awareness among the Chemists and Druggists about the adverse consequences of self- medication •
Laws should me made sufficiently stringent for the chemists to adhere to the law in terms of sale of prescription drugs without prescription LIMITATION
• We have only assessed the KAP regarding OTC drug usage among people of HUDCO colony. In the future projects health education will help to bring about change in their practice of OTC drug usage.
INTRODUCTION •
Drugs that can be purchased without a prescription are referred to as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs.
•
Common OTC medicines include pain relievers, laxatives, cold"relieving" preparations and antacids.
•
One must be careful while using OTC drugs in children & pregnant mothers.
•
Nowadays, many homeopathic and ayurvedic medicines are also available over the counter as well. Yet they are not completely safe.
•
The phrase 'Over The Counter' and its abbreviation 'OTC' preparations have no legal recognition in India and are better referred to as 'nonprescription drugs‘. All non ‘schedule X & schedule H ‘ drugs are considered non-prescription drugs in India.
.
RATIONALE • OTC drugs are consumed rather indiscriminately by millions of people worldwide. • So blurred is the boundary between prescription and OTC categories in India that prescription drugs are routinely sold over the counter by greedy pharmacists. • Should the authorities continue to turn a blind eye to OTC sales of prescription drugs, ‘safe’ medicines will continue to be rendered ‘unsafe’.
STUDY QUESTION • Will a survey help in evaluating the knowledge, attitude and practice of over the counter drugs usage among 100 people in HUDCO colony, Peelamedu, coimbatore?
REVIEW OF LITERATURE •
Deshpande SG and Tiwari R, Self medication--a growing concern 31% persons practiced self medication. more common among males and among those in the 30-50 yr age groups. Fever, cough, boils and acidity were the common complaints. analgesics and antipyretics, tonics and antibiotics Most information from friends or neighbours or chemist.
•Abahussain E et al Self-reported medication use among adolescents in Kuwait prevalence of self-medication among the high school students was 92%. pain relief, respiratory conditions, allergic & dermatological conditions The most common sources of information on medicines were parents.
METHODOLOGY STUDY AREA: HUDCO colony, Peelamedu STUDY POPULATION: 100 ppl age > 16. STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional study. SAMPLING: Purposive sampling STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: SPSS v10 .
TIME LINE CHART
Report preparation Analysis Data entry Survey Q modification Pilot study Q preparation Review of literature
0
2
4 MONTHS
6
8
RESULTS OTC PREVALENCE
Ever used Yes, Always Yes, sometimes No Total
Frequency 5 83 12 100
EVER USED OTC DRUGS 12%
5%
83% Yes, Always
Yes, sometimes
No
88% of the people surveyed have used ‘Over The Counter’ drugs.
COMMON AILMENTS AILMENT
COMMON AILMENTS FOR WHICH OTC DRUGS ARE USED
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Fever
71
80.68
Cough ,cold, sore throat
64
72.72
80 70
Headache
71
80.68
Indigestion
28
31.81
Vomiting/Diarrhoea
6
6.81
Joint pain
6
6.81
Dental pain
11
12.5
Others
5
5.68
fever 71
71
cough,cold,sorethr oat headache
64
60 50
indigestion
40 30
vomit/diarr
28
joint pain
20 10 0
6 6 Frequency
11 5
dental pain others[insomnia,sk in allergy]
Fever, cough, cold, sore throat, head ache, indigestion are the common ailments for which OTC drugs are used.
COMMON DRUGS MEDICINES
FREQUENGY
PERCENTAGE
Antipyretic
77
87.5
Painkiller
64
72.72
Antibiotics
6
6.81
Antidiarrhoeal
5
5.68
Laxative
3
3.40
Coughsyrup
3
3.40
Antihistamines
3
3.40
Antiemetics
1
1.13
10
Multivitamin
1
1.13
0
Sleeping pill
1
1.13
COMMON DRUGS BOUGHT OTC 80 70
77
Antipyretics Painkillers Antibiotics
64
60
6 5 3 3 3 1 1 1
Antidiarrhoel Laxatives Coughsyrup Antihistamines Antiemetics Multivitamin
FREQUENCY
Sleeping pills
50 40 30 20
Antipyretics, painkillers & antibiotics are the most common drugs bought over the counter.
REASON FOR OTC DRUG USAGE
SOURCE OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT OTC DRUGS 70
61.36
51
60
60
41
40
50 40
32.95
30 20
0
11.36
Friends / Relatives Medical shop
1
Advertisements
easy access
Dr cost
nothing wrong
KNOWLEDGE ON OTC DRUGS WHILE BUYING
35
76
35
76
33
30
75
25
73
74 73
20
72
15
71
10
expiry date
not worth going to Dr emergency
Old prescription
FACTORS CHECKED WHEN BUYING 76
11
frequency
10 0
10
5
20
29.54
PERCENTAGE name of medicine
12
0
side effects 7
5 package
dosage frequency/duration
PERCENTAGE
interaction
SUMMARY OF OUR FINDINGS
•88% of the people surveyed have used ‘Over The Counter ‘drugs. •61.36% of the OTC drug users use old prescriptions •37% of the OTC drug users use OTC drugs in children •55% of the women OTC drug users have used OTC drugs during pregnancy.
SUMMARY OF OUR FINDINGS
•35% & 33% of the OTC drug users are aware of the dosage and frequency/duration respectively of the drugs they take. •86.36% of the OTC drug users check for expiry date while buying &taking drugs. •12.5% of the OTC users have suffered from side effects .Vomiting ,skin allergy ,stomach upset are the common side effects
SUMMARY OF OUR FINDINGS
•
Fever, cough, cold, sore throat, head ache, indigestion are the common ailments
•
Antipyretics, painkillers & antibiotics are the most common drugs bought over the counter.
•
13.63% of the OTC users are not aware of the name of the medicines they buy.
RECOMMENDATION •
Create awareness among the consumers about the adverse consequences of self-medication
• Create awareness among the Chemists and Druggists about the adverse consequences of self- medication •
Laws should me made sufficiently stringent for the chemists to adhere to the law in terms of sale of prescription drugs without prescription LIMITATION
• We have only assessed the KAP regarding OTC drug usage among people of HUDCO colony. In the future projects health education will help to bring about change in their practice of OTC drug usage.
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