Presenting Qm

Presenting QM

CONTENT • • • • •

Introduction to Organisation & Presentation of Data Types of Presentation Other Type of Tabular Presentation Summary Bibliography

Organisation & Presentation of Data  Organizing ref. to arranging & classifying data  Presentation of Data ref. to presenting facts from which conclusion can be drawn

Types of Presentation

Text Presentation

Tabular Presentation

Graphical Presentation

Text Presentation  Not very effective  Need to read the paragraph carefully  Hardly anyone understand such presentation

Tabular Presentation  Better than text presentation  Presented in the format of rows & columns  Effective as compared to text presentation

Tabular Presentation Differences of kind

Differences of degree

Geographic classification

Time Series

Descriptive Characteristics

Differences of kind  Class are setup on the basis of Qualitative Differences 2. eg;Table 1: no. of student in college

3. eg;Table 2: no. of Workers in Factory

Differences of Degree

 Base on Quantitative terms & not in Qualitative terms  Qualitative terms are not satisfactory compared to Quantitative terms  eg:Table: no. of Children classified according to Age

Geographic Classification

 Separates data into groups according to Geographical division 2. eg;Table: Rainfall in state’s in India

Time Series

 Classified on basis of Time intervals  Arranged in order of Occurrence  eg;Table: no. of units produce by a factory in Year

Other tabular Presentation Frequency distribution Cumulative frequency distribution

Bivariate Frequency distribution

Marginal Distribution

Conditional Distribution

Frequency Distribution  Frequency Table: different class intervals known as Frequency Table  Frequency Distribution: total no of observation over different class intervals  Discrete Distribution: each class is denoted by numbers  Continuous Distribution: continuity of the values of the variable

Cumulative Frequency Distribution

 Relative frequency: frequency of class / total frequency  Cumulative Frequency: add relative frequency 3. eg;Table: no. of secured by student

Bivariate Frequency Distribution    

It is used in case where more than one things have to be considered. Two types of Bivariate Frequency Distribution: Marginal Distribution Conditional Distribution

Bivariate Frequency Distribution

 1st Type of Bivariate Frequency Distribution: Marginal Distribution: class interval corresponding to the data & corresponding rows  eg;Table : no. of marks secured in sub.

Graphical Presentation      

Easy to understand Effective & Efficient compared to Text Presentation Limited set of data can be easily understand Graphical Presentation are of two type: Co-ordinates of Point Representing Frequency Distribution

Graphical Presentation Co- ordinates Of point

Representing Frequency distribution

histogram

Frequency Polygon & Curve

Graphical Presentation  1st type of Representing Frequency Distribution: Histogram: bar chart representing a frequency distribution i.e. height of bars represent observed graph 3. eg;Table: no. of marks secured by

Graphical Presentation

 2nd type of Representing Frequency Distribution: Frequency Polygon:frequency are plotted against the midpt of the class interval  Pt are joined by line segments  No. of pt can be easily plotted on the same graph of Frequency Polygon as compared to

Graphical Presentation  3 type of Representing rd

Frequency Distribution: Frequency Curve:joined by the smooth curve instead of line segment 3. eg;Table: height of student

Summary 

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Organizing & Presentation of Data ref. to arranging the presented facts from which conclusion can be drawn Types of Presentation:Text Presentation Tabular Presentation Graphical Presentation Text Presentation:- not as effective as compared to other type of presentation; need to read whole paragraph Tabular Presentation:- effective & efficient as compared to Text Presentation, presented in the format of rows & columns Graphical presentation:- easier to understand as

Summary 2.

Other types of Tabular Presentation:Frequency distribution

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Cumulative Frequency distribution

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Bivariate Frequency distribution Frequency distribution:- gives frequency of diff. class interval Cumulative Frequency distribution:-add relative frequency Bivariate Frequency distribution:- used where more than one things have to be considered

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Bib-blography  2. 3. 4.

Quantitative Methods – 1 A.V.Deshpande M.L. Vaidya A.P.Kumtha

Thanks to mrs S. RAO

Presented by :• Mohit.M • Pratik.K • Kunal.S • Atul.S 40 • Amar.J • Pawan.K

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